Question 1

Milton Friedman represents the view that the social responsibility of business is to maintain a balance between business and environmental concerns.

Accepted Answer

Friedman represents the view that "The social responsibility of business is to make profits." That is,unless a company focuses on maximizing profits,it will become distracted and fail to provide goods and services,benefit the stockholders,create jobs,and expand economic growth,which amount to the real social justification for the firm's existence.

Question 2

Ethical behavior is behavior that is accepted as "right" as opposed to "accepted" according to the standards of what is right or wrong.

Accepted Answer

Ethical behavior is behavior that is accepted as "right" as opposed to "wrong" according to one's standards.Ethical behavior in the utilitarian approach is guided by what will result in the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

Question 3

Psychologist Laurence Kohlberg has proposed three levels of personal moral development: preconventional,conventional,and postconventional.

Accepted Answer

Psychologist Laurence Kohlberg has proposed three levels of personal moral development: preconventional,conventional,and postconventional.

Question 4

When judging an organization's policies-such as fair and impartial administering of promotions regardless of gender,age,sexual orientation,and the like-ethical behavior under the justice approach is guided by respect for impartial standards of fairness and equity.

Accepted Answer

Ethical behavior in the justice approach is guided by respect for impartial standards of fairness and equity.One consideration here is whether an organization's policies-such as those governing promotions or sexual harassment cases-are administered impartially and fairly regardless of gender,age,sexual orientation,and the like.

Question 5

The utilitarian approach is guided by what will result in the individual's best long-term interests.

Accepted Answer

A utilitarian approach is guided by what will result in the greatest good for the greatest number of people.The individual approach is guided by what will result in the individual's best long-term interests,which ultimately are in everyone's self-interest.

Question 6

Corporate social responsibility is the belief that corporations are expected to go above and beyond following the law and making a profit to be a good corporate citizen and benefit interests of society.

Accepted Answer

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)is the notion that corporations are expected to go above and beyond following the law and making a profit to be a good corporate citizen and benefit interests of society.

Question 7

A benefit of the individual approach is that when managers make decisions that are made in the individual's best interests,this will usually benefit most people.

Accepted Answer

The assumption in the individual approach is that you will act ethically in the short run to avoid others harming you in the long run.The flaw here,however,is that one person's short-term self-gain may not,in fact,be good for everyone in the long term.Ethical behavior in the utilitarian approach is guided by what will result in the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

Question 8

The beliefs by individuals regarding what they feel others will observe in their behavior are called ethics.

Accepted Answer

Ethics are the standards of right and wrong that influence behavior.

Question 9

A code of ethics is an insurance document specifying upper management's ethical policy and procedures regarding health care with the Affordable Care Act.

Accepted Answer

A code of ethics consists of a formal written set of ethical standards guiding an organization's actions.The purpose is to clearly state top management's expectations for all employees.

Question 10

A Ponzi scheme is when an individual or company utilizes the bait-and-switch method.A product is advertised at a low price,but when customers ask to buy the item they are told that the advertised good is not available and are pressured to buy a higher-priced item.

Accepted Answer

A Ponzi scheme is using cash from newer investors to pay off older ones.

Question 11

Terrell,the HR manager,strongly believes that fairness means hiring according to ability,not family background.Terrell's deeply held belief regarding hiring is a part of his dilemma approach.

Accepted Answer

Values are the relatively permanent and deeply held underlying beliefs and attitudes that help determine a person's behavior.

Question 12

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act set up the Federal Trade Commission to ensure consumer protection and eliminate and prevent anticompetitive business practices,with penalties of as much as 25 years in prison for noncompliance.

Accepted Answer

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act established requirements for proper financial record keeping for public companies and penalties of as much as 25 years in prison for noncompliance.

Question 13

The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation,through which Bill Gates and his wife have pledged to spend billions on health,education,and overcoming poverty,is an example of natural capital.

Accepted Answer

Philanthropy is making charitable donations to benefit humankind.

Question 14

A whistle-blower is usually a stakeholder who reports organizational misconduct to the public.

Accepted Answer

A whistle-blower is an employee,or even an outside consultant,who reports organizational misconduct to the public.

Question 15

Despite recent pressure from stockholders to increase profits,a global petroleum organization has maintained a practice of consistently acting ethically by being a good global corporate citizen,taking host-country and global standards into consideration when making decisions,and obeying the law of host countries as well as international law.This is an example of a company acting socially responsible.B.Carroll,corporate social responsibility rests at the top of a pyramid of a corporation's obligations,right up there with economic,legal,and ethical obligations.Carroll suggests the responsibilities of an organization in the global economy should take the following priorities,with profit being the most fundamental (base of the pyramid)and corporate citizenship at the top: (1)Be a good global corporate citizen,as defined by the host country's expectations; (2)be ethical in its practices,taking host-country and global standards into consideration; (3)obey the law of host countries as well as international law;and (4)make a profit consistent with expectations for international business.

Accepted Answer

According to University of Georgia business scholar Archie

Question 16

When illegal female immigrants from Central America are transported into Texas and forced to work seven days a week or as prostitutes,this violates the moral-rights approach.

Accepted Answer

Ethical behavior in the moral-rights approach is guided by respect for the fundamental rights of human beings,such as those expressed in the U.S.Constitution's Bill of Rights.In the United States,denying people the right to life,liberty,privacy,health and safety,and due process is unethical.

Question 17

In the old days of cutthroat capitalism,a company's most important goal was to make money pretty much any way it could.Today for-profit enterprises generally make a point of "putting something back" into society as well as taking something out.

Accepted Answer

In the old days of cutthroat capitalism,social responsibility was hardly thought of.A company's most important goal was to make money pretty much any way it could,and the consequences be damned.Today for-profit enterprises generally make a point of "putting something back" into society as well as taking something out.

Question 18

An organization's value system is the belief of employees and customers about that company's product and service quality.

Accepted Answer

Value systems are the pattern of values within an organization.

Question 19

Human resource professionals indicate that when their organizations offer ethics training using a case approach to present employees with ethical dilemmas by clarifying expectations,this kind of training may reduce unethical behavior.

Accepted Answer

Human resource professionals indicate that when their organizations offer ethics training using a case approach to present employees with ethical dilemmas by clarifying expectations,this kind of training may reduce unethical behavior.

Question 20

Companies screen out dishonest,irresponsible workers after they are hired by checking employees' résumé and references.

Accepted Answer

Before employees are hired,companies try to screen out dishonest,irresponsible employees by checking applicants' résumés and references.

Quiz 3: The Managers Changing Work Environment and Ethical Responsibilities: Doing the Right Thing

Milton Friedman represents the view that the social responsibility of business is to maintain a balance between business and environmental concerns.

Ethical behavior is behavior that is accepted as "right" as opposed to "accepted" according to the standards of what is right or wrong.

Psychologist Laurence Kohlberg has proposed three levels of personal moral development: preconventional,conventional,and postconventional.

When judging an organization's policies-such as fair and impartial administering of promotions regardless of gender,age,sexual orientation,and the like-ethical behavior under the justice approach is guided by respect for impartial standards of fairness and equity.

The utilitarian approach is guided by what will result in the individual's best long-term interests.

Corporate social responsibility is the belief that corporations are expected to go above and beyond following the law and making a profit to be a good corporate citizen and benefit interests of society.

A benefit of the individual approach is that when managers make decisions that are made in the individual's best interests,this will usually benefit most people.

The beliefs by individuals regarding what they feel others will observe in their behavior are called ethics.

A code of ethics is an insurance document specifying upper management's ethical policy and procedures regarding health care with the Affordable Care Act.

A Ponzi scheme is when an individual or company utilizes the bait-and-switch method.A product is advertised at a low price,but when customers ask to buy the item they are told that the advertised good is not available and are pressured to buy a higher-priced item.

Terrell,the HR manager,strongly believes that fairness means hiring according to ability,not family background.Terrell's deeply held belief regarding hiring is a part of his dilemma approach.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act set up the Federal Trade Commission to ensure consumer protection and eliminate and prevent anticompetitive business practices,with penalties of as much as 25 years in prison for noncompliance.

The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation,through which Bill Gates and his wife have pledged to spend billions on health,education,and overcoming poverty,is an example of natural capital.

A whistle-blower is usually a stakeholder who reports organizational misconduct to the public.

When illegal female immigrants from Central America are transported into Texas and forced to work seven days a week or as prostitutes,this violates the moral-rights approach.

In the old days of cutthroat capitalism,a company's most important goal was to make money pretty much any way it could.Today for-profit enterprises generally make a point of "putting something back" into society as well as taking something out.

An organization's value system is the belief of employees and customers about that company's product and service quality.

Human resource professionals indicate that when their organizations offer ethics training using a case approach to present employees with ethical dilemmas by clarifying expectations,this kind of training may reduce unethical behavior.

Companies screen out dishonest,irresponsible workers after they are hired by checking employees' résumé and references.