Question 1

A good way to tell whether members of a production team are satisfied with their jobs is to

Accepted Answer

Absenteeism can be an indicator of job satisfaction; frequent absences may suggest dissatisfaction.

Question 2

Intellectual ability tests are most useful in selecting people for ________ jobs.

Accepted Answer

Intellectual ability tests are designed to assess cognitive abilities such as problem solving, critical thinking, and logical reasoning. These skills are especially relevant for complex jobs, such as those that require high levels of decision-making, analysis, and problem solving skills. Therefore, in selecting people for such jobs, intellectual ability tests are likely to be effective in identifying candidates who have the necessary intellectual capacity to perform well in these roles.

Question 3

When women seek to be hired for powerful jobs,they are ______ likely to be hired as compared to men.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that women are often discriminated against in the workplace and are less likely to be hired for powerful positions compared to similarly qualified men. This phenomenon is known as the "glass ceiling." Despite efforts to promote diversity and gender equality, women still face barriers in achieving leadership roles.

Question 4

Which of the following is a strategy to improve both job satisfaction and productivity?

Accepted Answer

Improving supervisory style can enhance communication, support, and motivation, leading to increased job satisfaction and productivity.

Question 5

Employees at every level of the business are actively engaged in decision making when ________ is being used.

Accepted Answer

Participative management involves involving employees in decision-making processes, which helps ensure that employees at every level of the business feel valued and have a voice. Scientific management focuses on breaking down tasks and optimizing efficiency, while structuring involves developing an organizational framework. Laissez-faire supervision involves minimal supervision and allowing employees to work independently.

Question 6

When managers utilize the ______ method,teams of employees at every level of the organization are actively involved in decision-making.

Accepted Answer

Participative management involves empowering employees to be involved in decision-making processes. This approach is effective as it allows employees at every level of the organization to contribute their ideas and perspectives, resulting in better decisions that are more likely to be implemented successfully.

Question 7

When a supervisor is high in structuring,it means that they

Accepted Answer

When a supervisor is high in structuring, it means that they spend time organizing and directing the work of employees. This implies that they are attentive to the workflow and the allocation of resources, which can ensure that the team is productive and efficient. While options A, B, and C may be relevant, they are not necessarily indicative of a high level of structuring.

Question 8

Performance tests,assessment centers,and biodata are all generally ________ job selection measures.

Accepted Answer

Performance tests, assessment centers, and biodata are all generally valid job selection measures. This means that they are able to accurately predict job performance.

Question 9

When an industrial-organizational psychologist shows an interest in the rate at which employees quit a particular job,she or he is interested in

Accepted Answer

When an industrial-organizational psychologist shows an interest in the rate at which employees quit a particular job, they are interested in turnover, which refers to the number or percentage of employees who leave a job and must be replaced by new hires. Management by objectives involves setting specific performance goals for employees, participative management involves involving employees in decision-making processes, and absenteeism refers to the rate at which employees miss work.

Question 10

Your friend works for a major corporation that manufactures sprockets.If she says that job satisfaction is high in her plant,which of the following could you predict with the greatest accuracy?

Accepted Answer

Job satisfaction is often associated with lower turnover and absenteeism rates, so we can predict with the greatest accuracy that these factors are low in her plant. However, we cannot accurately predict productivity levels or specific HR practices (such as the use of job performance tests or intelligence tests) based solely on the statement that job satisfaction is high.

Question 11

When intelligence tests are used to select employees,generally more ________ will be selected than ________.

Accepted Answer

This answer is based on historical patterns of discrimination and bias in intelligence testing, which have consistently favored white individuals over other racial groups. Therefore, when intelligence tests are used to select employees, it is likely that more white individuals will be selected and less African Americans will be selected. It is important to note, however, that this is a generalization and not necessarily true for all cases.

Question 12

Of the type of jobs in the United States that offer high financial rewards or power over others,______ are held by men.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the type of jobs in the...

Question 13

One reason there are more men in powerful occupations than women is that women

Accepted Answer

Women often seek jobs that involve helping people, which can lead to a higher representation in caregiving and social professions rather than in positions traditionally viewed as powerful or high-status. This choice reflects societal norms and values that influence career paths.

Question 14

The more satisfied employees are,the more

Accepted Answer

Research shows that employee satisfaction is positively correlated with productivity. When employees are happy and satisfied with their job, they tend to be more engaged and motivated, and therefore more focused on their work. This increase in productivity can lead to better outcomes for the organization. Therefore, option C is the best choice. Options A, B, and D are all incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest that increased employee satisfaction leads to more resignations, accidents, or missed work.

Question 15

If a new employee has low intellectual ability,what would be an industrial-organizational psychologist's prediction about the employee's ability to learn a new job skill?

Accepted Answer

An industrial-organizational psychologist would predict that a new employee with low intellectual ability will have trouble learning a new job skill. Lower intellectual ability may limit the individual's ability to understand and perform complex tasks, as well as more simple ones, which can hinder their overall job performance.

Question 16

The main reason that more intelligent employees perform their jobs better is that they

Accepted Answer

Intelligent employees tend to learn their jobs quicker, which contributes significantly to better job performance. This ability to grasp new concepts, adapt, and apply knowledge efficiently makes them more effective in their roles.

Question 17

How well and how quickly new employees understand their job is best predicted by ________ tests.

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests are the best predictors of how well and how quickly new employees will understand their job because they measure cognitive abilities, problem-solving skills, and the capacity to learn and apply new information.

Question 18

If an employee is given the freedom to accomplish a specified set of goals,then the employee is working under the ________ approach.

Accepted Answer

Management by objectives is an approach in which an employee is given specific goals to achieve within a certain timeframe, but they are given the freedom to decide how to achieve those goals. This approach is focused on results and is a collaborative process between the employee and their manager. The other options listed (scientific management, structuring, communicative) do not involve giving employees the same level of freedom and autonomy in achieving their goals.

Question 19

Which of the following is the best predictor of later job performance and success in job-training programs?

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have shown that intellectual ability, specifically cognitive ability, is the strongest predictor of job performance and success in job-training programs. It is a key indicator of how well an individual can learn new skills, solve problems, and adapt to new situations. In-basket performance and organizational flexibility may be relevant factors in certain jobs, but they are not as consistent or reliable predictors as cognitive ability. Creativity may be valuable in certain fields, but it alone is not enough to ensure success in a job or training program.

Question 20

The most effective managers and supervisors are ______ and ______.

Accepted Answer

Considerate and communicative managers and supervisors are able to balance the needs of their team with the overarching goals of the organization. They are able to actively listen to their team members, provide feedback, and adapt their approach based on individual needs. This creates a positive work environment and fosters open communication, which ultimately enhances productivity and overall success. Directness can also be effective, but only when paired with consideration and clear communication to avoid coming across as aggressive or intimidating. And while introverted personalities can certainly be successful managers, being shy is not necessarily an asset in a leadership role. Narcissistic and self-centered individuals usually prioritize their own goals over the needs of the team and the organization.

Quiz 17: Psychology Applied to Business and Other Professions