Question 1

The nurse understands that bipolar disorders affect clients differently across the lifespan. Which is true regarding bipolar disorder and lifespan considerations?

Accepted Answer

A)Lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorders in adolescents is 0-3%. Children with bipolar disorders present with mood and behavioral changes. Children with bipolar disorders can exhibit violent temper tantrums. Suicide risk is increased among all age groups with bipolar disorders.
B)Lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorders in adolescents is 0-3%. Children with bipolar disorders present with mood and behavioral changes. Children with bipolar disorders can exhibit violent temper tantrums. Suicide risk is increased among all age groups with bipolar disorders.
C)Lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorders in adolescents is 0-3%. Children with bipolar disorders present with mood and behavioral changes. Children with bipolar disorders can exhibit violent temper tantrums. Suicide risk is increased among all age groups with bipolar disorders.
D)Lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorders in adolescents is 0-3%. Children with bipolar disorders present with mood and behavioral changes. Children with bipolar disorders can exhibit violent temper tantrums. Suicide risk is increased among all age groups with bipolar disorders.

Question 2

A client in the manic phase of bipolar disorder will not sit down to eat. Which can the nurse do to ensure adequate nutrition and improved self-care of this client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)The client who is unable to sit down and eat is most likely to consume frequent small snacks that can be eaten "on the go." The nurse should discuss with a dietitian to ensure that high-calorie finger foods and nutritious liquids are available on the nursing unit until the client is able to attend regular meals. Sedating, restraining, and providing intravenous therapy are not appropriate interventions and should not be done.
B)The client who is unable to sit down and eat is most likely to consume frequent small snacks that can be eaten "on the go." The nurse should discuss with a dietitian to ensure that high-calorie finger foods and nutritious liquids are available on the nursing unit until the client is able to attend regular meals. Sedating, restraining, and providing intravenous therapy are not appropriate interventions and should not be done.
C)The client who is unable to sit down and eat is most likely to consume frequent small snacks that can be eaten "on the go." The nurse should discuss with a dietitian to ensure that high-calorie finger foods and nutritious liquids are available on the nursing unit until the client is able to attend regular meals. Sedating, restraining, and providing intravenous therapy are not appropriate interventions and should not be done.
D)The client who is unable to sit down and eat is most likely to consume frequent small snacks that can be eaten "on the go." The nurse should discuss with a dietitian to ensure that high-calorie finger foods and nutritious liquids are available on the nursing unit until the client is able to attend regular meals. Sedating, restraining, and providing intravenous therapy are not appropriate interventions and should not be done.
E)The client who is unable to sit down and eat is most likely to consume frequent small snacks that can be eaten "on the go." The nurse should discuss with a dietitian to ensure that high-calorie finger foods and nutritious liquids are available on the nursing unit until the client is able to attend regular meals. Sedating, restraining, and providing intravenous therapy are not appropriate interventions and should not be done.

Question 3

Which individual has the most risk factors for depression?

Accepted Answer

A)The 19-year-old woman has three risk factors for depression (female gender, history of child abuse, lower education). The other individuals have only one or two risk factors for depression.
B)The 19-year-old woman has three risk factors for depression (female gender, history of child abuse, lower education). The other individuals have only one or two risk factors for depression.
C)The 19-year-old woman has three risk factors for depression (female gender, history of child abuse, lower education). The other individuals have only one or two risk factors for depression.
D)The 19-year-old woman has three risk factors for depression (female gender, history of child abuse, lower education). The other individuals have only one or two risk factors for depression.

Question 4

The nurse is assessing a client who is 4 weeks postpartum. The client reports having no appetite and wanting to sleep all day. What does this information suggest to the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)Lack of appetite and the desire to sleep are symptoms of developing postpartum depression. The client could be developing postpartum depression and not just "the blues." The client would need to have more acute symptoms such as hearing voices to consider postpartum psychosis. The nurse has no way of knowing what the client's sleep-wake cycle is, so this choice is incorrect.
B)Lack of appetite and the desire to sleep are symptoms of developing postpartum depression. The client could be developing postpartum depression and not just "the blues." The client would need to have more acute symptoms such as hearing voices to consider postpartum psychosis. The nurse has no way of knowing what the client's sleep-wake cycle is, so this choice is incorrect.
C)Lack of appetite and the desire to sleep are symptoms of developing postpartum depression. The client could be developing postpartum depression and not just "the blues." The client would need to have more acute symptoms such as hearing voices to consider postpartum psychosis. The nurse has no way of knowing what the client's sleep-wake cycle is, so this choice is incorrect.
D)Lack of appetite and the desire to sleep are symptoms of developing postpartum depression. The client could be developing postpartum depression and not just "the blues." The client would need to have more acute symptoms such as hearing voices to consider postpartum psychosis. The nurse has no way of knowing what the client's sleep-wake cycle is, so this choice is incorrect.

Question 5

The nurse is providing care for a client who is experiencing situational depression after the death of her mother. During the assessment, the nurse learns that the client has returned to work, is caring for her family, and spends quiet time reflecting on her life and future. Which conclusion by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)The client has returned to work, cares for her family, and reflects on her life and future. Clients who are working through the grief process tend to participate in activities as they begin to heal. The client is not denying the death of her mother. The client is not demonstrating anxiety or ineffective coping.
B)The client has returned to work, cares for her family, and reflects on her life and future. Clients who are working through the grief process tend to participate in activities as they begin to heal. The client is not denying the death of her mother. The client is not demonstrating anxiety or ineffective coping.
C)The client has returned to work, cares for her family, and reflects on her life and future. Clients who are working through the grief process tend to participate in activities as they begin to heal. The client is not denying the death of her mother. The client is not demonstrating anxiety or ineffective coping.
D)The client has returned to work, cares for her family, and reflects on her life and future. Clients who are working through the grief process tend to participate in activities as they begin to heal. The client is not denying the death of her mother. The client is not demonstrating anxiety or ineffective coping.

Question 6

Which molecule has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression?

Accepted Answer

A)Several different neurotransmitters have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, including serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glutamate. The other molecules have not been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression.
B)Several different neurotransmitters have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, including serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glutamate. The other molecules have not been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression.
C)Several different neurotransmitters have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, including serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glutamate. The other molecules have not been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression.
D)Several different neurotransmitters have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, including serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glutamate. The other molecules have not been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression.

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a client with bipolar disorder who has expressed the desire to harm self. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client?

Accepted Answer

A)The priority for a client with bipolar disorder and suicidal ideas is safety. Risk for Suicide is the nursing diagnosis that would address safety for the client. The other diagnoses have a lower priority and can be addressed once safety has been ensured.
B)The priority for a client with bipolar disorder and suicidal ideas is safety. Risk for Suicide is the nursing diagnosis that would address safety for the client. The other diagnoses have a lower priority and can be addressed once safety has been ensured.
C)The priority for a client with bipolar disorder and suicidal ideas is safety. Risk for Suicide is the nursing diagnosis that would address safety for the client. The other diagnoses have a lower priority and can be addressed once safety has been ensured.
D)The priority for a client with bipolar disorder and suicidal ideas is safety. Risk for Suicide is the nursing diagnosis that would address safety for the client. The other diagnoses have a lower priority and can be addressed once safety has been ensured.

Question 8

The home care nurse is planning care for a client with a history of postpartum depression after the births of all her children. Based on this data, which will the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Because the client has a history of postpartum depression with other children, the nurse needs to plan prevention strategies for the client. By taking advantage of those who want to help and maintaining outside interests, the client may prevent the onset of postpartum depression. Instructing to eat a healthful diet with limited alcohol intake and get adequate sleep are other strategies to prevent postpartum depression. The other interventions would not help prevent postpartum depression.
B)Because the client has a history of postpartum depression with other children, the nurse needs to plan prevention strategies for the client. By taking advantage of those who want to help and maintaining outside interests, the client may prevent the onset of postpartum depression. Instructing to eat a healthful diet with limited alcohol intake and g get adequate sleep are other strategies to prevent postpartum depression. The other interventions would not help prevent postpartum depression.
C)Because the client has a history of postpartum depression with other children, the nurse needs to plan prevention strategies for the client. By taking advantage of those who want to help and maintaining outside interests, the client may prevent the onset of postpartum depression. Instructing to eat a healthful diet with limited alcohol intake and get adequate sleep are other strategies to prevent postpartum depression. The other interventions would not help prevent postpartum depression.
D)Because the client has a history of postpartum depression with other children, the nurse needs to plan prevention strategies for the client. By taking advantage of those who want to help and maintaining outside interests, the client may prevent the onset of postpartum depression. Instructing to eat a healthful diet with limited alcohol intake and get adequate sleep are other strategies to prevent postpartum depression. The other interventions would not help prevent postpartum depression.
E)Because the client has a history of postpartum depression with other children, the nurse needs to plan prevention strategies for the client. By taking advantage of those who want to help and maintaining outside interests, the client may prevent the onset of postpartum depression. Instructing to eat a healthful diet with limited alcohol intake and get adequate sleep are other strategies to prevent postpartum depression. The other interventions would not help prevent postpartum depression.

Question 9

Which client observation indicates that interventions provided to a client in the manic phase of bipolar disorder have improved self-care activities?

Accepted Answer

A)The client completing a morning bath and changing clothes are evidence that the interventions succeeded in improving the client's self-care activities. The client needing to be reminded to brush teeth or wash hands after toileting would not be a successful outcome. The client cleaning spilled liquid on the floor but not changing clothes is not evidence of improvement in self-care activities.
B)The client completing a morning bath and changing clothes are evidence that the interventions succeeded in improving the client's self-care activities. The client needing to be reminded to brush teeth or wash hands after toileting would not be a successful outcome. The client cleaning spilled liquid on the floor but not changing clothes is not evidence of improvement in self-care activities.
C)The client completing a morning bath and changing clothes are evidence that the interventions succeeded in improving the client's self-care activities. The client needing to be reminded to brush teeth or wash hands after toileting would not be a successful outcome. The client cleaning spilled liquid on the floor but not changing clothes is not evidence of improvement in self-care activities.
D)The client completing a morning bath and changing clothes are evidence that the interventions succeeded in improving the client's self-care activities. The client needing to be reminded to brush teeth or wash hands after toileting would not be a successful outcome. The client cleaning spilled liquid on the floor but not changing clothes is not evidence of improvement in self-care activities.

Question 10

A student nurse is assisting in the care of a client with bipolar disorder. The student nurse researches the disorder further, focusing on the pathophysiology and etiology of the disorder. Which are true regarding the pathophysiology and etiology of bipolar disorder? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorders share biological susceptibility and inheritance patterns. All other choices are correct.
B)Bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorders share biological susceptibility and inheritance patterns. All other choices are correct.
C)Bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorders share biological susceptibility and inheritance patterns. All other choices are correct.
D)Bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorders share biological susceptibility and inheritance patterns. All other choices are correct.
E)Bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorders share biological susceptibility and inheritance patterns. All other choices are correct.

Question 11

The nurse is providing care to a client who is exhibiting manifestations of a mood disorder. Which assessment findings indicate that the client may be at an increased risk for bipolar disorder? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Risk factors for bipolar disorder include a family history of bipolar disorders, drug abuse, periods of very high stress, and a major life-altering event. A blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg does not put a client at risk for bipolar disorders. Being employed and working out regularly are not risk factors for bipolar disorders.
B)Risk factors for bipolar disorder include a family history of bipolar disorders, drug abuse, periods of very high stress, and a major life-altering event. A blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg does not put a client at risk for bipolar disorders. Being employed and working out regularly are not risk factors for bipolar disorders.
C)Risk factors for bipolar disorder include a family history of bipolar disorders, drug abuse, periods of very high stress, and a major life-altering event. A blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg does not put a client at risk for bipolar disorders. Being employed and working out regularly are not risk factors for bipolar disorders.
D)Risk factors for bipolar disorder include a family history of bipolar disorders, drug abuse, periods of very high stress, and a major life-altering event. A blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg does not put a client at risk for bipolar disorders. Being employed and working out regularly are not risk factors for bipolar disorders.
E)Risk factors for bipolar disorder include a family history of bipolar disorders, drug abuse, periods of very high stress, and a major life-altering event. A blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg does not put a client at risk for bipolar disorders. Being employed and working out regularly are not risk factors for bipolar disorders.

Question 12

The postpartum client states that she cannot understand why she does not enjoy being with her baby. Based on this data, which does the nurse suspect the client is experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A)Postpartum depression is characterized by feelings of failure and self-accusation, among others. Postpartum psychosis is more severe, and includes hallucinations and irrationality, which are not represented in this situation. Postpartum infection has nothing to do with this situation. Postpartum blues is characterized by mild depression interspersed with happier feelings, and is self-limiting.
B)Postpartum depression is characterized by feelings of failure and self-accusation, among others. Postpartum psychosis is more severe, and includes hallucinations and irrationality, which are not represented in this situation. Postpartum infection has nothing to do with this situation. Postpartum blues is characterized by mild depression interspersed with happier feelings, and is self-limiting.
C)Postpartum depression is characterized by feelings of failure and self-accusation, among others. Postpartum psychosis is more severe, and includes hallucinations and irrationality, which are not represented in this situation. Postpartum infection has nothing to do with this situation. Postpartum blues is characterized by mild depression interspersed with happier feelings, and is self-limiting.
D)Postpartum depression is characterized by feelings of failure and self-accusation, among others. Postpartum psychosis is more severe, and includes hallucinations and irrationality, which are not represented in this situation. Postpartum infection has nothing to do with this situation. Postpartum blues is characterized by mild depression interspersed with happier feelings, and is self-limiting.

Question 13

The nurse caring for a postpartum client would consider the nursing diagnosis of ineffective coping when the client demonstrates which behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)The postpartum client who is lying in bed in a darkened room and not wanting to spend time with the new baby is demonstrating signs of ineffective coping. The other behaviors would not indicate ineffective copying but rather effective coping.
B)The postpartum client who is lying in bed in a darkened room and not wanting to spend time with the new baby is demonstrating signs of ineffective coping. The other behaviors would not indicate ineffective copying but rather effective coping.
C)The postpartum client who is lying in bed in a darkened room and not wanting to spend time with the new baby is demonstrating signs of ineffective coping. The other behaviors would not indicate ineffective copying but rather effective coping.
D)The postpartum client who is lying in bed in a darkened room and not wanting to spend time with the new baby is demonstrating signs of ineffective coping. The other behaviors would not indicate ineffective copying but rather effective coping.

Question 14

A client in the manic phase of bipolar disorder is unable to sleep during the night. Which interventions could be helpful to this client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)To promote sleep during the night, the nurse should decrease lighting and noise, encourage pre-sleep routines like a warm bath, and provide a snack. Listening to soothing music also helps to promote sleep. Stimulation such as watching television and long conversations should be avoided. To promote nighttime sleeping, daytime naps should be limited and not extended.
B)To promote sleep during the night, the nurse should decrease lighting and noise, encourage pre-sleep routines like a warm bath, and provide a snack. Listening to soothing music also helps to promote sleep. Stimulation such as watching television and long conversations should be avoided. To promote nighttime sleeping, daytime naps should be limited and not extended.
C)To promote sleep during the night, the nurse should decrease lighting and noise, encourage pre-sleep routines like a warm bath, and provide a snack. Listening to soothing music also helps to promote sleep. Stimulation such as watching television and long conversations should be avoided. To promote nighttime sleeping, daytime naps should be limited and not extended.
D)To promote sleep during the night, the nurse should decrease lighting and noise, encourage pre-sleep routines like a warm bath, and provide a snack. Listening to soothing music also helps to promote sleep. Stimulation such as watching television and long conversations should be avoided. To promote nighttime sleeping, daytime naps should be limited and not extended.
E)To promote sleep during the night, the nurse should decrease lighting and noise, encourage pre-sleep routines like a warm bath, and provide a snack. Listening to soothing music also helps to promote sleep. Stimulation such as watching television and long conversations should be avoided. To promote nighttime sleeping, daytime naps should be limited and not extended.

Question 15

Which statement about bipolar disorder is true?

Accepted Answer

A)Up to 20% of clients with bipolar disorder will not experience any recovery between alternating episodes of hypomania and depression. Bipolar episodes tend to increase in frequency with age. Many patients return to normal functioning during remission periods; only 30% exhibit functional impairment at work during remission. Bipolar disorders typically appear between the ages of 15 and 30.
B)Up to 20% of clients with bipolar disorder will not experience any recovery between alternating episodes of hypomania and depression. Bipolar episodes tend to increase in frequency with age. Many patients return to normal functioning during remission periods; only 30% exhibit functional impairment at work during remission. Bipolar disorders typically appear between the ages of 15 and 30.
C)Up to 20% of clients with bipolar disorder will not experience any recovery between alternating episodes of hypomania and depression. Bipolar episodes tend to increase in frequency with age. Many patients return to normal functioning during remission periods; only 30% exhibit functional impairment at work during remission. Bipolar disorders typically appear between the ages of 15 and 30.
D)Up to 20% of clients with bipolar disorder will not experience any recovery between alternating episodes of hypomania and depression. Bipolar episodes tend to increase in frequency with age. Many patients return to normal functioning during remission periods; only 30% exhibit functional impairment at work during remission. Bipolar disorders typically appear between the ages of 15 and 30.

Question 16

A woman with bipolar disorder is taking lithium. She continues to take lithium until she realizes she is pregnant, which is 6 weeks into the pregnancy. Which potential adverse effect might the nurse tell the client about when she asks about lithium and pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)The risk for development of heart defects increases with lithium use during the first trimester, so the woman will need counseling related to assessments for potential heart defects. Neural tube defects and craniofacial defects are more common with divalproex (Depakote)administration. Gastrointestinal defects are not commonly associated with medications for bipolar disorder.
B)The risk for development of heart defects increases with lithium use during the first trimester, so the woman will need counseling related to assessments for potential heart defects. Neural tube defects and craniofacial defects are more common with divalproex (Depakote)administration. Gastrointestinal defects are not commonly associated with medications for bipolar disorder.
C)The risk for development of heart defects increases with lithium use during the first trimester, so the woman will need counseling related to assessments for potential heart defects. Neural tube defects and craniofacial defects are more common with divalproex (Depakote)administration. Gastrointestinal defects are not commonly associated with medications for bipolar disorder.
D)The risk for development of heart defects increases with lithium use during the first trimester, so the woman will need counseling related to assessments for potential heart defects. Neural tube defects and craniofacial defects are more common with divalproex (Depakote)administration. Gastrointestinal defects are not commonly associated with medications for bipolar disorder.

Question 17

The nurse is performing an assessment on an 8-year-old child who the mother is concerned has depression. Which symptoms of depression are consistent with a child of this age?

Accepted Answer

A)An 8-year-old child may show a decrease in academic performance, change in physical activity, somatic complaints, and loss of friends. Regression in toilet training is more common for toddlers with depression. Preschoolers may demonstrate symptoms of depression by using self-destructive play themes. Adolescents who are depressed may have poor self-care.
B)An 8-year-old child may show a decrease in academic performance, change in physical activity, somatic complaints, and loss of friends. Regression in toilet training is more common for toddlers with depression. Preschoolers may demonstrate symptoms of depression by using self-destructive play themes. Adolescents who are depressed may have poor self-care.
C)An 8-year-old child may show a decrease in academic performance, change in physical activity, somatic complaints, and loss of friends. Regression in toilet training is more common for toddlers with depression. Preschoolers may demonstrate symptoms of depression by using self-destructive play themes. Adolescents who are depressed may have poor self-care.
D)An 8-year-old child may show a decrease in academic performance, change in physical activity, somatic complaints, and loss of friends. Regression in toilet training is more common for toddlers with depression. Preschoolers may demonstrate symptoms of depression by using self-destructive play themes. Adolescents who are depressed may have poor self-care.

Question 18

The nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with bipolar disorder. The client's family asks the nurse what this is. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)Clients with bipolar disorder shift from depression to elevated mood with increased energy. Bipolar disorder must include either mania or hypomania, not just depression. Bipolar disorder must include depression with either mania or hypomania, not attention deficit disorder. A mood change that becomes worse in the winter is called seasonal affective disorder.
B)Clients with bipolar disorder shift from depression to elevated mood with increased energy. Bipolar disorder must include either mania or hypomania, not just depression. Bipolar disorder must include depression with either mania or hypomania, not attention deficit disorder. A mood change that becomes worse in the winter is called seasonal affective disorder.
C)Clients with bipolar disorder shift from depression to elevated mood with increased energy. Bipolar disorder must include either mania or hypomania, not just depression. Bipolar disorder must include depression with either mania or hypomania, not attention deficit disorder. A mood change that becomes worse in the winter is called seasonal affective disorder.
D)Clients with bipolar disorder shift from depression to elevated mood with increased energy. Bipolar disorder must include either mania or hypomania, not just depression. Bipolar disorder must include depression with either mania or hypomania, not attention deficit disorder. A mood change that becomes worse in the winter is called seasonal affective disorder.

Question 19

The nurse is providing teaching to a 71-year-old client who was prescribed escitalopram (Lexapro)for depression. The client is also taking medication for type II diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. What should the nurse include in her teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)Polypharmacy issues make prescribing for older adults a challenge, and older adults taking psychotropic medications such as escitalopram often require more frequent monitoring and laboratory tests. Memory problems are a symptom of depression in older adults, so any memory problems associated with depression should decrease, not increase, with treatment. Not being able to drive is often a precipitating factor for depression. The client will still need to take other prescribed medications.
B)Polypharmacy issues make prescribing for older adults a challenge, and older adults taking psychotropic medications such as escitalopram often require more frequent monitoring and laboratory tests. Memory problems are a symptom of depression in older adults, so any memory problems associated with depression should decrease, not increase, with treatment. Not being able to drive is often a precipitating factor for depression. The client will still need to take other prescribed medications.
C)Polypharmacy issues make prescribing for older adults a challenge, and older adults taking psychotropic medications such as escitalopram often require more frequent monitoring and laboratory tests. Memory problems are a symptom of depression in older adults, so any memory problems associated with depression should decrease, not increase, with treatment. Not being able to drive is often a precipitating factor for depression. The client will still need to take other prescribed medications.
D)Polypharmacy issues make prescribing for older adults a challenge, and older adults taking psychotropic medications such as escitalopram often require more frequent monitoring and laboratory tests. Memory problems are a symptom of depression in older adults, so any memory problems associated with depression should decrease, not increase, with treatment. Not being able to drive is often a precipitating factor for depression. The client will still need to take other prescribed medications.

Question 20

A client in the manic phase of bipolar disorder is prescribed lithium and has a current lithium blood level of 0.4 mEq/L. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse anticipate when assessing this client?

Accepted Answer

A)A therapeutic lithium level is 0.8-1.2 mEq/L. Because this client's level is low, behaviors will indicate mania, that is, hyperactivity and pressured speech, because the client is in a manic phase. The client will not display a decrease in manic behaviors or a return to baseline behavior. The low lithium levels will not prevent the client from cycling to a depressive phase, but currently the client is in a manic phase, not a depressive phase, so the client will not display signs and symptoms of depression.
B)A therapeutic lithium level is 0.8-1.2 mEq/L. Because this client's level is low, behaviors will indicate mania, that is, hyperactivity and pressured speech, because the client is in a manic phase. The client will not display a decrease in manic behaviors or a return to baseline behavior. The low lithium levels will not prevent the client from cycling to a depressive phase, but currently the client is in a manic phase, not a depressive phase, so the client will not display signs and symptoms of depression.
C)A therapeutic lithium level is 0.8-1.2 mEq/L. Because this client's level is low, behaviors will indicate mania, that is, hyperactivity and pressured speech, because the client is in a manic phase. The client will not display a decrease in manic behaviors or a return to baseline behavior. The low lithium levels will not prevent the client from cycling to a depressive phase, but currently the client is in a manic phase, not a depressive phase, so the client will not display signs and symptoms of depression.
D)A therapeutic lithium level is 0.8-1.2 mEq/L. Because this client's level is low, behaviors will indicate mania, that is, hyperactivity and pressured speech, because the client is in a manic phase. The client will not display a decrease in manic behaviors or a return to baseline behavior. The low lithium levels will not prevent the client from cycling to a depressive phase, but currently the client is in a manic phase, not a depressive phase, so the client will not display signs and symptoms of depression.

Quiz 28: Mood and Effect