Question 1

One possible mechanism to account for the stability of personality traits across generations is the mechanism of _____, whereby humans do not randomly choose partners but rather choose partners who are like themselves on some selected traits.

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Question 2

What is personality? Describe the Big Five model of personality. What are the biological and evolutionary implications of this model? Include a discuss of trait costs and benefits, assortative mating and judgment of personality.

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Question 3

Discuss theory of mind and belief-desire reasoning. What is the "false-belief" task, and how is it used to study the development of theory of mind? What components are involved in the development of the ability to infer other's mental states?

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Question 4

Discuss Bjorklund and Blasi's (2005) six tenets of evolutionary psychology.

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Question 5

Belsky suggests that different infant _____ styles may be productive in difficult environments and may adapt children to life in a world where people and resources are unpredictable, leading to different mating and parenting strategies than are found in children raised in more supportive environments.

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Question 6

Based on his studies of attachment in infant monkeys, Harlow concluded that it is _____ and not feeding per se that binds the infant to the mother.

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Question 7

Discuss Bowlby's research on early attachment relationships. What did he find? Describe the procedure Ainsworth developed to examine attachment styles. What did she find?

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Question 8

_____ play is seen across cultures and often reflects tasks that the children observe their parents or elders engaging it; there is some suggest that it is related to theory of mind.

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Question 9

_____ refers to an individual's particular characteristics, especially behaviors that are consistent over time.

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Question 10

What is the role of play in humans and other mammal species? Discuss Burghardt's (2004) five criteria for characterizing play.

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Question 11

The ability to take another's perspective is referred to as _____; it develops during the preschool years, and is seen as a prerequisite for the ability to engage in pretend play and to lie.

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Question 12

_____ reasoning suggests that you understand another person by inferring what they desire and what they believe; you accomplish this first by knowing your own motivations and then by understanding the other person's motivations may be different.

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Question 13

Initially, it is the mother who offers a _____ to her infant in terms of food, comfort, and protection; as the infant begins to explore on its own, she monitors its behaviors and typically keeps it within arm's length.

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Question 14

_____ is a personality trait associated with curiosity, flexibility, and artistic sensitivity, including imaginativeness and the ability to create a fantasy world.

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Quiz 5: Developmental Processes