Question 1

"Many emerging adults are optimistic about their future; and for emerging adults who have experienced difficult times while growing up,emerging adulthood presents an opportunity to direct their lives in a more positive direction." These are the two ways described by Jeffrey Arnett in which emerging adulthood can be viewed as:

Accepted Answer

Jeffrey Arnett describes emerging adulthood as the "age of possibilities" because it is a time when individuals have the freedom to explore different options and make choices that can shape their future. This view emphasizes the potential for positive outcomes during this period, particularly for those who may have faced difficulties in their past. The other options are not as appropriate since emerging adulthood is characterized by a lack of stability and uncertainty, and individuals are not typically burdened by significant social responsibilities during this time.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true about research conducted by Park and others (2006)on the mortality rates of emerging adults?

Accepted Answer

The statement that "the mortality rates of emerging adults are more than twice the mortality rates of adolescents" is true according to the research conducted by Park and others (2006). The other options are incorrect as the research found that unintentional injuries are the highest cause of mortality among emerging adult males, not suicide (Option A); the mortality rate among male adolescents was not specifically compared to emerging adults in the study (Option B); and there is no mention of females being chiefly responsible for higher mortality rates (Option D).

Question 3

Which of the following is a positive feature of the transition from high school to college?

Accepted Answer

College provides opportunities to explore different lifestyles and values, which is a positive aspect of the transition from high school to college.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true about the various markers of adulthood?

Accepted Answer

While marriage may be a recognized marker of adulthood in some societies, it is not universal across all cultures and countries. On the other hand, economic independence is a more universally recognized marker of adult status, but is also often a long and difficult process to achieve. The criteria for adulthood can vary across different types of economies and cultural contexts.

Question 5

Muscle tone and strength usually begin to show signs of decline around the age of _____.

Accepted Answer

Muscle tone and strength typically start to decline around the age of 30, a process known as sarcopenia. This decline can be mitigated through regular physical activity and strength training.

Question 6

Which of the following athletes would be most likely to peak the earliest?

Accepted Answer

Swimmers typically peak in their late teens or early twenties, due to the physical demands of the sport and the need for peak physical conditioning. Golfers, marathon runners, and baseball players can continue to compete at a high level well into their thirties, forties, or even beyond.

Question 7

In non-industrialized countries,marriage- the marker for entry into adulthood- usually occurs _____ the marriage in the United States.

Accepted Answer

In non-industrialized countries, marriage often occurs much earlier than in the United States. This is due to factors such as cultural traditions and economic necessity, where families may encourage their children to marry young to form alliances or secure financial stability.

Question 8

Examples of Dana Torres (Olympic swimmer)and Tom Watson (golfer)have been used to illustrate that:

Accepted Answer

Dana Torres and Tom Watson are both examples of athletes who were able to remain competitive at an older age than most athletes in their sport. This suggests that highly conditioned athletes can stretch the age limit on winning performances.

Question 9

All of the following are key features identified by Jeffrey Arnett to characterize emerging adulthood,EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Stability is not one of the key features identified by Jeffrey Arnett to characterize emerging adulthood. The other three options (identity exploration, being self-focused, feeling "in-between") are all key features of emerging adulthood according to Arnett.

Question 10

In the United States,the most widely recognized marker of entry into adulthood is:

Accepted Answer

While all of these milestones are significant, holding a permanent, full-time job is often seen as the most significant marker of entry into adulthood in the United States. This is because it demonstrates financial independence and a level of responsibility and commitment to work.

Question 11

Today's college students are _____ than students in previous generations,according to a national study of more than 165,000 freshmen at more than 230 colleges and universities.

Accepted Answer

The study indicates that today's college students experience higher levels of depression compared to previous generations.

Question 12

In a study conducted by Nelson and others (2007),both parents and college students agreed that taking responsibility for one's actions and _____ are important aspects of becoming an adult.

Accepted Answer

The study conducted by Nelson and others (2007) suggests that both parents and college students agree that taking responsibility for one's actions and developing emotional control are important aspects of becoming an adult. Physical maturity, spiritual maturity, and community service were not mentioned as important aspects according to the study.

Question 13

Most of us reach our peak physical performance:

Accepted Answer

Most people reach their peak physical performance before the age of 30, often between the ages of 19 and 26. This is when our bodies are at their strongest, fastest and most flexible. By the age of 30, our bodies begin to gradually decline in strength and flexibility.

Question 14

James,an American,will be most likely considered as an adult by his peers and community when he _____,whereas Nirmal,who lives in Bangladesh,will be most likely considered as an adult by his community when he _____.

Accepted Answer

Different cultures have different norms and expectations for when a person is considered an adult. In the United States, getting a full-time job and becoming financially independent is often seen as a milestone of adulthood. However, in many cultures, marriage is the defining characteristic of adulthood. Therefore, James in the US is more likely to be considered an adult after getting a full-time job, while Nirmal in Bangladesh is more likely to be considered an adult after getting married.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true about the various aspects of emerging adulthood?

Accepted Answer

The increased freedom that emerging adults have in Western society puts a premium on planning ahead and making positive choices. This is because they are responsible for the direction and outcomes of their lives, which requires careful decision-making.

B) is incorrect because identity exploration is a key aspect of emerging adulthood and can often be characterized by significant changes in love and work patterns.

C) is incorrect because emerging adulthood is a cultural construct that is not found in all societies.

D) is incorrect because one of the defining features of emerging adulthood is increased autonomy and independence in decision-making and life choices.

Question 16

According to a national study conducted by Eagan and others,more than 141,000 freshmen at more than 230 colleges and universities,today's college students experience _____ than students in previous generations.

Accepted Answer

The study suggests that today's college students experience more stress than students in previous generations.

Question 17

According to the observations made by the authors Joseph and Claudia Allen,the current generation of adolescents is experiencing _____ after adolescence.

Accepted Answer

The authors suggest that the current generation of adolescents is experiencing a prolonged period of adolescence, which they call "emerging adulthood." This is characterized by delayed entry into traditional adult roles and responsibilities, such as starting a career, getting married, or having children. Therefore, option C "more adolescence" is the best choice. Options A and B are not accurate, as the authors do not suggest that the current generation is experiencing an early entry into adulthood or parenthood. Option D is also not accurate, as the authors do not suggest that the current generation is experiencing infirmity after adolescence.

Question 18

Most swimmers and gymnasts peak in their:

Accepted Answer

Most swimmers and gymnasts peak in their late teens due to the physical demands and flexibility required in these sports, which tend to be at their highest during adolescence.

Question 19

Just as the transition from elementary school to middle or junior high school involves change and possible stress,so does the transition from high school to college.The two transitions have many parallels.Which of the following is one of them?

Accepted Answer

The top-dog phenomenon refers to the change in social status when students transition from being the oldest, most experienced students in high school to being the youngest and least experienced in college. This can cause stress and anxiety for students as they adjust to a new social hierarchy. Both the transition from elementary school to middle school and from high school to college involve a similar shift in social status and can lead to the top-dog phenomenon. Choices A, B, and D are not necessarily parallels between the two transitions.

Question 20

The transition from adolescence to adulthood has been referred to as emerging adulthood,which occurs from approximately _____ years of age.

Accepted Answer

Emerging adulthood is typically considered to occur between the ages of 18 to 25, sometimes stretching to 29 or 30. This period is characterized by identity exploration, instability, self-focus, and feeling in-between or at a transitional stage.

Quiz 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Which of the following statements is true about research conducted by Park and others (2006) on the mortality rates of emerging adults?