Question 1

Just like how a mother will fail to attend to the needs of a child, no matter how well intended, a therapist will occasionally fail to attend to the needs of a patient.Negotiating this pattern within a relationship has been termed:

Accepted Answer

The pattern described in the question is about a potential breakdown in the therapeutic relationship, which is commonly referred to as a "rupture." When this happens, it can be repaired through communication and understanding, which is the basis of the therapeutic process. This is the concept of "rupture and repair," which is the best choice for the described pattern. Transference and countertransference (A) are related to the transfer of emotions from a person to their therapist and vice versa. Idealization and fixation (C) are more related to the patient's perception of the therapist's role and the therapeutic process. Disappointment and despair (D) are possible outcomes of a therapeutic rupture, but they do not reflect the core concept of how to address and resolve it.

Question 2

Freud's topographical model of the mind proposed ______, ______, and ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Freud's topographical model of the mind proposed...

Question 3

The central task of psychoanalytical therapy is to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The central task of psychoanalytical therapy is...

Question 4

Psychoanalytical therapies rely heavily on therapists providing clients with ways to become aware of aspects of their intrapsychic experiences that have previously been unconscious.In other words, they rely on:

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytical therapies rely heavily on therapists making interpretations of the unconscious material that clients bring to therapy. These interpretations allow clients to become aware of their intrapsychic experiences and gain insight into their emotional and behavioral patterns. Enactments, reconstructions, and confrontations may also be used in psychoanalytical therapies, but they are not the primary way in which clients become aware of their unconscious experiences.

Question 5

John Bowlby theorized that infants develop early representations of attachment figures and referred to these representations as:

Accepted Answer

John Bowlby referred to the early representations of attachment figures as internal working models.

Question 6

In contrast to short-term therapies, Leichsenring and Rabung (2008) found that, in the treatment of complex psychological disorders, long term psychoanalytical therapies were:

Accepted Answer

Leichsenring and Rabung (2008) found that long-term psychoanalytical therapies were more effective overall in treating complex psychological disorders.

Question 7

Heinz Kohut, who studied the narcissistic personality, viewed its development as the result of the parental figures' failed attempts to appropriately respond to a child's early attention seeking.Therefore, he underscored the importance of a therapist:

Accepted Answer

Kohut believed that a therapist should establish an empathic stance to rebuild the patient's self-confidence and self-esteem, which were not nurtured during his or her childhood.

Question 8

According to Freud, ______ shifts from oral sources to anal sources to the genitals during early development and later is expressed through sexuality with another object.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Freud, ______ shifts from oral...

Question 9

In working with patients, therapists must learn to attend to their own emotional reactions and process disturbing emotions in a non-defensive, non-judgmental manner.This is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The process described in the question is known as containment, which involves the therapist's ability to manage their own emotional reactions and process them without defensiveness or judgment. Rupture refers to a breakdown in the therapeutic alliance, interpretations involve the therapist's attempt to explain unconscious dynamics to the patient, and enactments involve the reenactment of past conflicts in the therapeutic relationship. None of these fully capture the concept described in the question.

Question 10

Freud's view of the individual psychic elements of the mind as layered in consciousness is known as _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Freud's view of the individual psychic elements...

Question 11

While the main emphasis of psychoanalysis is a focus on unconscious drives, the Jungian approach is focused on ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of While the main emphasis of psychoanalysis is...

Question 12

When Freud revised his psychological model to a structural model, he proposed _____, _____, and _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Freud revised his psychological model to...

Question 13

Several variations on psychoanalytic theory have emerged.The theorist who emphasized the internal representations one makes of others was:

Accepted Answer

Melanie Klein emphasized the internal representations one makes of others in her object relations theory, which is a variation of psychoanalytic theory. Anna Freud focused more on defense mechanisms, Margaret Mahler on separation-individuation, and D.W. Winnicott on the concept of the transitional object.

Question 14

If a therapist finds himself/herself reacting to a patient in a manner similar to a previous person in their life, this is known as _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a therapist finds himself/herself reacting to...

Question 15

The ability to hold onto one's own experience while simultaneously experiencing another as an independent center of subjectivity is termed ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ability to hold onto one's own...

Question 16

A therapist points out the similarities between her female patient's current anger at a female boss and the childhood anger she felt towards her mother.The goal of psychoanalysis this illustrates is:

Accepted Answer

The therapist is pointing out the similarities between the patient's current anger towards her female boss and the childhood anger towards her mother. This indicates transference, which is a psychoanalytic term for the unconscious redirection of feelings from one person to another. In this case, the patient may be transferring her unresolved childhood anger towards her mother onto her female boss.

Question 17

In contrast to therapy offered according to classic psychoanalytical theory, newer approaches focus less on childhood sexuality and more on:

Accepted Answer

Newer approaches to psychotherapy, such as attachment-based therapies, focus less on childhood sexuality and more on the patient's current relationships and attachment patterns. These therapies view early relationships and attachment experiences as critical to understanding current emotional and psychological functioning.

Question 18

Jacques Lacan would argue that the ego is a(n):

Accepted Answer

Lacan believed that the ego is an illusion, a false sense of identity or self-image that is created through our interactions with others and with cultural structures. He saw the ego as a product of language and social norms, rather than as a biological entity or psychic discharge. Lacan believed that the goal of psychoanalysis was to help individuals replace this illusory sense of self with a more authentic and flexible sense of identity.

Question 19

In contrast to traditional psychoanalysis, current psychodynamic psychotherapy approaches are less:

Accepted Answer

Current psychodynamic psychotherapy approaches tend to be less intensive than traditional psychoanalysis, which often required multiple sessions per week over several years.

Question 20

Freud viewed the main task of therapy as _______, which he referred to as a release of emotion connected with painful experiences that had not been naturally discharged.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Freud viewed the main task of therapy...

Quiz 2: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapies