Question 1

When an atom gains one or more electrons, it

Accepted Answer

When an atom gains one or more electrons, it becomes negatively charged and is called an anion. Option A is incorrect because gaining electrons results in a negative charge, not a positive charge. Option B is incorrect because gaining electrons changes the charge of the atom. Option D is incorrect because cations are formed when an atom loses one or more electrons and become positively charged.

Question 2

An atom with 5 protons, 5 neutrons, and 6 electrons would have a net charge of

Accepted Answer

The net charge of an atom is determined by the difference between the number of protons and electrons. Since this atom has 5 protons and 6 electrons, it has one more electron than protons, giving it a net charge of -1.

Question 3

Most of the water found in the body is in the

Accepted Answer

The intracellular fluid compartment contains about two-thirds of the body's water, while the extracellular fluid compartment and blood make up the remaining one-third. Therefore, most of the water found in the body is in the intracellular fluid compartment.

Question 4

The atomic nucleus does not contain _____________, which are negatively charged subatomic particles.

Accepted Answer

The atomic nucleus only contains protons and neutrons, which are positively and neutrally charged subatomic particles, respectively. Electrons orbit the nucleus in electron shells, but they are not found within the nucleus itself.

Question 5

The _______________ electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom.

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom, located in the highest energy level. The kernel or atomic electrons are the electrons closer to the nucleus, while anions are negatively charged ions that have gained extra electrons.

Question 6

The __________ is the physical space which an electron occupies in an atom.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________ is the physical space which...

Question 7

The term "chemical element" refers to the most common isotope of that element.

Accepted Answer

The term "chemical element" refers to all isotopes of an element, not just the most common one.

Question 8

Isotopes have the same ___________ number, but a different __________ number.

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number (because they are the same element), but a different mass number since they have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 9

_______________ bonds are formed when atoms share electrons unequally.

Accepted Answer

In polar covalent bonds, atoms share electrons but do so unequally, resulting in partial charges on the atoms involved. This occurs when there is a difference in electronegativity between the atoms in the bond, causing one atom to have a stronger pull on the shared electrons. Nonpolar covalent bonds involve equal sharing of electrons, ionic bonds involve the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another, and van der Waals bonds are weak intermolecular forces between molecules.

Question 10

Negatively charged ions will migrate toward the anode in an electrical field.

Accepted Answer

Negatively charged ions are attracted to the positive electrode in an electrical field, which is the anode.

Question 11

Neutrons are uncharged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

Accepted Answer

Neutrons do not have an electric charge, making them neutral. They are indeed found in the nucleus of an atom along with protons, which have a positive charge.

Question 12

Hydrogen bonds form between the partially charged atoms of two polar molecules, such as the slightly negatively charged hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the slightly positively charged oxygen atom of another.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hydrogen bonds form between the partially charged...

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true of isotopes of a given atom?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of a given atom have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, leading to different atomic masses.

Question 14

An element with 5 protons, 5 neutrons, and 5 electrons would have an atomic number of 15.

Accepted Answer

The atomic number of an element corresponds to the number of protons it has in its nucleus, which in this case is only 5. Therefore, the atomic number of this element would be 5, not 15.

Question 15

Molecules with polar covalent bonds are hydrophilic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Molecules with polar covalent bonds are hydrophilic....

Question 16

Water makes up _____ of the total body weight of an average adult.

Accepted Answer

Water makes up approximately 60-70% of the total body weight of an average adult.

Question 17

Which of the following subatomic particles have negligible mass?

Accepted Answer

Electrons have a very small mass, approximately 1/1836th of the mass of a proton or neutron. Neutrons and protons, on the other hand, have relatively large masses.

Question 18

Atoms sharing a pair of electrons form covalent bonds.

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 19

When an atom loses one or more electrons, it

Accepted Answer

When an atom loses one or more electrons, it becomes positively charged because it has more protons (positive charges) than electrons (negative charges). This results in an overall positive charge.

Question 20

An element with 11 neutrons, 11 protons, and 11 electrons would have an atomic mass of __.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An element with 11 neutrons, 11 protons,...

Quiz 2: Chemical Composition of the Body