Question 1

What is Erikson's fifth developmental stage?
A) trust versus mistrust
B) industry versus inferiority
C) autonomy versus shame and doubt
D) identity versus identity confusion

Accepted Answer

Erikson's fifth developmental stage is identity versus identity confusion. This stage occurs during adolescence and involves exploring and developing a sense of self and personal identity. Individuals who successfully navigate this stage develop a clear sense of who they are and what they want to achieve in life, while those who struggle with this stage may experience confusion and feelings of alienation or rebellion.

Question 2

Lena's father tells her,"Your grandmother was a minister,your mother was a minister,and you should be a minister." Without giving thought to her options,Lena agrees to be a minister.Concerning her career,Lena is in identity
A) diffusion.
B) foreclosure.
C) achievement.
D) moratorium.

Accepted Answer

Lena is in identity foreclosure because she commits to being a minister without exploring other options, accepting a career path based on her family's expectations rather than her own exploration or decision-making process.

Question 3

Vicki is a senior who has been drifting through high school.Her grades are mediocre and she has no plans for after graduation.In addition,she has no interest in world events or political issues.James Marcia would describe Vicki as being in identity
A) foreclosure.
B) diffusion.
C) moratorium.
D) achievement.

Accepted Answer

James Marcia's theory of identity development suggests four stages: identity diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and achievement. Identity diffusion is when an individual has no clear sense of identity and has not yet explored any options. Based on the given information, Vicki's mediocre grades, lack of plans for after graduation, and disinterest in world events or political issues suggest that she has not explored any options or developed a clear sense of identity, placing her in the identity diffusion stage. She has not committed herself to any particular identity and is therefore still searching for one.

Question 4

In which of Marcia's identity statuses has a commitment been made?
A) foreclosure and diffusion
B) foreclosure and achievement
C) moratorium and diffusion
D) moratorium and achievement

Accepted Answer

Foreclosure and achievement are the two statuses where a commitment has been made. In foreclosure, the commitment is made without exploring alternatives, often based on others' choices. In achievement, the commitment follows a period of exploration.

Question 5

At bare minimum,__________________ involves commitment to a vocational direction,an ideological stance,and a sexual orientation.
A) networking
B) identity
C) self-understanding
D) attachment

Accepted Answer

The statement is referring to identity, which involves commitment to various aspects such as "a vocational direction, an ideological stance, and a sexual orientation." Networking and attachment are not related to the commitment to these specific aspects, while self-understanding may be a component of identity but it is not specifically mentioned in the statement.

Question 6

Identity moratorium is characterized by a(n)of crisis and a(n)of commitment.
A) presence; presence
B) presence; absence
C) absence; presence
D) absence; absence

Accepted Answer

Identity moratorium is characterized by a presence of crisis and an absence of commitment, as individuals are actively exploring options but have not yet made a decision.

Question 7

College sophomore Brandi has made several appointments with her advisor to discuss whether she should continue to major in psychology or switch to art.When talking with her advisor she says,"I like the interpersonal aspect of psychology,but I also enjoy the creativity of art." According to James Marcia,Brandi is best thought of as
A) being in a crisis.
B) demonstrating connectedness.
C) exhibiting trust versus mistrust.
D) being psychologically abstract.

Accepted Answer

According to James Marcia's theory of identity development, Brandi is in a state of crisis as she is actively exploring and considering different options for her major. This is a normal and necessary part of identity formation during adolescence and young adulthood.

Question 8

Even though David has had an achieved identity for some time now,he reflects that throughout his life he has fluctuated between identity achievement and another identity status.What is this other status likely to be?
A) diffusion
B) moratorium
C) foreclosure
D) confusion

Accepted Answer

The other identity status that David has likely fluctuated with is moratorium. Moratorium is the status in which an individual is actively exploring different options and has not yet made a commitment to a particular identity. It is common for individuals to move between moratorium and achievement before settling on a stable identity. Diffusion is characterized by a lack of exploration or commitment to a particular identity, foreclosure is characterized by a commitment to an identity without having explored other options, and confusion is characterized by a lack of direction and a sense of uncertainty about one's identity. None of these status are likely in this case as David already has an achieved identity.

Question 9

Who proposed four statuses of identity,or ways of resolving the identity crisis?
A) Susan Harter
B) James Marcia
C) Henry Tajfel
D) Carl Rogers

Accepted Answer

James Marcia proposed the four statuses of identity or ways of resolving the identity crisis, which are diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and achievement.

Question 10

Erik Erikson argued that the central issue in adolescence is
A) competence.
B) identity.
C) gender-role development.
D) self-efficacy.

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson believed that the central issue in adolescence is identity, which involves exploration and experimentation with different roles and values in order to develop a stable sense of self. Competence, gender-role development, and self-efficacy are all important aspects of development, but they are not the central issue in adolescence according to Erikson.

Question 11

Which one of the following is associated with identity?
A) career and work path
B) conservative,liberal,or middle-of-the-road stance
C) spiritual beliefs
D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

Identity encompasses various aspects of an individual's life, including their career and work path, political stance, and spiritual beliefs. All of these factors contribute to shaping an individual's sense of self and how they identify themselves.

Question 12

Marcia's identity statuses are based on
A) Tajfel's social identity theory.
B) Selman's theory of perspective taking.
C) Erikson's theory of identity development.
D) Harter's Self-Perception Profile for Children.

Accepted Answer

Marcia's identity statuses are based on Erikson's theory of identity development. Marcia expanded Erikson's theory by proposing four identity statuses: identity diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and identity achievement, which reflect an individual's exploration and commitment to various identities.

Question 13

Eighteen-year-old Heidi resides in a highly technical society.According to Erikson,the central component of Heidi's identity would be linked to her current
A) family roles.
B) public roles.
C) vocational roles.
D) interpersonal relationship roles.

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory, the central component of identity during late adolescence is vocational identity. In Heidi's case, living in a highly technical society may shape her vocational goals and aspirations, making it the most likely option among the given choices.

Question 14

According to James Marcia,__________________ is defined as a period of identity development during which the adolescent is exploring meaningful alternatives.
A) moratorium
B) self-perception
C) crisis
D) exploration

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to James Marcia,__________________ is defined as...

Question 15

A short definition of _____ is who the person is.
A) internalization
B) identity
C) identification
D) isolation

Accepted Answer

Identity refers to the fundamental aspects that define who a person is, including their personality traits, beliefs, values, and life experiences. It is a key component of one's self-concept and shapes how they see themselves and interact with others. Internalization refers to the process of adopting beliefs or values as one's own, identification refers to the process of seeing oneself as similar to another individual or group, and isolation refers to a state of being alone or separated from others.

Question 16

The adolescent search for identity is important due to
A) their huge number of choices.
B) an increased sense of responsibility.
C) the search for what they will do.
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the above reasons are important for understanding the significance of the adolescent search for identity. Adolescents have a vast number of choices available to them, such as what career or hobbies to pursue, which can be overwhelming. Additionally, as they approach adulthood, they feel an increased sense of responsibility for their own lives and decisions. Ultimately, the search for identity is about figuring out who they are and what they want to do, which is essential for their personal growth and development.

Question 17

In Erikson's theory,the gap between the secure roles of childhood and the full independence of adulthood is known as
A) self-efficacy.
B) psychosocial moratorium.
C) the barometric self.
D) ethnocentrism.

Accepted Answer

The gap between the secure roles of childhood and the full independence of adulthood is known as psychosocial moratorium in Erikson's theory. This refers to the period in a person's life where they are actively trying to figure out who they are and what they want to do with their lives, but do not yet have the full sense of identity or independence that comes with adulthood. Self-efficacy refers to a person's belief in their own abilities to accomplish tasks or goals. The barometric self is not a term used in Erikson's theory, and ethnocentrism refers to a biased or limited perspective based on one's own cultural background.

Question 18

Identity formation involves commitment to
A) vocational direction.
B) an ideological stance.
C) sexual orientation.
D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

Identity formation involves commitment to multiple aspects of one's identity including vocational direction, ideological stance, and sexual orientation. Therefore, option D, "All of these," is the best choice.

Question 19

When 17-year-old Joey is asked what he wants to do after graduating from high school,what reply would indicate that he has adopted identity diffusion?
A) "I haven't really thought about a career that much."
B) "An engineer,since I'm good at math."
C) "A doctor,just like my mother."
D) "I have several options that I am currently exploring."

Accepted Answer

Identity diffusion refers to a state where an individual is unsure about their goals and values. Therefore, Joey's response of not having thought about a career much indicates that he is in a state of identity diffusion. Choices B, C, and D all suggest that Joey has established some direction towards a particular career, which is not indicative of identity diffusion.

Question 20

Frances told her parents that she was going to take time off from college and take some time to find herself.What identity status is she in?
A) foreclosure
B) diffusion
C) moratorium
D) achievement

Accepted Answer

Frances is in the moratorium identity status, as she is taking time off from college to explore and find herself.

Quiz 11: The Self and Identity

What is Erikson's fifth developmental stage?

Lena's father tells her,"Your grandmother was a minister,your mother was a minister,and you should be a minister." Without giving thought to her options,Lena agrees to be a minister.Concerning her career,Lena is in identity

Vicki is a senior who has been drifting through high school.Her grades are mediocre and she has no plans for after graduation.In addition,she has no interest in world events or political issues.James Marcia would describe Vicki as being in identity

In which of Marcia's identity statuses has a commitment been made?

At bare minimum,__________________ involves commitment to a vocational direction,an ideological stance,and a sexual orientation.

Identity moratorium is characterized by a(n) of crisis and a(n) of commitment.

Even though David has had an achieved identity for some time now,he reflects that throughout his life he has fluctuated between identity achievement and another identity status.What is this other status likely to be?

Who proposed four statuses of identity,or ways of resolving the identity crisis?

Erik Erikson argued that the central issue in adolescence is

Which one of the following is associated with identity?

Marcia's identity statuses are based on

Eighteen-year-old Heidi resides in a highly technical society.According to Erikson,the central component of Heidi's identity would be linked to her current

According to James Marcia,__________________ is defined as a period of identity development during which the adolescent is exploring meaningful alternatives.

A short definition of _____ is who the person is.

The adolescent search for identity is important due to

In Erikson's theory,the gap between the secure roles of childhood and the full independence of adulthood is known as

Identity formation involves commitment to

When 17-year-old Joey is asked what he wants to do after graduating from high school,what reply would indicate that he has adopted identity diffusion?

Frances told her parents that she was going to take time off from college and take some time to find herself.What identity status is she in?