Question 1

Differences between males and females in cognitive abilities are

Accepted Answer

The most recent evidence suggests that the cognitive differences between males and females are very small and not significant.

Question 2

One way of inoculating students against stereotype threats is to

Accepted Answer

Believing that intelligence can be improved helps students develop a growth mindset, which can reduce the impact of stereotype threats on academic performance. Students who have a growth mindset believe that their abilities and intelligence can be developed through hard work and determination. This helps them view academic setbacks as opportunities for growth and learning, rather than confirmation of a fixed ability.

Question 3

A socially constructed category based on appearances and ancestry is referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A socially constructed category based on appearances...

Question 4

Mr.Kennedy,a middle-class Caucasian teacher,assigns lower grades when evaluating the work of two Native American students in his high-school physics class than he does for comparable work from other students.The most valid interpretation of Mr.Kennedy's behavior is that he appears to

Accepted Answer

Mr. Kennedy's behavior suggests that he has a negative schema, or negative preconceived beliefs or stereotypes, about Native Americans, which is influencing his grading of their work. This is a form of discrimination and bias. The other choices (A, B, D) do not adequately explain Mr. Kennedy's behavior in this scenario.

Question 5

According to research evidence,which of the following statements about gender differences is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that public school teachers often interact more with boys than with girls, which can be due to various factors such as boys being more likely to call out or demand attention.

Question 6

Barbara has a strong feminine identity,whereas Charles has a strong masculine identity.However,Alex's identity tends to be more androgynous.Based on research on gender-role identities,it would be predicted that Alex is likely to

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that individuals with androgynous identities, like Alex, often have higher self-esteem because they can adapt to a wider range of situations by utilizing both masculine and feminine traits.

Question 7

The term gender is associated with judgments influenced by culture and

Accepted Answer

Gender is not solely determined by biological differences, but is also influenced by cultural factors such as social expectations, norms, and values. Contextual factors such as social roles, relationships, and settings also play a role in shaping gender identities and behaviors. Therefore, the best choice is C - context.

Question 8

As opposed to the term prejudice,the term discrimination refers to

Accepted Answer

Discrimination refers to behavior that treats people unfairly based on their race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, or other characteristics. Prejudice refers to preconceived opinions or attitudes without necessarily acting on them. While attitudes, beliefs, and feelings can contribute to discriminatory behavior, discrimination specifically refers to the action taken against a certain group or individual.

Question 9

Studies of educational discrimination against minority ethnic groups today show that

Accepted Answer

Studies show that there are still disparities in opportunities for minority students to enter top-level professions, indicating that educational discrimination on the basis of race and ethnicity still exists in some form. While progress has been made in increasing representation of African-American and Hispanic students in science fields, there is still work to be done to address systemic barriers to equal access and opportunity. The idea that Hispanic and Asian students lose out on opportunities due to lack of interest is a stereotype that is not supported by data.

Question 10

A group of people who are discriminated against by the dominant culture is called a(n)________ group by sociologists.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A group of people who are discriminated...

Question 11

Aronson and Fried identified "a social predicament rooted in the prevailing American image of African-Americans as intellectually inferior" as being a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Aronson and Fried identified "a social predicament...

Question 12

What group of people has the most stereotyped notions of gender roles?

Accepted Answer

Preschool children have not yet been exposed to as many diverse representations of gender roles in society as older children and adults. This can make their understanding of gender roles more narrow and stereotyped. However, it's important to note that all age groups can have stereotyped notions of gender roles and it's not limited to preschool children.

Question 13

What is the major reason for the development of prejudice?

Accepted Answer

Prejudice is often developed through the learning of cultural values, where individuals adopt the biases and stereotypes prevalent in their society or community.

Question 14

In applying our knowledge of the differences in mathematical abilities between boys and girls,we should remember that

Accepted Answer

The statement that differences in mathematical abilities are based on averages, not individual students, is true. While there may be statistical differences between boys and girls when it comes to math skills, this does not mean that every boy is better than every girl. Each student should be evaluated based on their individual strengths and weaknesses, rather than simply grouping them according to gender.

Question 15

Organized bodies of knowledge about groups of people that affect how we react to them are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Organized bodies of knowledge about groups of...

Question 16

Differences among ethnic groups on tests of cognitive abilities are primarily the product of cultural mismatches,growing up in a low SES environment,or the legacy of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differences among ethnic groups on tests of...

Question 17

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Sexual identity can change over time for some individuals due to a variety of factors including personal experiences, societal attitudes and beliefs, and self-reflection. While some individuals may experience a permanent sexual orientation, others may find that their attraction towards a particular gender or sexual preference may shift or evolve over time.

Question 18

What type(s)of learning approaches would be the most helpful in eliminating gender bias in the classroom?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type(s)of learning approaches would be the...

Question 19

Which one of the following quotations MOST clearly represents the concept of stereotyping?

Accepted Answer

This quotation makes a generalization about people from a certain region without acknowledging individual differences or taking into account that ambition can vary among individuals, demonstrating the concept of stereotyping.

Question 20

Discrimination is the behavior that often accompanies the affective component (feelings,attitudes,etc. )called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discrimination is the behavior that often accompanies...

Quiz 6: Culture and Diversity