Question 1

Selective attention occurs after incoming information is organised and interpreted.

Accepted Answer

Selective attention occurs before incoming information is fully organized and interpreted, allowing individuals to focus on specific stimuli while ignoring others.

Question 2

Social identity theory includes the processes of categorisation and attribution.

Accepted Answer

Social identity theory includes the processes of categorization, identification, and comparison, not attribution.

Question 3

The perceptual process begins by attributing behaviour to internal or external causes.

Accepted Answer

The perceptual process begins with the selection and organization of stimuli from the environment, not with attributing behavior to causes. Attribution is a later step where we try to explain the causes of behaviors or events.

Question 4

The more we interact with someone,the more we rely on stereotypes to understand that individual.

Accepted Answer

Increased interaction with someone typically leads to a better understanding of their individual characteristics, reducing the reliance on stereotypes.

Question 5

Social identity theory states that we define ourselves in terms of our differences with people who belong to other social categories.

Accepted Answer

Social identity theory proposes that individuals categorize themselves and others into social groups based on shared characteristics such as race, gender, religion, etc. This categorization leads to the development of social identity, which refers to the portion of an individual's self-concept that's derived from their membership in social groups. The theory argues that we tend to view members of the same group as similar to us and members of out-groups as different from us. This in-group bias helps maintain a positive social identity and a sense of belongingness to our groups. Therefore, the theory states that we define ourselves in terms of our differences with people who belong to other social categories.

Question 6

Stereotyping is partly responsible for prejudice and discrimination.

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping is the act of making assumptions or generalizations about a group of people based on their ethnicity, gender, religion, or any other characteristic. This can lead to the formation of prejudices and discriminatory behaviors towards individuals who do not fit into these stereotypes. Therefore, stereotyping is partly responsible for prejudice and discrimination.

Question 7

Seeing a trend in a sequence of sales figures involves the process of categorical thinking.

Accepted Answer

Categorical thinking involves recognizing patterns and grouping objects or data based on shared characteristics. In this case, recognizing a trend in sales figures would involve categorizing the figures based on their numerical values and identifying a pattern or trend among these categories.

Question 8

Grouping people and objects into recognisable patterns is part of the selective attention process.

Accepted Answer

Selective attention involves the filtering of stimuli to focus on specific information. Grouping people and objects into patterns is a way of processing and organizing that information.

Question 9

Social identity theory explains how we perceive others as well as ourselves.

Accepted Answer

Social identity theory explains how individuals categorize themselves and others into social groups based on shared characteristics. It also explains how these social groups can influence our attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors towards others. Therefore, it explains how we perceive others as well as ourselves.

Question 10

Diversity awareness programs mainly educate employees about the value of diversity and the problems with stereotyping.

Accepted Answer

Diversity awareness programs aim to educate employees about the benefits of diversity and ways to reduce biases and stereotypes in the workplace.

Question 11

According to social identity theory,we tend to see unique characteristics in every person who is different from us.

Accepted Answer

According to social identity theory, we tend to divide people into ingroups (people who are similar to us) and outgroups (people who are different from us), and we may perceive individuals within an outgroup as fairly homogenous rather than seeing unique characteristics in each individual.

Question 12

Categorical thinking is mostly a conscious process of deciding what information in the environment to notice.

Accepted Answer

Categorical thinking is largely an automatic and unconscious process that helps us efficiently navigate and make sense of the world by organizing information into categories.

Question 13

Diversity awareness programs are designed specifically to correct deep-rooted prejudice and intolerance in the workplace.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Diversity awareness programs are designed specifically to...

Question 14

Stereotyping is a natural process that helps us to economise mental effort.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stereotyping is a natural process that helps...

Question 15

The three steps in stereotyping,in order,are: (a)identify negative information,(b)behave in ways consistent with previous expectations and (c)watch the employee form a positive or negative opinion of you.

Accepted Answer

The three steps in stereotyping, in order, are: (a) identify the group to which someone belongs, (b) attribute characteristics to that group, and (c) apply those characteristics to the individual without regard to their actual traits, behaviors, or beliefs. The given options do not accurately describe the steps of stereotyping.

Question 16

A person's social identity is a complex combination of his or her memberships in many groups.

Accepted Answer

A person's social identity is influenced by their memberships in various social groups such as family, nationality, occupation, religion, and others. These multiple group memberships interact and shape a person's identity.

Question 17

Employees can break out of their existing mental models by working with colleagues from diverse backgrounds who bring different mental models to the workplace.

Accepted Answer

Working with colleagues from diverse backgrounds can expose employees to different ways of thinking, challenging and expanding their existing mental models.

Question 18

Homogenisation and differentiation are two processes in social identity theory.

Accepted Answer

Homogenisation refers to the process of perceiving members of the same group as having similar traits, while differentiation refers to the process of perceiving members of different groups as having different traits. Both processes are integral to social identity theory.

Question 19

We are more likely to notice objects with features that are repetitive,intense and in motion.

Accepted Answer

This is because our brain is wired to detect patterns and changes, which are more likely to be found in repetitive, intense, and moving objects. This phenomenon is known as the "pop out effect."

Question 20

Stereotyping is an extension of the social identity process.

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping is a cognitive shortcut that is the result of the social identity process, which involves categorizing individuals into social groups and evaluating them based on group membership. Therefore, stereotyping is an extension of the social identity process.

Quiz 3: Perceiving Ourselves and Others in Organisations