Question 1

One might expect an ambassador forced to return on short notice to his or her native country to perform poorly because

Accepted Answer

The answer of One might expect an ambassador forced to...

Question 2

Which of the following can help reset one's circadian rhythms?

Accepted Answer

Exposure to bright light in the morning can help reset circadian rhythms by signaling to the brain that it is time to be awake and start the day. Staying indoors in artificial light during the initial shift and consuming caffeine and high energy drinks can actually disrupt circadian rhythms further.

Question 3

Bright light affects the timing of body rhythms by reducing the amount of melatonin produced by the

Accepted Answer

The pineal gland produces melatonin, which helps regulate sleep-wake cycles. Bright light exposure inhibits the synthesis and secretion of melatonin, which can disrupt the timing of body rhythms. The adrenal glands, pituitary gland, and pancreas do not play a significant role in the production of melatonin or regulation of circadian rhythms.

Question 4

Gilbert has been on the day shift for five years.He will be working on the night shift in three weeks.Which of the following would be the BEST advice to help Gilbert deal with this change?

Accepted Answer

Gradually preadapting sleep-waking time is the best choice as it allows the body to adjust slowly to the new sleep schedule without the need for stimulants or sleep aids. This can make the transition smoother and decrease the likelihood of sleep disturbances during the first few weeks on the new shift.

Question 5

If one is "cramming" for final exams,it is better to

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a regular sleep pattern, even while studying for exams, is important for overall health and cognitive functioning. It may be tempting to pull an all-nighter or take frequent naps, but these strategies can actually impair memory retention and reduce academic performance. Adequate sleep and rest are important for consolidating newly learned information and promoting optimal brain function.

Question 6

Bright light affects the timing of body rhythms by reducing the amount of

Accepted Answer

Melatonin is a hormone that plays a role in regulating sleep-wake cycles and is produced by the pineal gland. Exposure to bright light, especially in the evening, can reduce the amount of melatonin produced by the body, which can shift the timing of body rhythms, such as the sleep-wake cycle.

Question 7

Preadaptation refers to

Accepted Answer

The answer of Preadaptation refers to
...

Question 8

Regarding jet lag,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Adjusting to jet lag is not fastest when you stay indoors. In fact, exposure to sunlight and fresh air can help your body adjust to the new time zone more quickly.

Question 9

In national championship collegiate athletic competitions,the team that has to travel across five time zones is at a disadvantage because of

Accepted Answer

Jet lag is a physiological condition that is caused when a person travels across multiple time zones. This condition can result in sleep disturbances, fatigue, lack of focus, and impaired physical performance. Thus, a team that has to travel across five time zones for a national championship collegiate athletic competitions is at a disadvantage due to jet lag. The other choices are not relevant to the situation.

Question 10

If you were to travel across five time zones,you would feel best if you

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you were to travel across five...

Question 11

Aaron is switching from a day shift at work back to a late night/early morning.He can expect to experience

Accepted Answer

According to research, switching from a day shift to a night shift can disrupt the body's natural sleep rhythms and lead to symptoms such as irritability, fatigue, depression, and gastrointestinal issues. This is due to the fact that the body is not adapted to the new sleep-wake cycle, resulting in a lack of restorative sleep.

Question 12

Martha is flying from Chicago to Stockholm in a month.What would you tell her about "jet lag"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Martha is flying from Chicago to Stockholm...

Question 13

Regarding circadian rhythms,jet lag,and shift work,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Both shift work and jet lag disrupt circadian rhythms, but the physiological changes they cause are similar, not very different.

Question 14

With jet lag,one would be expected to experience

Accepted Answer

Jet lag typically causes fatigue, irritability, upset stomach, and depression due to disruption of the body's natural circadian rhythms. Other common symptoms include headache, difficulty concentrating, and insomnia. Excessive arousal and changes in personality traits are not typical symptoms of jet lag. While some people may experience periods of mental inefficiency, it is not generally associated with enhanced mental agility.

Question 15

It is bedtime as far as the brain is concerned,when levels of which of the following rise late in the evening?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin levels rise late in the evening, signaling to the brain that it is time to sleep. Serotonin and acetylcholine are neurotransmitters involved in mood and cognitive function, while androgens are sex hormones. None of these are specifically linked to bedtime regulation.

Question 16

You are about to take a long plane flight in a week.You begin going to sleep an hour later each day until your sleep cycle matches the time at your destination.To prevent jet lag,you are using

Accepted Answer

Preadaptation involves adjusting your body's internal clock before exposure to a new environment or condition, in this case, a different time zone, to prevent jet lag. By gradually shifting your sleep schedule to match the destination's time zone, you are preadapting your body to the new schedule.

Question 17

Which of the following is a good indicator of a person's circadian rhythm with most people reaching a low point two to three hours before their normal waking time?

Accepted Answer

Core body temperature is a good indicator of a person's circadian rhythm, with most people reaching their lowest core body temperature two to three hours before their normal waking time. This is why people tend to feel most groggy and tired in the early morning hours.

Question 18

Jet lag results when travelers experience a lack of synchronization between the local time of the place they have traveled to and their

Accepted Answer

Circadian rhythms refer to the internal biological systems that regulate a variety of bodily functions, including sleep/wake cycles. Jet lag occurs when travelers experience a disruption in their circadian rhythms due to the change in local time.

Question 19

Which of the following psychologists called the full use of potential "self-actualization" and described a hierarchy of human needs?

Accepted Answer

Abraham Maslow is the psychologist who coined the term "self-actualization" to refer to the full use of one's potential. He also developed a hierarchy of human needs, commonly known as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which placed physiological needs at the bottom and self-actualization at the top.

Question 20

Gradually matching your sleep-waking cycle to a new time schedule is called

Accepted Answer

Gradually matching your sleep-waking cycle to a new time schedule is called preadaptation, as it involves adapting or adjusting to a new schedule before fully transitioning to it. Drive reduction refers to the reduction of a physiological drive, adjusted homeostasis refers to maintaining a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions, and fundamental attribution refers to the tendency to explain behavior based on internal factors rather than external factors.

Quiz 42: Motivation and Emotion: Overview of Motives and Emotions