Question 1

You are given a math problem to solve.As you try to remember the formula involved,what memory system is being searched?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

Maria has excellent study habits.She seems to know just what to review and how long to spend on each part of every course.Maria is applying what type of knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

Bottom-up processing refers to the way people examine a new stimulus for

Accepted Answer

Bottom-up processing involves analyzing individual features of a stimulus and building up to a complete perception. It focuses on recognizable features of a stimulus, rather than relying on context or prior knowledge to interpret the new information.

Question 4

The basic purpose of chunking as a memory strategy is to

Accepted Answer

Chunking allows us to group information into meaningful units, reducing the number of items that need to be held in working memory at once. This reduces cognitive load and frees up working memory capacity for other tasks, which can lead to better memory retention overall.

Question 5

A jogger is startled by the feeling of a moving object on his right side.It could have been a ferocious dog,but it turns out to be a newspaper page blown by the wind.What memory component was most directly involved?

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the initial stage of memory where information from the environment is briefly stored for a few seconds or less. In this scenario, the jogger's feeling of a moving object on his right side is a sensory memory.

Question 6

Items can typically be stored in working memory for approximately how long?

Accepted Answer

Working memory is a temporary storage system, and items can be stored for approximately 20 seconds. After that, if the information is not rehearsed or transferred to long-term memory, it is likely to be forgotten.

Question 7

One of the educational implications of sensory memory is that

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the educational implications of sensory...

Question 8

Cliff is good at solving math problems,but has difficulty solving problems in his computer class.His problem-solving ability in math represents what type of knowledge?

Accepted Answer

Domain-specific knowledge refers to knowledge or skills that are specific to a particular domain, such as math or computers. Since Cliff is good at solving math problems but struggles with computer problems, his problem-solving ability in math represents domain-specific knowledge.

Question 9

In the cognitive approach to learning,learning

Accepted Answer

The cognitive approach emphasizes the learner's active participation in the learning process, including their interpretation and perception of information. Therefore, learning depends a great deal on individual perception in the cognitive approach.

Question 10

Megan tries to remember the address,10 Anchor Street,by imagining a ten-dollar bill attached to the anchor of a ship.She is using a memory strategy called

Accepted Answer

Megan is using elaborative rehearsal, which involves associating new information with existing knowledge or experiences to make it more meaningful and memorable. In this case, she is using imagery and visualization to create a mental connection between the address and a visual cue. Chunking involves breaking down information into smaller, more manageable pieces, maintenance rehearsal involves repeating information over and over to maintain it in short term memory, and part learning refers to memorizing a complex task by learning its individual parts separately.

Question 11

Which one of the following persons most clearly illustrates the concept of elaboration?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following persons most...

Question 12

Top-down processing is distinguished by its reliance on a(n)

Accepted Answer

Top-down processing involves using one's prior knowledge and context to interpret information. Thus, understanding of the context of a situation is a key component of top-down processing. While the other options may also be involved in top-down processing, they are not its defining feature.

Question 13

While Mr.Lindsey was explaining the social studies assignment,Missy was finishing homework due for her next class.When the class began the assignment,Missy did not know what to do.According to the information processing model of cognitive learning,Missy was lost because

Accepted Answer

The answer of While Mr.Lindsey was explaining the social studies...

Question 14

What you are thinking about right now is being held in what type of memory?

Accepted Answer

Working memory is responsible for holding information that is currently being processed and manipulated, which means it includes the content of conscious awareness, such as thoughts or ideas that we might be pondering at the moment.

Question 15

Mr.Kawicki is teaching his sixth-grade science students about the scientific method.Students are instructed about each component of the method first in order to understand the whole process.This instructional strategy is based on what concept?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mr.Kawicki is teaching his sixth-grade science students...

Question 16

Which one of the following statements is consistent with the cognitive approach to learning?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive approach to learning emphasizes the role of mental processes such as perception, attention, and memory in the learning process. One of the key tenets of this approach is that the same event can be interpreted differently by different individuals, based on their individual mental processes and prior experiences. Therefore, choice D is consistent with the cognitive approach to learning, while choices A, B, and C do not align with this perspective.

Question 17

Alec still remembers how to touch-type,even though it has been three years since he has practiced.The memory system most directly involved here is

Accepted Answer

Touch-typing is a motor skill that requires procedural memory, which is responsible for remembering how to perform specific tasks or procedures, such as riding a bike or typing without looking at the keyboard. Episodic memory involves remembering specific events, semantic memory involves remembering general knowledge, and short-term memory is used for temporarily holding information.

Question 18

Compared to the behaviouristic orientation,the cognitive perspective recognizes people as what type of learners?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive perspective recognizes people as active learners who actively process information and develop their own understanding of the world. It emphasizes the role of internal mental processes such as perception, attention, memory, and problem-solving in learning and behavior, in contrast to the behavioristic focus on observable behaviors and external stimuli.

Question 19

Research has shown that the capacity of the working memory is limited to about how many chunks?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the working memory has a limited capacity of about 5-9 chunks. This means that people can hold about 5-9 pieces of information in their working memory at any given time. It is said that this range is affected by factors like individual differences, complexity of the information, and age.

Question 20

A photographer shoots a flashbulb directly into your eyes.For the next few seconds,all you can see are big blue dots everywhere you look.What type of memory is most directly involved in this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon being described is the afterimage caused by a strong sensory input, in this case the flashbulb. Sensory memory is responsible for the initial processing of sensory information, and it is likely that the afterimage is caused by the persistence of the flashbulb image in sensory memory. Long-term memory, semantic memory, and working memory are not directly involved in this phenomenon.

Quiz 8: Cognitive Views of Learning