Question 1

In the wake of the recent BP oil spill disaster in the Gulf of Mexico,there have been an increase in reported cases of _________.Some researchers are finding that virtual reality exposure therapy has helped with the treatment
Of these problems.

Accepted Answer

The mention of "posttraumatic stress disorder" suggests that the individuals affected by the BP oil spill are likely experiencing traumatic stress symptoms. Virtual reality exposure therapy has been shown to be effective in treating posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, making option A the best choice. The other options are not directly related to the context of the passage.

Question 2

Electroconvulsive therapy has been used successfully to treat ________that has not responded to other treatments.

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been found to be particularly effective in treating severe depression that has not responded to other treatments. While it may also be used for other mental health conditions, such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, the evidence supporting its effectiveness in these areas is more limited. ECT is not commonly used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 3

The drug ______ is used to treat depression.

Accepted Answer

Prozac is specifically used to treat depression, while Valium is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and Ritalin is a stimulant used for ADHD. Lithium is primarily used for bipolar disorder.

Question 4

Why does administration of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)often cause memory loss?

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) disrupts the process of consolidation, which is the process by which memories are transferred from short-term memory to long-term memory. This disruption can cause memory loss or gaps in memory.

Question 5

Prefrontal lobotomy is one form of ______.

Accepted Answer

Prefrontal lobotomy is a type of psychosurgery, which involves the surgical modification of the brain to treat mental illness. It was commonly used in the 20th century as a treatment for various psychiatric disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia. The procedure involved severing connections between the prefrontal cortex and other areas of the brain, with the aim of reducing the patient's emotional and behavioral symptoms. However, it had significant side effects, including personality changes and cognitive impairment, and is no longer used in modern psychiatric practice.

Question 6

A treatment for severe depression in which an electric shock is delivered to the patient,resulting in a seizure of the body and the release of a flood of neurotransmitters in the brain,is called____________.

Accepted Answer

The treatment for severe depression described in the prompt, in which an electric shock is delivered to induce a seizure and release neurotransmitters, is commonly known as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Choice A, prefrontal lobotomy, involves the surgical removal or destruction of parts of the brain, and is not a common treatment for depression in modern times. Choice C, trepanning, is an ancient medical practice of drilling or cutting holes in the skull, and is not a recognized treatment for depression. Choice D, relaxation training and meditation, is a non-invasive alternative treatment for depression, but does not involve electric shocks or seizures.

Question 7

What is one of the main advantages of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)as compared to similar drugs?

Accepted Answer

One of the main advantages of SSRIs as compared to similar drugs is that they have fewer side effects. This is important as it reduces the likelihood of adverse reactions and increases patient compliance with treatment.

Question 8

For which disorder was electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)originally developed as a treatment?

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was originally developed as a treatment for schizophrenia in the 1930s. However, it has since been used to treat other mental illnesses such as major depression and bipolar disorder.

Question 9

Bilateral cingulotomy has been performed in cases of ________ that have not responded to other therapy techniques.

Accepted Answer

Bilateral cingulotomy has been used as a treatment option for severe cases of major depression that have not responded to other treatment methods. It involves surgically disabling parts of the cingulate gyrus in the brain that are thought to be involved in depression. It is not typically used as a treatment for antisocial personality disorder, schizophrenia, or panic disorder.

Question 10

Psychotherapy involves talking things out with a professional.

Accepted Answer

Psychotherapy involves talking with a mental health professional to address emotional and behavioral issues and work towards personal growth and healing.

Question 11

A patient scheduled to have an operation called a bilateral cingulotomy may have which of the following diagnoses?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient scheduled to have an operation...

Question 12

Elyn was recently treated with electroconvulsive therapy.She is mostly likely experiencing which psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is often used to treat severe depression that has not responded to other treatments, such as medication and therapy.

Question 13

Systematic desensitization is a therapy method used in treating phobias that involves progressive relaxation and exposure to the feared object.

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of therapy used to treat phobias that involves gradually exposing the person to the feared object or situation while using relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety.

Question 14

Modeling has been used successfully in helping children overcome their fear of going to the dentist,social withdrawal,obsessive-compulsive behaviors,and phobias.

Accepted Answer

Modeling, a form of therapy where a person observes and imitates someone else's behavior, has been effective in helping children overcome various issues such as fears, social withdrawal, and phobias. It allows the child to see a positive example of the desired behavior and gives them the opportunity to practice it in a safe and controlled environment.

Question 15

Cassie is diagnosed with severe depression.Her psychiatrist has prescribed many medications and psychotherapy,all of which have not seemed to alleviate her depression.Her psychiatrist is now recommending _________.

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is often recommended for severe depression when other treatments, such as medications and psychotherapy, have not been effective. While the thought of ECT may seem daunting, it is a safe and effective procedure that can greatly improve depressive symptoms. Prefrontal lobotomy and trepanning are outdated and invasive procedures that are not commonly used today, and relaxation training and meditation may not be sufficient for severe cases of depression.

Question 16

Which of the following is the appropriate definition of psychosurgery?

Accepted Answer

Psychosurgery refers to surgical procedures that are performed on brain tissue in order to relieve or control severe psychological disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and depression. This can include procedures such as lobotomy or deep brain stimulation. Options A, C, and D refer to other medical procedures that are not considered psychosurgery.

Question 17

The primary goal of the person-centered therapist is to facilitate transference.

Accepted Answer

The primary goal of person-centered therapy is not to facilitate transference. In fact, person-centered therapists strive to minimize transference by creating a non-judgmental and empathetic therapeutic environment that promotes the client's capacity for self-exploration and personal growth.

Question 18

ECT (Electroconvulsive Shock Therapy)is most commonly used to treat ___________.

Accepted Answer

ECT is primarily used to treat severe depression that is not responsive to other treatments. It is not typically used to treat bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or phobic disorders.

Question 19

Due to new computer technology that involves having the client wear a headset that can project realistic anxiety-provoking images,therapists can now conduct ________ through virtual reality exposure in their offices.

Accepted Answer

The use of virtual reality exposure is a technique commonly utilized in exposure therapy, which involves exposing the client to the anxiety-provoking stimuli in a controlled way to help them overcome their fear or anxiety. Free association, transference, and unconditional positive regard are therapeutic techniques associated with psychoanalytic and humanistic approaches, and are not directly related to virtual reality exposure therapy.

Question 20

Free association occurs during psychoanalysis,when the patient talks freely about anything that comes to mind.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Free association is a central technique used in psychoanalysis, where the patient verbalizes whatever thoughts, feelings, or memories that come to mind without censorship or editing.

Quiz 13: Psychological Therapies

In the wake of the recent BP oil spill disaster in the Gulf of Mexico,there have been an increase in reported cases of _________.Some researchers are finding that virtual reality exposure therapy has helped with the treatment Of these problems.