Question 1

Everything on Floyd's desk is kept in its exact place.He straightens his things each day and gets very upset when something is not put back in its proper place.He does not like to bring work home with him because it means the paperwork is not properly filed when he gets to work the next morning.Based on this,Floyd is likely to be diagnosed with a personality disorder in the __________ cluster.

Accepted Answer

Floyd's behaviors suggest a need for order, perfection, and control, which are characteristics associated with personality disorders in the anxious cluster, specifically Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD).

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a factor that is thought to influence schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Birth order is not a consistently identified risk factor for schizophrenia, while exposure to viruses, abnormal levels of dopamine, and stressful home life have all been implicated in contributing to the development of this disorder.

Question 3

Ted was diagnosed at age 18 with severe schizophrenia.His functioning has progressively gotten worse since his diagnosis.Compared with people who have more mild cases of schizophrenia,neuroimaging of Ted's brain would reveal that he has

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that people with more severe cases of schizophrenia tend to have less brain tissue compared to those with milder cases or no diagnosis. This can be seen through neuroimaging techniques such as MRI scans. Enlarged temporal lobes and smaller ventricles are not typically associated with schizophrenia, and while dopamine dysregulation is a factor in schizophrenia, it is not necessarily indicative of the severity of the condition.

Question 4

Angie often has relationships that are full of drama,and her emotions in these relationships range from extremely loving to angry and depressed.Other people view her as intense and unstable.Which cluster of personality disorders is Angie's behavior most likely to fall under?

Accepted Answer

Angie's behavior falls under the dramatic cluster of personality disorders, which includes borderline, narcissistic, and histrionic personality disorders. Her intense emotions, unstable relationships, and perception by others as intense and unstable are characteristic symptoms of borderline personality disorder.

Question 5

Simon is certain that every time he unlocks his front door,he is actually being tricked into opening up his mind to allow aliens to spy on his thoughts.Simon is most likely experiencing which type of delusion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Simon is certain that every time he...

Question 6

One of your roommates comes from a small rural town and the other is from a large city.Does this factor affect their probability of experiencing a schizophrenic episode?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals living in urban areas have a higher risk of developing schizophrenia compared to those in rural areas. This is believed to be due to factors such as increased stress, social isolation, and exposure to pollutants or infectious agents.

Question 7

Dr.Black is interviewing a client.The client displays only the following symptoms: he rarely responds to the doctor's questions,shows no emotions,and does not make eye contact.Is Dr.Black able to make a diagnosis of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

The client is displaying negative symptoms, which are characteristic of schizophrenia, but a diagnosis typically requires at least two of the five major symptoms of schizophrenia (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behavior, and negative symptoms) according to most diagnostic criteria, such as the DSM-5. Since the client is only showing one type of symptom (negative symptoms), it's not sufficient for a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Question 8

Research has shown that schizophrenia is influenced by biological factors.Specifically,brain imaging studies have shown that in people with schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

Brain imaging studies have consistently shown that people with schizophrenia have a reduction in overall brain tissue, particularly in the gray matter. This reduction is most commonly seen in the temporal and frontal lobes. The ventricles, on the other hand, are often enlarged rather than becoming smaller. There may also be abnormalities in the amygdala and hippocampus, but it is not accurate to say that they are not very active as this varies among individuals.

Question 9

Carmen believes that she has the amazing power to control the thoughts of her classmates and make them do what she wants.Mandy believes that all her classmates are trying to manipulate her thoughts.Carmen is experiencing __________ delusions,while Mandy is experiencing __________ delusions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carmen believes that she has the amazing...

Question 10

Sharon has a history of having highly negative emotional reactions when her relationships are disrupted and she often acts impulsively.Sharon is most likely to be diagnosed with __________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

The description of Sharon's behavior is consistent with the diagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder, which includes intense and unstable interpersonal relationships, fear of abandonment, and impulsivity. While dependent personality disorder may also involve fear of abandonment and emotional reactivity, it does not typically manifest as impulsivity. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for the rights of others and a history of criminal behavior, which is not mentioned in Sharon's description. Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by an inflated sense of self-importance and a lack of empathy, which is also not mentioned in Sharon's description.

Question 11

Aaron has been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder.Aaron is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by disturbances in identity, emotional instability, and impulse control. People with this disorder may struggle with self-image, have intense and unstable relationships, experience frequent mood swings, and engage in impulsive and risky behaviors.

Question 12

Mario has always tended to have "love-hate" relationships with people who are close to him and constantly worries about people leaving him.Thus,he smothers them with affection only to feel rejected and disappointed when they back away from this behavior.Mario has threatened to commit suicide several times and most people view him as emotionally unstable.Based on this,Mario might be diagnosed with __________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Mario exhibits the classic symptoms of borderline personality disorder, including fear of abandonment, unstable relationships, impulsive behavior, and suicidal threats. The paranoia and obsessive-compulsive behaviors are not present, and while narcissistic tendencies can coexist with borderline personality disorder, they don't seem to be the primary issue for Mario.

Question 13

Kelly is studying for her introductory psychology exam and is struggling to learn the personality disorders.Her roommate helps her by explaining that all of the following disorders are part of the anxious cluster (cluster C)EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The paranoid personality disorder belongs to the odd/eccentric cluster (cluster A) and not the anxious cluster (cluster C).

Question 14

Lamont thinks his neighbor sends subliminal messages to his brain.In order to prevent these messages,Lamont believes he should not shower or change his clothes every day.Lamont does not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia,but he may be experiencing long-lasting,maladaptive patterns of interacting with the world around him.In this case,Lamont may be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

The description of Lamont's behavior suggests that he may have a personality disorder, potentially paranoid personality disorder or schizotypal personality disorder. These disorders are characterized by long-lasting, maladaptive patterns of interacting with the world, including problems with social relationships and unusual beliefs or perceptions. Lamont's belief about his neighbor sending subliminal messages is an example of a paranoid ideation, which is a common feature of paranoid personality disorder.

Question 15

Klaus has schizophrenia and believes that the ketchup dispenser at McDonalds sends him messages every Tuesday.Klaus's belief about this object being particularly special to him is an example of which type of delusion?

Accepted Answer

Klaus's belief about the ketchup dispenser at McDonald's sending him messages on Tuesdays is an example of a referential delusion, which is when an individual believes that ordinary objects or events have a personal meaning or significance to them.

Question 16

Rory knows that the etiology of borderline personality disorder is primarily associated with

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals with borderline personality disorder often have a history of traumatic experiences, such as physical or sexual abuse or neglect. While genetic factors may also play a role, trauma is considered a primary factor in the etiology of the disorder. Reduced physical response to anxiety and a lack of empathy are not considered primary factors in the development of borderline personality disorder.

Question 17

Which of the following conditions would place you at the greatest risk of developing schizophrenia during your lifetime?

Accepted Answer

The greatest risk factor for developing schizophrenia is having a first-degree relative (parent, sibling, or child) with the disorder. Having both parents with the disorder significantly increases the risk compared to having only one parent with the disorder. Having a fraternal twin with schizophrenia also increases the risk, but not as much as having both parents with the disorder. Having a spouse with schizophrenia or living in a culture with high rates of schizophrenia does not significantly increase an individual's risk.

Question 18

When Billy meets with his therapist,he makes statements showing that he likes to manipulate other people,is a good liar,and always needs immediate gratification.Billy's disregard for social norms and the feelings of others means that his therapist is most likely to diagnose him with __________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Billy's disregard for social norms and the feelings of others, as well as his tendency to manipulate and lie, are characteristic of antisocial personality disorder. Borderline personality disorder is characterized by unstable emotions and relationships, narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance and lack of empathy, and histrionic personality disorder is characterized by excessive attention-seeking behavior.

Question 19

Sherry is distrusting of the government and is suspicious that they have had her apartment bugged to hear what she is doing when she is at home.Sherry's odd behavior is consistent with personality disorders in the eccentric cluster,specifically __________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Sherry's behavior of distrusting the government and being suspicious of being bugged suggests paranoia, which is a characteristic of paranoid personality disorder in the eccentric cluster. Avoidant personality disorder is characterized by feelings of inadequacy and social inhibition, schizoid personality disorder is characterized by detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression, and histrionic personality is characterized by excessive emotions and attention-seeking behavior.

Question 20

Compared with people who develop mood or anxiety disorders in adulthood,people who develop schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals who later develop schizophrenia often display more negative emotions (such as a lack of emotional expression) and motor disturbances (such as abnormal movements) as children, which can be indicative of the prodromal phase of the disorder. In contrast, there is no evidence to suggest that individuals who later develop mood or anxiety disorders show similar patterns of behavior in childhood.

Quiz 13: Psychological Disorders