Question 1

According to the five-factor model of personality,a person who is incapable of being calm and satisfied with oneself or others is likely to rate high on

Accepted Answer

The trait that best fits someone who is incapable of being calm and satisfied with oneself or others is neuroticism. People who rate high on this trait tend to experience negative emotions frequently, such as anxiety, sadness, and irritability. They may also be easily stressed or overwhelmed and have difficulty handling daily challenges.

Question 2

Holly is independent,imaginative,and interested in trying all kinds of new activities and routines.According to the five-factor model of personality,Holly is most likely to rate high on

Accepted Answer

The five-factor model of personality, which is also called the Big Five personality traits, includes five broad dimensions of personality: neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Holly being independent, imaginative, and interested in trying all kinds of new activities and routines suggests that she is open to experience, which is one of the dimensions of the Big Five personality traits. Therefore, option D, openness to experience, is the most appropriate choice.

Question 3

Which of the following accurately describes the process of factor analysis in the identification of personality traits?

Accepted Answer

Factor analysis is used to identify which traits are related and go together in terms of how they are rated. It does not involve creating operational definitions, examining responses to ambiguous stimuli, or using projective tests to determine durable traits.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true of Murray's personological approach to personality?

Accepted Answer

Murray's personological approach to personality indeed embraced the psychodynamic notion of unconscious motivation, highlighting the importance of internal drives and past experiences in shaping personality. This approach is distinct from those that focus solely on conscious experiences, traits, or the need for unconditional positive regard.

Question 5

Jude is constantly worried.He avoids meeting new people and avoids new situations.He gets anxious if his routine is disturbed and indulges in self-pity.According to the five-factor model of personality,Jude is most likely to rate high on

Accepted Answer

Jude's tendency to worry, avoid new situations, and become anxious when his routine is disturbed are all indicative of high neuroticism. Neuroticism is one of the major dimensions of the five-factor model of personality and is characterized by feelings of anxiety, worry, and self-consciousness. People with high levels of neuroticism tend to experience negative emotions more frequently and intensely than others, and they may have difficulty coping with stress and uncertainty.

Question 6

Jerry,a psychologist,administers the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)to one of his patients.Which of the following procedures is Jerry most likely to use in analyzing the imaginative story narrated by his patient?

Accepted Answer

Content analysis is the most appropriate procedure for analyzing the imaginative stories narrated by the patient in the TAT. This involves identifying and analyzing recurring themes, motives, and emotions in the patient's stories. It helps in understanding the patient's internal conflicts, needs, and psychological processes. Regression analysis, correlation analysis, and meta-analysis are statistical techniques that are not relevant for analyzing qualitative data such as the patient's imaginative stories.

Question 7

According to the five-factor model of personality,which statement best describes the relationship between neuroticism and personality?

Accepted Answer

Neuroticism is a personality trait characterized by emotional instability, anxiety, moodiness, irritability, and sadness. Individuals with low neuroticism tend to be more emotionally stable and are often self-satisfied, as they experience fewer negative emotions.

Question 8

Chris is a bass guitarist in a popular band and enjoys performing on stage.He has a lot of friends and loves to socialize when he is not performing.His home is where all the parties take place,and he loves being the center of attention.According to the five-factor model of personality,Chris's specific traits are most reflective of

Accepted Answer

Chris's enjoyment of performing, love of socializing, and desire to be the center of attention are all indicative of high extraversion, which is reflected in his outgoing and assertive personality.

Question 9

In the five-factor model of personality,_____ is most closely related to liberal values,tolerance,and creativity.

Accepted Answer

Openness to experience is the factor that is most closely related to liberal values, tolerance, and creativity. This trait reflects an individual's willingness to try new things, think creatively, and explore unconventional ideas. It is also associated with a greater acceptance of diversity and a more open-minded approach to social and political issues.

Question 10

Marianne contributes a part of her income to a nonprofit organization for homeless children and spends her free time teaching them.According to the five-factor model of personality,this aspect best reflects the trait of

Accepted Answer

Agreeableness is a trait in the five-factor model of personality that reflects an individual's tendency to be cooperative, empathetic, and helpful towards others. Marianne's behavior of contributing to a nonprofit organization for homeless children and teaching them in her free time signify her agreeable nature. This trait is associated with behaviors that support social harmony and positive relationships with others, which Marianne's actions demonstrate.

Question 11

Octavia enjoys being around others and is well known for her social graces.She is warm and engaging with everyone she meets regardless of whether the setting is the classroom,her workplace,a restaurant,or her own home.Since Octavia has a fairly stable way of relating to other people,it is most likely that her behavior is

Accepted Answer

Octavia's consistent behavior regardless of the setting suggests that her social graces are a personality trait rather than dependent on the situation.

Question 12

_____ are theoretical views stressing that personality consists of broad,enduring dispositions that tend to lead to characteristic responses.

Accepted Answer

Trait theories propose that personality consists of broad, enduring dispositions (traits) that tend to lead to characteristic responses. Humanistic theories emphasize the importance of personal growth and free will, social cognitive perspectives focus on how our environment and cognitive processes shape our behavior, and psychodynamic perspectives emphasize the role of unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences in shaping personality.

Question 13

According to the five-factor model of personality,a person who is rated high on conscientiousness is most likely to be

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the five-factor model of personality,a...

Question 14

Which of the following is a criticism of the humanistic perspectives of personality?

Accepted Answer

One criticism of the humanistic perspectives of personality is that they are too optimistic about human nature, which some argue can lead to an unrealistic view of people and their behavior. Humanistic theories often emphasize the potential for personal growth and self-actualization, which some critics argue ignores the negative aspects of human behavior and the ways in which people can harm others. However, this is not the only criticism of humanistic theories, and some may disagree with this critique.

Question 15

According to the five-factor model of personality,a person who is reserved and somber is most likely to rate

Accepted Answer

The five-factor model of personality includes extraversion as one of its factors. A person who is reserved and somber is likely to display low levels of extraversion, making choice B the correct answer. High energy and negativity are not necessarily related to extraversion, while openness is a separate factor altogether.

Question 16

Which of the following is a criticism of the trait theories of personality?

Accepted Answer

Trait theories of personality tend to focus on stable and enduring characteristics of an individual, and may overlook the role of situational factors in shaping behavior. People may act differently in different situations, and this is not accounted for in trait theories.

Question 17

Which of the following individuals is most likely to obtain a high score on the openness trait of the big five factors of personality?

Accepted Answer

The openness trait is characterized by a willingness to experience new things, be open to different perspectives, and have a vivid imagination. Beverly, who loves experimenting with life, is the most likely to obtain a high score in openness compared to the other options. Kim, who likes to conform to popular opinion, would be less likely to score high in openness. Jillian, who is practical in all her decisions and Jordan, who sticks to strict routines, would also be less likely to score high in openness.

Question 18

According to the five-factor model of personality,a person who is generous and altruistic is most likely to rate high on

Accepted Answer

The trait of being generous and altruistic is characteristic of the agreeableness dimension of the five-factor model of personality. This dimension includes traits such as empathy, kindness, and cooperation, and people who rate high on it tend to be friendly, compassionate, and helpful towards others.

Question 19

Hilda's colleagues find it difficult to work with her on projects as she is uncooperative.They describe Hilda's personality as merciless and untrustworthy According to the five-factor model of personality,Hilda is most likely to be rated

Accepted Answer

Hilda's behavior suggests that she is uncooperative and untrustworthy, which are traits associated with low agreeableness. High scorers on agreeableness are cooperative and easy to work with on projects. Conscientiousness refers to being organized, responsible, and dependable, which does not seem to be the case with Hilda. Neuroticism refers to emotional instability, which may or may not apply to Hilda. Openness to experience refers to being imaginative, curious, and open-minded, which may not apply to Hilda either. Thus, D is the most likely answer.

Question 20

Personology refers to

Accepted Answer

Personology refers to the study of the whole person, encompassing all aspects of an individual's personality, including behavior, cognition, emotions, and motivation. It takes into account various factors that contribute to the development of an individual's unique personality, such as genetics, upbringing, and life experiences.

Quiz 12: Personality