Question 1

Connie is telling her mother a story about a scary dog she encountered in the neighbor's yard."Then I runned away," Connie concludes.Which language acquisition phenomenon is Connie demonstrating? How old is Connie likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Connie is demonstrating overgeneralization, a common phenomenon in language acquisition where children apply general grammatical rules to words that are exceptions. This often occurs in preschool-aged children, making the age range of 3 to 4 years old appropriate.

Question 2

Critical or creative thinking may be enhanced by each of the following strategies EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Avoiding heuristics (mental shortcuts) can actually hinder critical or creative thinking as they often help streamline the thinking process and lead to quicker solutions. Therefore, avoiding heuristics is not a strategy that enhances critical or creative thinking. The other options, using analogies, considering opposites, and experimenting with solutions, can all help to enhance critical or creative thinking.

Question 3

As compared to less creative individuals,creative people:

Accepted Answer

Creative individuals tend to enjoy and seek out more complex and novel stimuli, as they are driven by curiosity and a desire for new experiences. This is supported by research on the psychology of creativity.

Question 4

Dorian is 2 years old.Constance is 2 years and 5 months old.Dorian's vocabulary probably contains _____ words,while Constance's vocabulary contains _____ words.

Accepted Answer

At age 2, a child's vocabulary typically consists of about 50 words, while at 2 years and 5 months, a child's vocabulary is typically several hundred words. Therefore, option C is the closest to the expected range of vocabulary for both children. The other options provide unrealistic estimates.

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE of creativity?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive complexity, or the ability to think about multiple concepts or perspectives simultaneously, has been linked with greater creativity. Intelligence alone is not enough to guarantee creativity, and traditional tests may not capture the full range of creative thinking. Highly creative individuals are more likely to exhibit divergent thinking, which involves generating multiple and unconventional ideas.

Question 6

A girl named Genie was exposed to virtually no language from the age of 20 months till the age of 13.In what way does Genie's case offer support for the notion of a critical period in language acquisition?

Accepted Answer

Genie's case supports the notion of a critical period in language acquisition because, despite receiving intensive instruction after her isolation, she struggled significantly with language development, particularly with acquiring a large vocabulary and mastering syntax. This suggests that there is a critical period for language acquisition that Genie missed, which significantly impacted her ability to learn language later in life.

Question 7

Approximately how many phonemes are found in English?

Accepted Answer

English has approximately 44 phonemes, which are distinct units of sound that distinguish one word from another.

Question 8

Ricky tells his grandmother,"Momma holded the rabbit." In the context of language,Ricky's statement exemplifies:

Accepted Answer

Ricky's statement is an example of overgeneralization, where he applies the general rule of adding "-ed" to make the past tense, even to irregular verbs like "hold," which should be "held." This is common in language development in children.

Question 9

You are creating a language development timeline for a class presentation.Along the top of a display board,you write the following ages in sequence: 6 months$\rarr$ 1 year $\rarr$ 2 years $\rarr$ 3 years.How should you label these ages,from youngest to oldest?

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence of language development stages from youngest to oldest is: Babbling at around 6 months, where babies experiment with making sounds; First words typically emerge around 1 year, when babies start to say simple words; Telegraphic speech occurs around 2 years, characterized by two-word sentences; Overgeneralization, the application of grammatical rules too widely, often happens around 3 years.

Question 10

Which of the following language acquisition stages or phenomena is correctly matched with an illustrative example?

Accepted Answer

Babbling refers to the stage where babies make seemingly random sounds and syllables as they experiment with language.

Answer: B
 Telegraphic speech describes the stage where a child uses short, simple sentences to convey their meaning, often leaving out smaller words like "the" or "and."

Answer: C
 Overgeneralization occurs when a child applies a grammar rule in a situation where it doesn't quite fit. For example, saying "mouses" instead of "mice."

Answer: D
 This option is incorrect as it repeats the same phenomenon as option C (overgeneralization).

Question 11

What is meant by the notion of a critical period for language acquisition?

Accepted Answer

The critical period for language acquisition refers to the early years of a child's life (usually before puberty) during which they are most sensitive to language cues and most easily acquire language. This period is often considered to be the best time for learning a new language, as the brain is still developing and highly adaptable.

Question 12

In written language,letters most closely represent _____,whereas sentences may be said to reflect _____.

Accepted Answer

Letters represent phonemes, which are the smallest units of sound in a language, while sentences reflect syntax, which is the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences.

Question 13

Traditional intelligence tests tend to assess _____ thinking; tests of creativity tap into _____.

Accepted Answer

Traditional intelligence tests often focus on convergent thinking, which involves finding a single correct solution to a problem. In contrast, tests of creativity assess divergent thinking, which involves generating multiple, unique solutions to a problem.

Question 14

Linguists have identified more than _____ different phonemes among all the world's languages.

Accepted Answer

Linguists have identified more than 800 different phonemes among all the world's languages. Phonemes are the smallest units of sound that can differentiate words in a language. English, for example, has about 44 phonemes.

Question 15

Phonology is the study of the _____ in a language.

Accepted Answer

Phonology is the study of the speech sounds in a language, including their distribution and patterns. It involves analyzing the phonemes (distinct units of sound) and phonemic rules (patterns of sound combinations) of a language.

Question 16

Which of the following sequences correctly orders the components of a language,from the smallest or most specific to the broadest?

Accepted Answer

Phonemes are the smallest units of sound in a language, syntax refers to the rules that govern the structure of sentences, and semantics pertains to the meaning of words and sentences. Therefore, the correct order from the smallest or most specific to the broadest is phoneme, syntax, semantics.

Question 17

"All gone milk," says 2-year-old Wesley,placing the empty glass on the table.Wesley's remark exemplifies the language acquisition phenomenon termed:

Accepted Answer

Wesley's remark is an example of telegraphic speech, which is characteristic of the early stages of child language acquisition where children use simple but meaningful two-word sentences, omitting less significant words.

Question 18

Which of the following factors is NOT closely related to creativity?

Accepted Answer

Intelligence is closely related to creativity, as it involves problem-solving, thinking outside the box, and generating original ideas. Cognitive complexity, abstract problems, and a range of interests are all factors that have been linked to creativity.

Question 19

Tina is 6 months old,Vincenzo is 2 years and 7 months old,and Wayne is 3 years and 6 months old.Which alternative below correctly pairs each child with the appropriate language acquisition stage or phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Tina, at 6 months, is at the babbling stage, where infants experiment with making sounds. Vincenzo, at 2 years and 7 months, is likely using telegraphic speech, which involves two-word sentences. Wayne, at 3 years and 6 months, is at a stage where overgeneralization of grammar rules may occur.

Question 20

Dr.Salim is a linguist studying the rules that guide the order of words and phrases in several of the world's languages.Dr.Salim is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A syntactician is a linguist who specializes in studying the rules and structure of language, including the order of words and phrases. This matches Dr. Salim's area of study. Semanticists study the meaning of language, phonologists study the sound systems of languages, and translators work to convey meaning across languages but none of these specialties match with Dr. Salim's area of study.

Quiz 8: Cognition and Language

Connie is telling her mother a story about a scary dog she encountered in the neighbor's yard."Then I runned away," Connie concludes.Which language acquisition phenomenon is Connie demonstrating? How old is Connie likely to be?

Critical or creative thinking may be enhanced by each of the following strategies EXCEPT:

As compared to less creative individuals,creative people:

Dorian is 2 years old.Constance is 2 years and 5 months old.Dorian's vocabulary probably contains _ words,while Constance's vocabulary contains _ words.

Which of the following is TRUE of creativity?

A girl named Genie was exposed to virtually no language from the age of 20 months till the age of 13.In what way does Genie's case offer support for the notion of a critical period in language acquisition?

Approximately how many phonemes are found in English?

Ricky tells his grandmother,"Momma holded the rabbit." In the context of language,Ricky's statement exemplifies:

You are creating a language development timeline for a class presentation.Along the top of a display board,you write the following ages in sequence: 6 months $\rarr$ 1 year $\rarr$ 2 years $\rarr$ 3 years.How should you label these ages,from youngest to oldest?

Which of the following language acquisition stages or phenomena is correctly matched with an illustrative example?

What is meant by the notion of a critical period for language acquisition?

In written language,letters most closely represent _,whereas sentences may be said to reflect _.

Traditional intelligence tests tend to assess _ thinking; tests of creativity tap into _.

Linguists have identified more than _____ different phonemes among all the world's languages.

Phonology is the study of the _____ in a language.

Which of the following sequences correctly orders the components of a language,from the smallest or most specific to the broadest?

"All gone milk," says 2-year-old Wesley,placing the empty glass on the table.Wesley's remark exemplifies the language acquisition phenomenon termed:

Which of the following factors is NOT closely related to creativity?

Tina is 6 months old,Vincenzo is 2 years and 7 months old,and Wayne is 3 years and 6 months old.Which alternative below correctly pairs each child with the appropriate language acquisition stage or phenomenon?

Dr.Salim is a linguist studying the rules that guide the order of words and phrases in several of the world's languages.Dr.Salim is a(n) :

Quiz 8: Cognition and Language

Connie is telling her mother a story about a scary dog she encountered in the neighbor's yard."Then I runned away," Connie concludes.Which language acquisition phenomenon is Connie demonstrating? How old is Connie likely to be?

Critical or creative thinking may be enhanced by each of the following strategies EXCEPT:

As compared to less creative individuals,creative people:

Dorian is 2 years old.Constance is 2 years and 5 months old.Dorian's vocabulary probably contains _____ words,while Constance's vocabulary contains _____ words.

Which of the following is TRUE of creativity?

A girl named Genie was exposed to virtually no language from the age of 20 months till the age of 13.In what way does Genie's case offer support for the notion of a critical period in language acquisition?

Approximately how many phonemes are found in English?

Ricky tells his grandmother,"Momma holded the rabbit." In the context of language,Ricky's statement exemplifies:

You are creating a language development timeline for a class presentation.Along the top of a display board,you write the following ages in sequence: 6 months →\rarr→ 1 year →\rarr→ 2 years →\rarr→ 3 years.How should you label these ages,from youngest to oldest?

Which of the following language acquisition stages or phenomena is correctly matched with an illustrative example?

What is meant by the notion of a critical period for language acquisition?

In written language,letters most closely represent _____,whereas sentences may be said to reflect _____.

Traditional intelligence tests tend to assess _____ thinking; tests of creativity tap into _____.

Linguists have identified more than _____ different phonemes among all the world's languages.

Phonology is the study of the _____ in a language.

Which of the following sequences correctly orders the components of a language,from the smallest or most specific to the broadest?

"All gone milk," says 2-year-old Wesley,placing the empty glass on the table.Wesley's remark exemplifies the language acquisition phenomenon termed:

Which of the following factors is NOT closely related to creativity?

Tina is 6 months old,Vincenzo is 2 years and 7 months old,and Wayne is 3 years and 6 months old.Which alternative below correctly pairs each child with the appropriate language acquisition stage or phenomenon?

Dr.Salim is a linguist studying the rules that guide the order of words and phrases in several of the world's languages.Dr.Salim is a(n) :

Dorian is 2 years old.Constance is 2 years and 5 months old.Dorian's vocabulary probably contains _ words,while Constance's vocabulary contains _ words.

You are creating a language development timeline for a class presentation.Along the top of a display board,you write the following ages in sequence: 6 months $\rarr$ 1 year $\rarr$ 2 years $\rarr$ 3 years.How should you label these ages,from youngest to oldest?

In written language,letters most closely represent _,whereas sentences may be said to reflect _.

Traditional intelligence tests tend to assess _ thinking; tests of creativity tap into _.