Question 1

Not all countries experience the same population trends.Great differences exist among countries in population growth,infant mortality rates,average lifespan,etc.This inequality is called

Accepted Answer

The term that describes the inequalities in population trends among different countries is the demographic divide. The population pyramid refers to the graphical representation of age and gender distribution within a population, population disparity is not a commonly used term in demography, and biometric discrepancy is not relevant to this topic.

Question 2

In the United States,the "graying of America" has had which of the following effects on the Social Security system?

Accepted Answer

The "graying of America" refers to the increasing proportion of older people in the population. This has put a strain on the Social Security system, as there are more people receiving benefits and fewer people paying into the system. As a result, the system has been struggling with solvency, and benefits have been reduced and the age at which a person is eligible for benefits has increased.

Question 3

What is the primary reason behind the global population explosion?

Accepted Answer

Medical advances, particularly in the field of healthcare, have led to a decrease in mortality rates across the globe. Advancements in medical technology, hygiene practices, and access to healthcare have all contributed to people living longer and healthier lives. As a result, the population has been steadily increasing over time.

Question 4

Unsustainable population growth is threatening the planet.This statement is consistent with which population theory?

Accepted Answer

The statement is consistent with the neo-Malthusian theory which argues that population growth is unsustainable and will eventually lead to scarcity of resources and environmental degradation.

Question 5

How is social structure in agrarian societies related to large families?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is social structure in agrarian societies...

Question 6

What does Richard Flacks mean by "making history"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does Richard Flacks mean by "making...

Question 7

What is the primary factor that impacts the rates of population growth?

Accepted Answer

The level of economic development is the primary factor that impacts the rates of population growth. As countries develop economically, their population growth rates tend to decline due to increased access to education, healthcare, and family planning services. This leads to a lower fertility rate and a decrease in the number of children being born. On the other hand, countries with low economic development tend to have high population growth rates, as they may lack access to these resources and have higher infant mortality rates, leading to a higher number of births to compensate for the loss.

Question 8

What is the population growth rate in European countries?

Accepted Answer

Many European countries have a negative population growth rate, meaning that the number of deaths exceeds the number of births, resulting in a declining population.

Question 9

Demographic transition theory suggests that societies progress through four demographic stages,beginning with high birth and death rates and culminating at _____ population growth.

Accepted Answer

Demographic transition theory posits that societies evolve through stages where initially both birth and death rates are high, then birth rates remain high while death rates fall, followed by a decrease in birth rates, and finally culminating in a stage where both birth and death rates are low, leading to zero or near-zero population growth.

Question 10

According to Richard Flacks,most people are not involved in "making history" because they

Accepted Answer

Richard Flacks suggests that most people are not involved in "making history" because they are busy "making life." This implies that people are preoccupied with their daily responsibilities and routines, such as work, family, and personal obligations, which leave them little time or opportunity to engage in social or political activism or other forms of collective action. Therefore, the best choice is D. The other options - A, B, and C - do not reflect Flacks' perspective or offer a valid explanation based on his analysis.

Question 11

Based on demographic transition theory,why do pre-industrial societies experience very low overall population growth?

Accepted Answer

Preindustrial societies experience very low overall population growth because they have both high birth rates and high death rates. The high birth rates are often a response to the high death rates, particularly infant mortality, as families have more children to ensure that some survive to adulthood. However, the high death rates, due to factors like disease, lack of medical knowledge, and poor living conditions, balance out the high birth rates, leading to low overall population growth.

Question 12

Technological development,particularly in the medical field,had contributed to population explosion by

Accepted Answer

Technological development in the medical field has helped to increase life expectancy and reduce infant mortality rates. This in turn has led to population growth as individuals are living longer and more children are surviving past infancy. Additionally, advancements in fertility treatments have allowed more individuals to start families, further contributing to population growth. Thus, option C is the best choice. Choices A, B, and D are not incorrect, but do not fully capture the effects of technological development in the medical field on population growth.

Question 13

According to demographic transition theory,societies that embraced industrialization were able to reduce overall birth and death rates.The primary reason behind this reduction was

Accepted Answer

The reduction in overall birth and death rates in societies that embraced industrialization was primarily due to the improved knowledge about sanitation and disease. As industrialization brought about urbanization and people started living in cities, there was a need to improve sanitation and hygiene to prevent the spread of diseases. This led to the development of better medical facilities and health education, which resulted in a decline in death rates. Additionally, people gained knowledge about family planning and birth control, which led to a decline in birth rates. However, these factors were secondary to the improved knowledge and implementation of sanitation and disease prevention measures.

Question 14

How is social structure in advanced countries related to small families?

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

Which theory argues that population growth is directly related to levels of affluence and adoption of new technology?

Accepted Answer

The theory that argues that population growth is directly related to levels of affluence and adoption of new technology is the demographic transition theory. This theory suggests that as societies develop economically and technologically, they go through a predictable pattern of declining birth rates and death rates, leading to a stable population size. This pattern is driven by factors such as improved healthcare, access to birth control, and changing cultural norms around family size. The other options (A, B, and D) do not directly address the relationship between affluence, technology, and population growth.

Question 16

An aging population brings a variety of social problems.Which issue,related to the aging population in the United States,is most significant?

Accepted Answer

The issue of too few young people supporting too many retirees is significant because it can lead to strain on social security programs and pension funds, as well as higher taxes for the working population. It also raises concerns about the adequacy of healthcare and social services for the aging population. The other options listed are also potential issues related to an aging population, but they are less significant in terms of immediate impact and long-term consequences.

Question 17

Besides death and birth rates,what other factor is essential in assessing population growth?

Accepted Answer

Migration is another factor to consider as it can either increase or decrease the population size. In-migration can result in population growth, while out-migration can lead to population decline.

Question 18

Collective,organized efforts at bringing about or opposing change,typically lead by people who have no institutional power,is a definition of

Accepted Answer

Social movements are collective, organized efforts at bringing about or opposing change, typically lead by people who have no institutional power. Interest groups and lobbying are more focused on influencing policy within existing institutions, while support groups provide support and resources for individuals facing particular challenges.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the current and projected impact of immigration on population growth in the United States and other wealthy nations?

Accepted Answer

Immigration has a significant impact on population growth in the United States and other wealthy nations. In the US, immigrants and their US-born children accounted for 48% of population growth in recent years. Additionally, the United Nations projects that migrants will account for almost all future population growth in many wealthy countries.

Question 20

Which area of the world is experiencing the highest death rate?

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization's data as of 2021, Africa has the highest mortality rate in the world. This can largely be attributed to factors such as poverty, lack of access to healthcare, communicable diseases, and conflicts in certain regions.

Quiz 17: Social Change: Globalization, Population, and Social Movements