Question 1

Both low and high levels of stress can lead to low workplace performance.

Accepted Answer

Historically researchers have generally believed that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between stress and performance.That is,low levels of stress lead to low performance (because people are not "charged up" to perform),but high levels of stress also lead to an energy-sapping fight-or-flight response that produces low performance.Optimal performance,according to this hypothesis,results when people are subjected to moderate levels of stress.

Question 2

On Gardenswartz and Rowe's diversity wheel,external dimensions of diversity consist of the personal characteristics that people acquire,discard,or modify throughout their lives.

Accepted Answer

External dimensions of diversity include an element of choice;they consist of the personal characteristics that people acquire,discard,or modify throughout their lives: educational background,marital status,parental status,religion,income,geographic location,work experience,recreational habits,appearance,personal habits.

Question 3

Illegal immigrants dramatically impact the U.S.economy.

Accepted Answer

No,says a study by the Migration Policy Institute.Undocumented immigrants represent only about 5% of the workforce and contribute just 0.03% of the U.S.gross domestic product.

Question 4

Extra staff to cover the lunch hour rush for a busy downtown restaurant,Salads and Soup,is an example of a buffer that the manager used to prevent employee burnout,as well as meet customer demand.

Accepted Answer

There are all kinds of buffers,or administrative changes,that managers can make to reduce the stressors that lead to employee burnout.One example is extra staff or equipment at peak periods.

Question 5

A student carrying a full course load plus working full time plus trying to have a social life may experience role overload.

Accepted Answer

A student carrying a full course load plus working full time plus trying to have a social life may experience role overload that occurs when others' expectations exceed one's ability.

Question 6

Your supervisor says the company needs you to stay late to meet an important deadline,but your family expects you to be present for your child's birthday party.This is an example of role overload.

Accepted Answer

Role conflict occurs when one feels torn by the different expectations of important people in one's life.Example: Your supervisor says the company needs you to stay late to meet an important deadline,but your family expects you to be present for your child's birthday party.

Question 7

Type A behavior has been associated with increased work performance,high blood pressure,and heart disease.

Accepted Answer

A Type A behavior pattern involves a chronic,determined struggle to accomplish more in less time.Type A behavior has been associated with increased performance in the work of professors,students,and life insurance brokers.

Question 8

In today's workplaces,the further up the pay scale and the higher the education level,the narrower the earnings gap becomes between men and women.

Accepted Answer

Traditionally,women have earned roughly the same pay as men only in jobs paying $25,000 to $30,000 a year.The further up the pay scale and the higher the education level,the wider the earnings gap.

Question 9

Workplace stress diminishes all of the following except _____.

Accepted Answer

Workplace stress diminishes positive emotions,job satisfaction,organizational commitment,and job performance and increases alcohol and illicit drug use,overeating,and job turnover.

Question 10

Employee assistance programs (EAPs)are aimed at helping employees cope with stress,burnout,substance abuse,health-related problems,family and marital issues,and any general problem that negatively influences job performance.

Accepted Answer

Employee assistance programs (EAPs)include a host of programs aimed at helping employees cope with stress,burnout,substance abuse,health-related problems,family and marital issues,and any general problem that negatively influences job performance.

Question 11

On Gardenswartz and Rowe's diversity wheel,internal dimensions of diversity such as gender,age,ethnicity,race,sexual orientation,and physical abilities strongly influence our attitudes and expectations and assumptions about other people,which in turn influence our own behavior.

Accepted Answer

Internal dimensions of diversity are those human differences that exert a powerful,sustained effect throughout every stage of our lives: gender,age,ethnicity,race,sexual orientation,physical abilities.They strongly influence our attitudes and expectations and assumptions about other people,which in turn influence our own behavior.What characterizes internal dimensions of diversity is that they are visible and salient in people.

Question 12

Literacy is no longer a problem in the American workforce.

Accepted Answer

In the United States,literacy has dropped at every level of education.If,as has been alleged,more than two-thirds of the American workforce reads below ninth-grade level,that is a real problem for employers,because about 70% of the on-the-job reading materials are written at or above that level.

Question 13

The Americans with Disabilities Act requires organizations to make only reasonable accommodations for an individual's disabilities.

Accepted Answer

Since 1992 we have the Americans with Disabilities Act,which prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities and requires organizations only to reasonably accommodate an individual's disabilities.

Question 14

Burnout is a state of emotional,mental,and physical exhaustion,expressed as listlessness,indifference,or frustration.

Accepted Answer

Burnout is a state of emotional,mental,and even physical exhaustion,expressed as listlessness,indifference,or frustration.

Question 15

High-paid workers are particularly apt to suffer stress more than lower-level workers.

Accepted Answer

Low-paid workers are particularly apt to suffer stress more than those on top.

Question 16

Stress is the tension and pressure people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands,constraints,or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively.

Accepted Answer

Stress is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands,constraints,or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively.

Question 17

Roberto finds his job description and the criteria for promotion vague,an example of role ambiguity.

Accepted Answer

Role ambiguity occurs when others' expectations are un-known.Example: You find your job description and the criteria for promotion vague,a complaint often voiced by newcomers to an organization.

Question 18

Internal dimensions,such as age,gender,and race,are at the center of Gardenswartz and Rowe's diversity wheel.

Accepted Answer

Personality is at the center of the diversity wheel because personality is defined as the stable physical and mental characteristics responsible for a person's identity.

Question 19

If managers are concerned about hiring and keeping workplace talent,they shouldn't ignore the motivation and productivity of the 3.4% lesbian,gay,bisexual,or transgendered (LGBT)people in the workforce.

Accepted Answer

If managers are concerned about hiring and keeping workplace talent,they shouldn't ignore the motivation and productivity of 3.4% lesbian,gay,bisexual,or transgendered (LGBT)of the workforce.

Question 20

The glass ceiling is a concept that applies to women,but not to minorities.

Accepted Answer

The glass ceiling is the metaphor for an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from being promoted to top executive jobs.

Quiz 11: Managing Individual Differences and Behavior: Supervising People As People