Question 1

The nurse is planning care for a client recently diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). The client lives alone in an apartment and will continue treatment at home. When reviewing the client's history, the nurse notes that the client has had trouble complying with medication regimens in the past. Which nursing diagnosis is a priority for this client?

Accepted Answer

A)The treatment regimen for tuberculosis requires that the client take many medications, maintain nutrition, and be aware of potential side effects. Given the complexity of this regimen and the client's history of noncompliance, the client is at risk for ineffective treatment in the home. The client may have a knowledge deficit, but the priority is the health management. Since the client is being treated in the home, there is not much risk for ineffective breathing. The client does not appear to be at risk for injury.
B)The treatment regimen for tuberculosis requires that the client take many medications, maintain nutrition, and be aware of potential side effects. Given the complexity of this regimen and the client's history of noncompliance, the client is at risk for ineffective treatment in the home. The client may have a knowledge deficit but the priority is the health management. Since the client is being treated in the home, there is not much risk for ineffective breathing. The client does not appear to be at risk for injury.
C)The treatment regimen for tuberculosis requires that the client take many medications, maintain nutrition, and be aware of potential side effects. Given the complexity of this regimen and the client's history of noncompliance, the client is at risk for ineffective treatment in the home. The client may have a knowledge deficit but the priority is the health management. Since the client is being treated in the home, there is not much risk for ineffective breathing. The client does not appear to be at risk for injury.
D)The treatment regimen for tuberculosis requires that the client take many medications, maintain nutrition, and be aware of potential side effects. Given the complexity of this regimen and the client's history of noncompliance, the client is at risk for ineffective treatment in the home. The client may have a knowledge deficit but the priority is the health management. Since the client is being treated in the home, there is not much risk for ineffective breathing. The client does not appear to be at risk for injury.

Question 2

The charge nurse for a medical-surgical unit is notified that a client with tuberculosis (TB)is being transported to the unit. Which actions for infection prevention are the most appropriate in this circumstance? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)HEPA-filtered respirators and gowns should be worn when caring for clients who do not reliably cover their mouths when coughing. When a client has an airborne disease and must go elsewhere in the hospital, the client must wear a mask. Supplies to prevent transmission of disease should be stocked at the end of the shift so that adequate supplies will be available for the next healthcare provider. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after client care. Clinical staff receive TB testing annually. There is no reason to test all staff members at this time.
B)HEPA-filtered respirators and gowns should be worn when caring for clients who do not reliably cover their mouths when coughing. When a client has an airborne disease and must go elsewhere in the hospital, the client must wear a mask. Supplies to prevent transmission of disease should be stocked at the end of the shift so that adequate supplies will be available for the next healthcare provider. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after client care. Clinical staff receive TB testing annually. There is no reason to test all staff members at this time.
C)HEPA-filtered respirators and gowns should be worn when caring for clients who do not reliably cover their mouths when coughing. When a client has an airborne disease and must go elsewhere in the hospital, the client must wear a mask. Supplies to prevent transmission of disease should be stocked at the end of the shift so that adequate supplies will be available for the next healthcare provider. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after client care. Clinical staff receive TB testing annually. There is no reason to test all staff members at this time.
D)HEPA-filtered respirators and gowns should be worn when caring for clients who do not reliably cover their mouths when coughing. When a client has an airborne disease and must go elsewhere in the hospital, the client must wear a mask. Supplies to prevent transmission of disease should be stocked at the end of the shift so that adequate supplies will be available for the next healthcare provider. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after client care. Clinical staff receive TB testing annually. There is no reason to test all staff members at this time.
E)HEPA-filtered respirators and gowns should be worn when caring for clients who do not reliably cover their mouths when coughing. When a client has an airborne disease and must go elsewhere in the hospital, the client must wear a mask. Supplies to prevent transmission of disease should be stocked at the end of the shift so that adequate supplies will be available for the next healthcare provider. Hand hygiene should be performed before and after client care. Clinical staff receive TB testing annually. There is no reason to test all staff members at this time.

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the unit with tuberculosis (TB). Which type of isolation room is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)Patients with airborne infections such as meningococcemia, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or TB are placed in an isolation room with an anteroom and negative pressure airflow. Air flows into the room and is vented in a special manner to prevent the organism from entering the rest of the unit. Positive flow rooms are used for those clients who are immunosuppressed so that microorganisms from the unit are not drawn into the room. Single-door isolation with normal airflow might be used for a client with droplet or wound infection. Single-door rooms are not equipped to have positive or negative airflow.
B)Patients with airborne infections such as meningococcemia, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or TB are placed in an isolation room with an anteroom and negative pressure airflow. Air flows into the room and is vented in a special manner to prevent the organism from entering the rest of the unit. Positive flow rooms are used for those clients who are immunosuppressed so that microorganisms from the unit are not drawn into the room. Single-door isolation with normal airflow might be used for a client with droplet or wound infection. Single-door rooms are not equipped to have positive or negative airflow.
C)Patients with airborne infections such as meningococcemia, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or TB are placed in an isolation room with an anteroom and negative pressure airflow. Air flows into the room and is vented in a special manner to prevent the organism from entering the rest of the unit. Positive flow rooms are used for those clients who are immunosuppressed so that microorganisms from the unit are not drawn into the room. Single-door isolation with normal airflow might be used for a client with droplet or wound infection. Single-door rooms are not equipped to have positive or negative airflow.
D)Patients with airborne infections such as meningococcemia, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or TB are placed in an isolation room with an anteroom and negative pressure airflow. Air flows into the room and is vented in a special manner to prevent the organism from entering the rest of the unit. Positive flow rooms are used for those clients who are immunosuppressed so that microorganisms from the unit are not drawn into the room. Single-door isolation with normal airflow might be used for a client with droplet or wound infection. Single-door rooms are not equipped to have positive or negative airflow.

Question 4

A mother brings in her 6-year-old daughter with signs and symptoms of fever, reduced voiding, uncontrolled voiding, and pain during urination. The daughter is diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. Which nursing outcome is most appropriate for this client?

Accepted Answer

A)Children who are potty trained often develop enuresis, or involuntary passage of urine, during a urinary tract infection. An appropriate nursing outcome would be that the child would recover enough from the infection that the child no longer experiences enuresis. An outcome related to bilirubin levels would be more appropriate for a neonate, not a school-aged child. The client should be afebrile for 24 hours prior to discharge, not 12 hours. The client should be voiding 500 to 1000 mL of urine in 24 hours, depending on weight. Only voiding 300 mL of urine would be cause for concern.
B)Children who are potty trained often develop enuresis, or involuntary passage of urine, during a urinary tract infection. An appropriate nursing outcome would be that the child would recover enough from the infection that the child no longer experiences enuresis. An outcome related to bilirubin levels would be more appropriate for a neonate, not a school-aged child. The client should be afebrile for 24 hours prior to discharge, not 12 hours. The client should be voiding 500 to 1000 mL of urine in 24 hours, depending on weight. Only voiding 300 mL of urine would be cause for concern.
C)Children who are potty trained often develop enuresis, or involuntary passage of urine, during a urinary tract infection. An appropriate nursing outcome would be that the child would recover enough from the infection that the child no longer experiences enuresis. An outcome related to bilirubin levels would be more appropriate for a neonate, not a school-aged child. The client should be afebrile for 24 hours prior to discharge, not 12 hours. The client should be voiding 500 to 1000 mL of urine in 24 hours, depending on weight. Only voiding 300 mL of urine would be cause for concern.
D)Children who are potty trained often develop enuresis, or involuntary passage of urine, during a urinary tract infection. An appropriate nursing outcome would be that the child would recover enough from the infection that the child no longer experiences enuresis. An outcome related to bilirubin levels would be more appropriate for a neonate, not a school-aged child. The client should be afebrile for 24 hours prior to discharge, not 12 hours. The client should be voiding 500 to 1000 mL of urine in 24 hours, depending on weight. Only voiding 300 mL of urine would be cause for concern.

Question 5

The nurse for a urology clinic is planning an in-service about urinary infections for a group of novice nurses. Which statement should the nurse include in the presentation?

Accepted Answer

A)Men will usually be prescribed a longer course of therapy to manage a urinary tract infection. They have a longer urethra and typically experience more complicated urinary tract infections than women. Descending infections are less common than ascending infections of the urinary tract. A clean-catch midstream specimen is a reliable means to obtain a urine specimen to check for the presence of infection. Women have a higher rate of urinary tract infection than men.
B)Men will usually be prescribed a longer course of therapy to manage a urinary tract infection. They have a longer urethra and typically experience more complicated urinary tract infections than women. Descending infections are less common than ascending infections of the urinary tract. A clean-catch midstream specimen is a reliable means to obtain a urine specimen to check for the presence of infection. Women have a higher rate of urinary tract infection than men.
C)Men will usually be prescribed a longer course of therapy to manage a urinary tract infection. They have a longer urethra and typically experience more complicated urinary tract infections than women. Descending infections are less common than ascending infections of the urinary tract. A clean-catch midstream specimen is a reliable means to obtain a urine specimen to check for the presence of infection. Women have a higher rate of urinary tract infection than men.
D)Men will usually be prescribed a longer course of therapy to manage a urinary tract infection. They have a longer urethra and typically experience more complicated urinary tract infections than women. Descending infections are less common than ascending infections of the urinary tract. A clean-catch midstream specimen is a reliable means to obtain a urine specimen to check for the presence of infection. Women have a higher rate of urinary tract infection than men.

Question 6

A client with a previously healed tuberculosis lesion experiences lesion rupture that leads to active disease. Which type of tuberculosis does this client have?

Accepted Answer

A)When a previously healed tuberculosis lesion ruptures and initiates active disease, this is called reactivation tuberculosis. This reactivation may or may not lead to extrapulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis outside the lungs)or to miliary tuberculosis (the spread of tuberculosis through the blood to the rest of the body). Cavitation is a process by which a bubble or cavity is formed from tuberculosis infection. It is not a type of tuberculosis.
B)When a previously healed tuberculosis lesion ruptures and initiates active disease, this is called reactivation tuberculosis. This reactivation may or may not lead to extrapulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis outside the lungs)or to miliary tuberculosis (the spread of tuberculosis through the blood to the rest of the body). Cavitation is a process by which a bubble or cavity is formed from tuberculosis infection. It is not a type of tuberculosis.
C)When a previously healed tuberculosis lesion ruptures and initiates active disease, this is called reactivation tuberculosis. This reactivation may or may not lead to extrapulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis outside the lungs)or to miliary tuberculosis (the spread of tuberculosis through the blood to the rest of the body). Cavitation is a process by which a bubble or cavity is formed from tuberculosis infection. It is not a type of tuberculosis.
D)When a previously healed tuberculosis lesion ruptures and initiates active disease, this is called reactivation tuberculosis. This reactivation may or may not lead to extrapulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis outside the lungs)or to miliary tuberculosis (the spread of tuberculosis through the blood to the rest of the body). Cavitation is a process by which a bubble or cavity is formed from tuberculosis infection. It is not a type of tuberculosis.

Question 7

The healthcare provider prescribes an indwelling urinary catheter for a client with urinary retention. Which intervention, along with strict aseptic technique, will decrease the risk of infection for this procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)Unless contraindicated, the additional step of using an anesthetic lubricating gel promotes comfort and protects fragile urethral tissues from trauma, and therefore reduces risk for a catheter-associated UTI. Irrigating the catheter should not be done because it can introduce infection by allowing bacteria to enter the closed urinary drainage system. Although voiding around the catheter will decrease bladder spasms, it will not help reduce infection. The balloon is not inflated until the catheter is in the bladder, in order to prevent trauma to the urethra and therefore decrease the risk of infection.
B)Unless contraindicated, the additional step of using an anesthetic lubricating gel promotes comfort and protects fragile urethral tissues from trauma, and therefore reduces risk for a catheter-associated UTI. Irrigating the catheter should not be done because it can introduce infection by allowing bacteria to enter the closed urinary drainage system. Although voiding around the catheter will decrease bladder spasms, it will not help reduce infection. The balloon is not inflated until the catheter is in the bladder, in order to prevent trauma to the urethra and therefore decrease the risk of infection.
C)Unless contraindicated, the additional step of using an anesthetic lubricating gel promotes comfort and protects fragile urethral tissues from trauma, and therefore reduces risk for a catheter-associated UTI. Irrigating the catheter should not be done because it can introduce infection by allowing bacteria to enter the closed urinary drainage system. Although voiding around the catheter will decrease bladder spasms, it will not help reduce infection. The balloon is not inflated until the catheter is in the bladder, in order to prevent trauma to the urethra and therefore decrease the risk of infection.
D)Unless contraindicated, the additional step of using an anesthetic lubricating gel promotes comfort and protects fragile urethral tissues from trauma, and therefore reduces risk for a catheter-associated UTI. Irrigating the catheter should not be done because it can introduce infection by allowing bacteria to enter the closed urinary drainage system. Although voiding around the catheter will decrease bladder spasms, it will not help reduce infection. The balloon is not inflated until the catheter is in the bladder, in order to prevent trauma to the urethra and therefore decrease the risk of infection.

Question 8

The nurse is providing teaching to parents about urinary tract infections (UTIs)in preschool children. The nurse should inform the parents that which of the following are common symptoms of UTI in this age group? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Clinical manifestations of a UTI in a preschool-age child include fever, urgency, and dysuria. Headache and elevated blood pressure are not clinical manifestations of a UTI for a preschool-age child.
B)Clinical manifestations of a UTI in a preschool-age child include fever, urgency, and dysuria. Headache and elevated blood pressure are not clinical manifestations of a UTI for a preschool-age child.
C)Clinical manifestations of a UTI in a preschool-age child include fever, urgency, and dysuria. Headache and elevated blood pressure are not clinical manifestations of a UTI for a preschool-age child.
D)Clinical manifestations of a UTI in a preschool-age child include fever, urgency, and dysuria. Headache and elevated blood pressure are not clinical manifestations of a UTI for a preschool-age child.
E)Clinical manifestations of a UTI in a preschool-age child include fever, urgency, and dysuria. Headache and elevated blood pressure are not clinical manifestations of a UTI for a preschool-age child.

Question 9

A nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis (TB)who is taking rifampin for treatment of the disease. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for this client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Rifampin is an oral antituberculosis medication that should be administered on an empty stomach. The nurse should monitor the CBC, liver function studies, and renal function studies. A baseline visual examination before therapy is necessary with ethambutol, another antituberculosis medication.
B)Rifampin is an oral antituberculosis medication that should be administered on an empty stomach. The nurse should monitor the CBC, liver function studies, and renal function studies. A baseline visual examination before therapy is necessary with ethambutol, another antituberculosis medication.
C)Rifampin is an oral antituberculosis medication that should be administered on an empty stomach. The nurse should monitor the CBC, liver function studies, and renal function studies. A baseline visual examination before therapy is necessary with ethambutol, another antituberculosis medication.
D)Rifampin is an oral antituberculosis medication that should be administered on an empty stomach. The nurse should monitor the CBC, liver function studies, and renal function studies. A baseline visual examination before therapy is necessary with ethambutol, another antituberculosis medication.
E)Rifampin is an oral antituberculosis medication that should be administered on an empty stomach. The nurse should monitor the CBC, liver function studies, and renal function studies. A baseline visual examination before therapy is necessary with ethambutol, another antituberculosis medication.

Question 10

The infecting organism that causes tuberculosis is

Accepted Answer

A)Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Micrococcus, Microbacterium, and Mycoplasma are all other forms of bacteria, but they do not cause tuberculosis.
B)Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Micrococcus, Microbacterium, and Mycoplasma are all other forms of bacteria, but they do not cause tuberculosis.
C)Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Micrococcus, Microbacterium, and Mycoplasma are all other forms of bacteria, but they do not cause tuberculosis.
D)Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Micrococcus, Microbacterium, and Mycoplasma are all other forms of bacteria, but they do not cause tuberculosis.

Question 11

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI). The client is prescribed a 3-day course of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ). Which client statement indicates that teaching has been effective?

Accepted Answer

A)It is essential to validate eradication of infection with a follow-up culture that is negative. Doing Kegel exercises and wearing cotton underwear are both useful in prevention of future urinary tract infections, but they are not the best evaluation of effectiveness of teaching. Citrus juices will not increase acidity of urine and therefore are not recommended when a client has a UTI.
B)It is essential to validate eradication of infection with a follow-up culture that is negative. Doing Kegel exercises and wearing cotton underwear are both useful in prevention of future urinary tract infections, but they are not the best evaluation of effectiveness of teaching. Citrus juices will not increase acidity of urine and therefore are not recommended when a client has a UTI.
C)It is essential to validate eradication of infection with a follow-up culture that is negative. Doing Kegel exercises and wearing cotton underwear are both useful in prevention of future urinary tract infections, but they are not the best evaluation of effectiveness of teaching. Citrus juices will not increase acidity of urine and therefore are not recommended when a client has a UTI.
D)It is essential to validate eradication of infection with a follow-up culture that is negative. Doing Kegel exercises and wearing cotton underwear are both useful in prevention of future urinary tract infections, but they are not the best evaluation of effectiveness of teaching. Citrus juices will not increase acidity of urine and therefore are not recommended when a client has a UTI.

Question 12

The nurse has provided teaching on multidrug treatment to a client with tuberculosis. Which statement by the client indicates that the teaching was effective?

Accepted Answer

A)Tuberculosis bacilli are likely to develop resistance to one drug, so multiple drugs must be used. Treatment must be continued long after the client is no longer contagious. There is no indication that the client contracted TB from an immigrant. Drugs to treat tuberculosis do not cause immunity to the disease.
B)Tuberculosis bacilli are likely to develop resistance to one drug, so multiple drugs must be used. Treatment must be continued long after the client is no longer contagious. There is no indication that the client contracted TB from an immigrant. Drugs to treat tuberculosis do not cause immunity to the disease.
C)Tuberculosis bacilli are likely to develop resistance to one drug, so multiple drugs must be used. Treatment must be continued long after the client is no longer contagious. There is no indication that the client contracted TB from an immigrant. Drugs to treat tuberculosis do not cause immunity to the disease.
D)Tuberculosis bacilli are likely to develop resistance to one drug, so multiple drugs must be used. Treatment must be continued long after the client is no longer contagious. There is no indication that the client contracted TB from an immigrant. Drugs to treat tuberculosis do not cause immunity to the disease.

Question 13

An adult client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of kidney stones. The healthcare provider prescribes IV fluids, x-rays, blood work, and a Foley catheter for the client. The nurse is caring for the client 3 days after admission and documents morning vital signs of 101°F, heart rate 92, respirations 25, and blood pressure 120/80. The urinary output has decreased, and the urine is cloudy and dark amber. Based on this data, which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)The client has developed a urinary tract infection that was not present upon admission. This is a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)and is likely due to poor technique when placing the Foley catheter. There is no evidence of a respiratory infections, renal failure, or the passage of kidney stones.
B)The client has developed a urinary tract infection that was not present upon admission. This is a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)and is likely due to poor technique when placing the Foley catheter. There is no evidence of a respiratory infections, renal failure, or the passage of kidney stones.
C)The client has developed a urinary tract infection that was not present upon admission. This is a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)and is likely due to poor technique when placing the Foley catheter. There is no evidence of a respiratory infections, renal failure, or the passage of kidney stones.
D)The client has developed a urinary tract infection that was not present upon admission. This is a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)and is likely due to poor technique when placing the Foley catheter. There is no evidence of a respiratory infections, renal failure, or the passage of kidney stones.

Question 14

The most common source for bacteria that cause a urinary tract infection is

Accepted Answer

A)Pathogens usually enter the urinary tract by ascending from the mucous membranes of the perineal area into the lower urinary tract. The hands and clothing are potential sources of bacteria that cause a UTI, but they are not the most common. The presence of a catheter is a risk factor for development of a UTI, but the source of bacteria is still often the mucous membranes of the perineal tract or some other source, not the catheter itself.
B)Pathogens usually enter the urinary tract by ascending from the mucous membranes of the perineal area into the lower urinary tract. The hands and clothing are potential sources of bacteria that cause a UTI, but they are not the most common. The presence of a catheter is a risk factor for development of a UTI, but the source of bacteria is still often the mucous membranes of the perineal tract or some other source, not the catheter itself.
C)Pathogens usually enter the urinary tract by ascending from the mucous membranes of the perineal area into the lower urinary tract. The hands and clothing are potential sources of bacteria that cause a UTI, but they are not the most common. The presence of a catheter is a risk factor for development of a UTI, but the source of bacteria is still often the mucous membranes of the perineal tract or some other source, not the catheter itself.
D)Pathogens usually enter the urinary tract by ascending from the mucous membranes of the perineal area into the lower urinary tract. The hands and clothing are potential sources of bacteria that cause a UTI, but they are not the most common. The presence of a catheter is a risk factor for development of a UTI, but the source of bacteria is still often the mucous membranes of the perineal tract or some other source, not the catheter itself.

Question 15

The most common type of upper urinary tract infection that results from bacteria ascending to the kidney from the lower respiratory tract is

Accepted Answer

A)Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the renal pelvis and parenchyma. This is the most common upper urinary tract infection. Urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), cystitis, inflammation of the urinary bladder), and prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland)are all lower urinary tract infections.
B)Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the renal pelvis and parenchyma. This is the most common upper urinary tract infection. Urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), cystitis, inflammation of the urinary bladder), and prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland)are all lower urinary tract infections.
C)Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the renal pelvis and parenchyma. This is the most common upper urinary tract infection. Urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), cystitis, inflammation of the urinary bladder), and prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland)are all lower urinary tract infections.
D)Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the renal pelvis and parenchyma. This is the most common upper urinary tract infection. Urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), cystitis, inflammation of the urinary bladder), and prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland)are all lower urinary tract infections.

Question 16

The nurse caring for a client at risk for tuberculosis (TB)should include which symptoms of the disease when educating the client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Manifestations of tuberculosis often develop insidiously and are initially nonspecific. Fatigue, weight loss, diminished appetite, low-grade afternoon fever, and night sweats are common. A dry cough develops, which later becomes productive of purulent and/or blood-tinged sputum. It is often at this stage that the client first seeks medical attention.
B)Manifestations of tuberculosis often develop insidiously and are initially nonspecific. Fatigue, weight loss, diminished appetite, low-grade afternoon fever, and night sweats are common. A dry cough develops, which later becomes productive of purulent and/or blood-tinged sputum. It is often at this stage that the client first seeks medical attention.
C)Manifestations of tuberculosis often develop insidiously and are initially nonspecific. Fatigue, weight loss, diminished appetite, low-grade afternoon fever, and night sweats are common. A dry cough develops, which later becomes productive of purulent and/or blood-tinged sputum. It is often at this stage that the client first seeks medical attention.
D)Manifestations of tuberculosis often develop insidiously and are initially nonspecific. Fatigue, weight loss, diminished appetite, low-grade afternoon fever, and night sweats are common. A dry cough develops, which later becomes productive of purulent and/or blood-tinged sputum. It is often at this stage that the client first seeks medical attention.
E)Manifestations of tuberculosis often develop insidiously and are initially nonspecific. Fatigue, weight loss, diminished appetite, low-grade afternoon fever, and night sweats are common. A dry cough develops, which later becomes productive of purulent and/or blood-tinged sputum. It is often at this stage that the client first seeks medical attention.

Question 17

Which question best helps the nurse establish a common cause of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)in a preadolescent female client?

Accepted Answer

A)The most important teaching to provide females is always to wipe the perianal/genital area from front to back. Escherichia coli are the most common microorganisms responsible for urinary tract infections and can easily be dragged into the urethral orifice by wiping from the anus to the urethra after defecation. Females do have a shorter urethra compared with males and are more susceptible to urinary tract infections for this reason. Personal hygiene practices, such as cleansing after a bowel movement, are a priority teaching instruction to include for this client. Urinary tract infections are not associated with families or genetics.
B)The most important teaching to provide females is always to wipe the perianal/genital area from front to back. Escherichia coli are the most common microorganisms responsible for urinary tract infections and can easily be dragged into the urethral orifice by wiping from the anus to the urethra after defecation. Females do have a shorter urethra compared with males and are more susceptible to urinary tract infections for this reason. Personal hygiene practices, such as cleansing after a bowel movement, are a priority teaching instruction to include for this client. Urinary tract infections are not associated with families or genetics.
C)The most important teaching to provide females is always to wipe the perianal/genital area from front to back. Escherichia coli are the most common microorganisms responsible for urinary tract infections and can easily be dragged into the urethral orifice by wiping from the anus to the urethra after defecation. Females do have a shorter urethra compared with males and are more susceptible to urinary tract infections for this reason. Personal hygiene practices, such as cleansing after a bowel movement, are a priority teaching instruction to include for this client. Urinary tract infections are not associated with families or genetics.
D)The most important teaching to provide females is always to wipe the perianal/genital area from front to back. Escherichia coli are the most common microorganisms responsible for urinary tract infections and can easily be dragged into the urethral orifice by wiping from the anus to the urethra after defecation. Females do have a shorter urethra compared with males and are more susceptible to urinary tract infections for this reason. Personal hygiene practices, such as cleansing after a bowel movement, are a priority teaching instruction to include for this client. Urinary tract infections are not associated with families or genetics.

Question 18

An occupational health nurse is screening a new employee in a long-term care facility for tuberculosis (TB). The employee questions why purified protein derivative (PPD)testing is done twice. Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)PPD testing is done in a two-step process for people who work in long-term care facilities because of the risk of false-negative responses. Treatment for TB for 6 months is not a reason to complete the PPD twice. PPD testing is not done twice because different medication is used. Evaluating the test at the wrong interval is not the reason that the PPD is done twice for long-term care facility employees.
B)PPD testing is done in a two-step process for people who work in long-term care facilities because of the risk of false-negative responses. Treatment for TB for 6 months is not a reason to complete the PPD twice. PPD testing is not done twice because different medication is used. Evaluating the test at the wrong interval is not the reason that the PPD is done twice for long-term care facility employees.
C)PPD testing is done in a two-step process for people who work in long-term care facilities because of the risk of false-negative responses. Treatment for TB for 6 months is not a reason to complete the PPD twice. PPD testing is not done twice because different medication is used. Evaluating the test at the wrong interval is not the reason that the PPD is done twice for long-term care facility employees.
D)PPD testing is done in a two-step process for people who work in long-term care facilities because of the risk of false-negative responses. Treatment for TB for 6 months is not a reason to complete the PPD twice. PPD testing is not done twice because different medication is used. Evaluating the test at the wrong interval is not the reason that the PPD is done twice for long-term care facility employees.

Question 19

The nurse in an urgent care center assesses a 40-year-old adult client who presents with a fever of 101.2°F and complaints of painful urination. What should the nurse ask to elicit further data that indicate cystitis?

Accepted Answer

A)The classic symptoms of cystitis include dysuria or painful urination, urinary frequency and urgency, and bloody urine or hematuria. A 40-year-old client who presents with a fever and painful urination is not experiencing symptoms of menopause. Asking about fever and chills is not specific to suspected cystitis and does not elicit information related to urinary symptoms. Pain from cystitis is typically suprapubic, not upper abdominal.
B)The classic symptoms of cystitis include dysuria or painful urination, urinary frequency and urgency, and bloody urine or hematuria. A 40-year-old client who presents with a fever and painful urination is not experiencing symptoms of menopause. Asking about fever and chills is not specific to suspected cystitis and does not elicit information related to urinary symptoms. Pain from cystitis is typically suprapubic, not upper abdominal.
C)The classic symptoms of cystitis include dysuria or painful urination, urinary frequency and urgency, and bloody urine or hematuria. A 40-year-old client who presents with a fever and painful urination is not experiencing symptoms of menopause. Asking about fever and chills is not specific to suspected cystitis and does not elicit information related to urinary symptoms. Pain from cystitis is typically suprapubic, not upper abdominal.
D)The classic symptoms of cystitis include dysuria or painful urination, urinary frequency and urgency, and bloody urine or hematuria. A 40-year-old client who presents with a fever and painful urination is not experiencing symptoms of menopause. Asking about fever and chills is not specific to suspected cystitis and does not elicit information related to urinary symptoms. Pain from cystitis is typically suprapubic, not upper abdominal.

Question 20

The nurse is providing teaching to the family of an older adult client with a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which common early symptom that is likely to occur in older adults should the nurse stress?

Accepted Answer

A)The early manifestations of UTI are different for older adults than for younger adults. Older adult clients are often asymptomatic until changes in cognition occur.
B)The early manifestations of UTI are different for older adults than for younger adults. Older adult clients are often asymptomatic until changes in cognition occur.
C)The early manifestations of UTI are different for older adults than for younger adults. Older adult clients are often asymptomatic until changes in cognition occur.
D)The early manifestations of UTI are different for older adults than for younger adults. Older adult clients are often asymptomatic until changes in cognition occur.

Quiz 9: Infection

The charge nurse for a medical-surgical unit is notified that a client with tuberculosis (TB) is being transported to the unit. Which actions for infection prevention are the most appropriate in this circumstance? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the unit with tuberculosis (TB) . Which type of isolation room is most appropriate?

A mother brings in her 6-year-old daughter with signs and symptoms of fever, reduced voiding, uncontrolled voiding, and pain during urination. The daughter is diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. Which nursing outcome is most appropriate for this client?

The nurse for a urology clinic is planning an in-service about urinary infections for a group of novice nurses. Which statement should the nurse include in the presentation?

A client with a previously healed tuberculosis lesion experiences lesion rupture that leads to active disease. Which type of tuberculosis does this client have?

The healthcare provider prescribes an indwelling urinary catheter for a client with urinary retention. Which intervention, along with strict aseptic technique, will decrease the risk of infection for this procedure?

The nurse is providing teaching to parents about urinary tract infections (UTIs) in preschool children. The nurse should inform the parents that which of the following are common symptoms of UTI in this age group? Select all that apply.

A nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis (TB) who is taking rifampin for treatment of the disease. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for this client? Select all that apply.

The infecting organism that causes tuberculosis is

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI) . The client is prescribed a 3-day course of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) . Which client statement indicates that teaching has been effective?

The nurse has provided teaching on multidrug treatment to a client with tuberculosis. Which statement by the client indicates that the teaching was effective?

The most common source for bacteria that cause a urinary tract infection is

The most common type of upper urinary tract infection that results from bacteria ascending to the kidney from the lower respiratory tract is

The nurse caring for a client at risk for tuberculosis (TB) should include which symptoms of the disease when educating the client? Select all that apply.

Which question best helps the nurse establish a common cause of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a preadolescent female client?

An occupational health nurse is screening a new employee in a long-term care facility for tuberculosis (TB) . The employee questions why purified protein derivative (PPD) testing is done twice. Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

The nurse in an urgent care center assesses a 40-year-old adult client who presents with a fever of 101.2°F and complaints of painful urination. What should the nurse ask to elicit further data that indicate cystitis?

The nurse is providing teaching to the family of an older adult client with a urinary tract infection (UTI) . Which common early symptom that is likely to occur in older adults should the nurse stress?