Question 1

Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)is currently the most popular approach to nonmedical therapy.

Accepted Answer

CBT is currently the most popular approach to nonmedical therapy, as it has been found to be effective in treating a wide range of mental health conditions.

Question 2

Jack considers himself to be a total failure in every aspect of his life because he failed one college class,a distortion of thinking that cognitive therapists call overgeneralization.

Accepted Answer

Overgeneralization is a type of cognitive distortion where a person takes a single negative event and sees it as evidence of a never-ending pattern of defeat or failure. Jack's belief that he is a total failure in every aspect of his life due to failing one college class is an example of overgeneralization.

Question 3

Denny,a 17-year-old college student,is playing online poker and believes that his losses must be followed by wins,
so he doubles his bet because of this cognitive distortion known as the gambler's fallacy.

Accepted Answer

The gambler's fallacy is the belief that past events affect future outcomes in a random game of chance. Denny's belief that his losses must be followed by wins is an example of this fallacy, and by doubling his bet, he is acting on this belief.

Question 4

Felipe is asked by his therapist to relax and talk about any thoughts that come into his head,letting his thoughts
move freely from one idea to the next.Felipe's therapist is using the Freudian technique known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Felipe is asked by his therapist to...

Question 5

Freudian psychoanalysis was the first of the therapeutic approaches that stressed the need to gain insight into the unconscious forces that are assumed to control us with these therapies now referred to as _______ therapies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Freudian psychoanalysis was the first of the...

Question 6

When Freud referred to the "royal road to the unconscious," he was talking about one's _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Freud referred to the "royal road...

Question 7

According to Freud,repressed memories,motives,and conflicts remain active in the personality and cause some people to develop rigid ego defenses and compulsive,self-defeating behavior.

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that repressed memories, motives, and conflicts can influence a person's personality and behavior, leading to the development of rigid ego defenses and compulsive, self-defeating behavior.

Question 8

Problems ranging from hyperactivity to anxiety have been shown to improve with the passage of time,even when not treated with therapy.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that many mental health problems can improve over time without treatment, especially in children. However, this does not mean that therapy or other interventions cannot be helpful in managing and resolving these issues.

Question 9

Today,the most popular approach to nonmedical therapy is _______ therapy.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive behavior therapy is currently the most widely used form of nonmedical therapy. It focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve mental health. It has been proven effective in treating a variety of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Brief psychodynamic therapy and client-centered therapy are also popular forms of nonmedical therapy, but they are not as widely used as cognitive behavior therapy. Gestalt therapy is a less common approach that focuses on individual perception and experience.

Question 10

Gestalt therapists urge their clients to intellectualize and talk about their past experiences.

Accepted Answer

Gestalt therapy emphasizes focusing on present experiences and sensations, rather than intellectualizing or analyzing past experiences. The goal is to increase awareness and understanding of one's current thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Question 11

Gestalt therapists are more directive and less insight-oriented than client-centered or existential therapists.

Accepted Answer

Gestalt therapy emphasizes on active experimentation, role-playing, and guided imagery to help clients gain awareness of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. The therapist may interrupt the client's speech or behaviors to highlight patterns and dynamics in the present moment, making the approach more directive than client-centered or existential therapy.

Question 12

Petra is extremely shy.To optimize her treatment outcome,her therapist is actively changing her distorted thoughts regarding her self-defeating beliefs about her shyness and her fears of being evaluated,while also increasing her social skills.Petra and her therapist practice these social skills,such as using open-ended questions in conversation,and then Petra goes out in public to practice these skills.This therapist is most likely a(n) _______ therapist.

Accepted Answer

The therapist in this scenario is actively changing Petra's distorted thoughts and increasing her social skills, which are hallmarks of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to mental health problems. The other options, existential, client-centered, and Gestalt, do not align as closely with the approach of addressing negative thought patterns and changing behaviors as CBT does.

Question 13

When Arnold's therapist analyzes Arnold's dream,the hidden,symbolic meaning of Arnold's dream is referred to as the manifest content.

Accepted Answer

The manifest content is the literal, surface-level content of a dream, while the hidden, symbolic meaning is referred to as the latent content.

Question 14

Victor Frankl based his logotherapy on experiences he had as a prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp.

Accepted Answer

Victor Frankl was a Holocaust survivor and his experiences in the concentration camp served as the basis for his development of logotherapy, a form of existential analysis. He believed that even in the most extreme and hopeless situations, individuals could find meaning and purpose in their lives.

Question 15

Rogers stated that a good therapist should be able to see and feel what the client is experiencing,a quality he called unconditional positive regard.

Accepted Answer

Rogers described unconditional positive regard as the therapist's acceptance and support of a client regardless of what the client says or does. The ability to see and feel what the client is experiencing is referred to as empathy.

Question 16

In the A-B-C analysis of rational-emotive behavior therapy,the letters stand for action,behavior,and catharsis.

Accepted Answer

In the A-B-C analysis of rational-emotive behavior therapy, the letters stand for activating event, belief, and consequence.

Question 17

According to Freud,when a client suddenly begins to whine and argue and treat the therapist like he does his mother,this illustrates the process of resistance.

Accepted Answer

This scenario illustrates the process of transference, where the client projects feelings and attitudes from a past relationship onto the therapist. Resistance, on the other hand, refers to the client's unconscious defense mechanisms that prevent them from bringing repressed thoughts and feelings into conscious awareness.

Question 18

Researchers have confirmed that psychoanalysis and related psychotherapies do,in fact,produce improvement in a majority of patients.

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of psychoanalysis and related therapies in producing improvement in many patients. While the exact percentage of patients who improve may vary depending on the specific therapy and the population being studied, the overall evidence supports the value of these treatments.

Question 19

Compulsive hoarders respond well to therapy when it both corrects distorted thinking about hoarding and actively modifies hoarding behavior in a therapy known as

Accepted Answer

Compulsive hoarders respond well to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) because it focuses on correcting distorted thinking and actively modifying behaviors associated with hoarding. Existential therapy and logotherapy are not specifically designed for hoarding behavior, and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) does not typically address cognitive distortions.

Question 20

Cognitive therapy is at least as effective as drugs for treating many cases of depression with people who have adopted new thinking patterns being less likely to become depressed again.

Accepted Answer

This statement is supported by research which has shown that cognitive therapy can be as effective as pharmacological treatments for many cases of depression, and that it can lead to long-lasting changes in thinking patterns that reduce the risk of relapse.

Quiz 66: Therapies: Humanistic and Cognitive Therapies