Question 1

Through which mechanism does insulin affect food intake?

Accepted Answer

Insulin increases the percentage of each meal that is stored as fats. It promotes the uptake and storage of glucose in adipose tissue, causing a decrease in circulating glucose levels, which can lead to increased hunger and subsequent food intake.

Question 2

You have won a contest, and the prize is a passionate kiss from your favorite celebrity! If you are similar to participants in a study who imagined such an event, you would choose to receive your kiss

Accepted Answer

Choosing to receive the kiss in a few days rather than right now allows for anticipation and excitement to build. This can make the actual experience more enjoyable and memorable. Plus, it gives some time to prepare mentally and physically for the encounter.

Question 3

An important source of energy for all parts of the body, and the main source of energy for the brain, is

Accepted Answer

Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body, including the brain. It is a simple sugar that is derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates in the diet. Sodium is an electrolyte that plays a role in regulating fluid balance and nerve function, but it is not a source of energy. Phenylalanine is an amino acid that is used by the body to make proteins, but it is not a source of energy. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, but it is not a source of energy.

Question 4

How does the hormone insulin influence eating and hunger?

Accepted Answer

Insulin regulates the entry of glucose into cells, which helps to reduce glucose levels in the blood. This in turn can help to reduce feelings of hunger and the urge to eat.

Question 5

Which hormone controls the rate at which nutrients (such as glucose) leave the blood and enter the cells of the body?

Accepted Answer

Insulin is the hormone that controls the rate at which nutrients, such as glucose, leave the blood and enter the cells of the body. It is produced by the pancreas and helps regulate blood sugar levels. Without enough insulin, glucose cannot enter the cells and builds up in the blood, leading to diabetes.

Question 6

Eating is limited by both short-term and long-term regulation. Which of these variables is most important for long-term regulation?

Accepted Answer

Body weight is the most important variable for long-term regulation of eating, as it determines an individual's overall energy needs and influences their appetite and eating habits over time. Blood sugar level and stomach distention are important for short-term regulation, while the appearance and taste of food can also influence immediate food choices.

Question 7

Blood levels of insulin influence hunger because insulin

Accepted Answer

Insulin causes sugars to leave the blood and be stored as fats, reducing the amount of glucose in the blood. This drop in blood glucose levels can trigger hunger signals in the body.

Question 8

When insulin levels are very low (as in diabetes),

Accepted Answer

Insulin is responsible for allowing glucose to enter cells, particularly muscle and fat cells. When insulin levels are very low, such as in diabetes, glucose cannot enter cells efficiently which leads to high blood glucose levels. The glucose that does enter cells is used up quickly, leaving very little for energy production. This may result in feelings of fatigue and weakness. The brain, however, largely depends on glucose for energy and may not function optimally in low glucose conditions. Many cells will resort to using alternative sources of energy such as ketones in the absence of glucose, but this is not as efficient as using glucose.

Question 9

The hormone insulin influences appetite by

Accepted Answer

Insulin regulates how much glucose enters the cells, which is important for providing energy to the body. When insulin levels are high, glucose levels in the blood decrease, which can lead to feelings of hunger and increased appetite as the body signals for more glucose to be consumed. Therefore, insulin plays a role in appetite regulation by affecting glucose levels in the body. The other options listed are not related to insulin's influence on appetite.

Question 10

Injecting insulin in a person whose levels are normal will result in

Accepted Answer

Injecting insulin into a person with normal insulin levels will lead to an increase in the uptake of glucose by cells, including its conversion and storage as fat, thus potentially leading to a higher percentage of each meal being stored as fat. Insulin promotes the storage of glucose as glycogen and fat, rather than its conversion or usage for immediate energy, which contradicts the effects described in the other options.

Question 11

Consistently low levels of insulin will produce __________ appetite; consistently high levels of insulin will produce __________ appetite.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consistently low levels of insulin will produce...

Question 12

How does a high level of blood insulin lead to an increase in appetite?

Accepted Answer

When blood insulin levels are high, glucose is more likely to be stored as fat instead of being used for energy. This can lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels, which can trigger hunger signals and increase appetite. Additionally, high insulin levels can lead to insulin resistance, which can further exacerbate hunger and cravings for high-carbohydrate foods.

Question 13

When insulin levels are very high, glucose enters the cells of the body rapidly and much of it is stored as fat. If the insulin levels remain high, the stored fat cannot be used for energy. What happens to the person's appetite?

Accepted Answer

When insulin levels are high and glucose is rapidly entering cells and being stored as fat, the body's cells are not able to access the stored fat for energy. This can lead to feelings of hunger and increased appetite as the body tries to compensate for the lack of available energy. Therefore, the person's appetite becomes very strong.

Question 14

Insulin is released by the?

Accepted Answer

Insulin is a hormone that is released by the pancreas in response to increased levels of glucose in the blood. The pancreas is an organ located behind the stomach that plays an important role in regulating blood sugar levels in the body.

Question 15

Weight gain is associated, at times, with

Accepted Answer

Consistently high levels of insulin are associated with weight gain because insulin promotes the accumulation of fat in adipose tissue by stimulating glucose uptake and conversion of glucose to fat.

Question 16

Very low levels of insulin leads to weight __________; very high levels of insulin leads to weight __________.

Accepted Answer

Very low levels of insulin can lead to weight loss because insulin helps in storing fat, and very high levels of insulin can lead to weight gain because it promotes fat storage. Therefore, very low levels of insulin make it difficult for the body to store fat, leading to weight loss, and very high levels of insulin make the body store more fat, leading to weight gain.

Question 17

How does a high level of blood insulin lead to an increase in appetite?

Accepted Answer

A high level of blood insulin causes glucose to be stored as fat instead of remaining available for use as energy. This can make the body feel like it is low on energy, triggering hunger and increasing appetite.

Question 18

An increase in the insulin levels in the body leads to

Accepted Answer

Insulin is known to regulate glucose levels in the body by causing the liver, muscle, and adipose tissues to take up glucose from the bloodstream. However, it also has an anabolic effect and promotes the storage of glucose as glycogen in the liver and muscle, and as fat in adipose tissues. Therefore, an increase in insulin levels can lead to weight gain.

Question 19

Which hormone causes a high percentage of each meal to be stored as fat?

Accepted Answer

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates the level of glucose in the blood. When we eat, our blood glucose levels rise and insulin is released to help transport the glucose into our cells to be used for energy. However, when there is excess glucose that cannot be used immediately, insulin signals the body to store it as fat. Therefore, high levels of insulin can cause a high percentage of each meal to be stored as fat.

Question 20

For most people, insulin levels are higher in midday than they are in the middle of the night. This tendency helps to explain why people are generally

Accepted Answer

Insulin helps to regulate blood sugar levels, which tend to be higher during meal times. Therefore, insulin levels are also higher during the day when people are eating more frequently. This can lead to feelings of hunger during the day when insulin levels are higher, and less hunger at night when insulin levels are lower.

Quiz 11: Motivated Behaviors

Through which mechanism does insulin affect food intake?

You have won a contest, and the prize is a passionate kiss from your favorite celebrity! If you are similar to participants in a study who imagined such an event, you would choose to receive your kiss

An important source of energy for all parts of the body, and the main source of energy for the brain, is

How does the hormone insulin influence eating and hunger?

Which hormone controls the rate at which nutrients (such as glucose) leave the blood and enter the cells of the body?

Eating is limited by both short-term and long-term regulation. Which of these variables is most important for long-term regulation?

Blood levels of insulin influence hunger because insulin

When insulin levels are very low (as in diabetes) ,

The hormone insulin influences appetite by

Injecting insulin in a person whose levels are normal will result in

Consistently low levels of insulin will produce appetite; consistently high levels of insulin will produce appetite.

How does a high level of blood insulin lead to an increase in appetite?

When insulin levels are very high, glucose enters the cells of the body rapidly and much of it is stored as fat. If the insulin levels remain high, the stored fat cannot be used for energy. What happens to the person's appetite?

Insulin is released by the?

Weight gain is associated, at times, with

Very low levels of insulin leads to weight ; very high levels of insulin leads to weight .

How does a high level of blood insulin lead to an increase in appetite?

An increase in the insulin levels in the body leads to

Which hormone causes a high percentage of each meal to be stored as fat?

For most people, insulin levels are higher in midday than they are in the middle of the night. This tendency helps to explain why people are generally