Question 1

How did European monarchs increase their power in the early modern era? What are some of the common characteristics of the new monarchs?

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Question 2

What are some of the social changes that resulted from the growth of capitalism? What groups would have been most threatened by or resistant to these changes?

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Question 3

In what ways can it be said that Isaac Newton's work "symbolized the scientific revolution"? What was his role in the scientific revolution?

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Question 4

What are some the reasons suggested for the widespread persecution of suspected witches in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

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Question 5

What are the characteristics of capitalism in the early modern age? What financial innovations supported the growth of capitalism in Europe?

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Question 6

What were the circumstances of the English Reformation?

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Question 7

What factors encouraged the evolution of a constitutional government in England and the Netherlands?

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Question 8

Examine the philosophy of Adam Smith in An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations,excerpted in the text (see Textbook: Sources from the Past: Adam Smith on the Capitalist Market).Was it typical of the thinkers from this period? What was the heart of his philosophy? How influential was Smith's thought? Why was it so revolutionary?

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Question 9

What factors led to the dramatic population growth of Europe between 1500 and 1700?

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Question 10

Why was Charles V,despite such vast holdings,unable to establish a durable empire? What forces worked against such an empire in the sixteenth century?

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Question 11

How did Louis XIV maintain control over the nobles of France? What were some of the structures of absolutism during his reign?

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Question 12

Three great minds collaborated to shatter the ancient Ptolemaic view of the universe.Note the contributions of Copernicus,Kepler,and Galileo.Who do you think made the most significant contribution? Who took the greatest risk?

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Question 13

What aspects of European culture did Peter I seek to graft onto Russian society? Through what methods did he attempt to modernize his country?

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Question 14

Why did serfdom survive in Russia long after it had died out in western Europe? How did the institution of serfdom in Russia begin to take on capitalist qualities?

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Question 15

Describe the putting-out system.Why did manufacturers begin to seek out rural labor for the production of goods? What societal effects did this have?

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Question 16

By the end of the sixteenth century,which European countries had become Protestant and which had remained Catholic?

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Quiz 23: The Transformation of Europe