Question 1

Romanticism in art and music was well characterized by

Accepted Answer

Beethoven's compositions are often regarded as a bridge between the Classical music of the 18th century and the Romantic music of the 19th century. He incorporated Romantic elements such as heightened emotion and personal expression into his music, while still using Classical forms and structures. Chateaubriand was a writer, not a painter, and while he helped popularize Romanticism as a literary movement, he did not anticipate the Impressionist movement in painting. Delacroix did use unconventional colors and techniques in his paintings, but this is not necessarily a defining characteristic of Romanticism. Friedrich did create programmatic music, but he was not as well-known in the musical world as Beethoven. Bach was a Baroque composer, predating the Romantic era.

Question 2

The Romantic artist whose paintings were described as "airy visions, painted with tinted steam" was

Accepted Answer

The description "airy visions, painted with tinted steam" is often attributed to the English Romantic artist J.M.W. Turner.

Question 3

All nineteenth century conservatives, from Edmund Burke to Joseph de Maistre, opposed any change whatsoever in the traditional political and social structures of society, and argued that a hereditary monarchy must be maintained at all costs.

Accepted Answer

While nineteenth-century conservatives like Edmund Burke and Joseph de Maistre emphasized the importance of tradition and social hierarchy, they were not uniformly against any change whatsoever. Burke, for example, accepted the need for reform in order to preserve society's underlying structures. Their conservatism was more about cautious, gradual change than absolute opposition to change.

Question 4

In architectural styles, the Romantics were particularly attracted to the

Accepted Answer

The Romantics were drawn to the Gothic style because of its mysterious, dark, and supernatural elements that aligned with their fascination with the sublime and the irrational. The Baroque style, on the other hand, was associated with extravagance, ornamentation, and grandeur, which did not fit with the Romantics' preference for simplicity, natural beauty, and emotion. The Neo-classical style, which emphasized rationality, order, and proportion, was also not as appealing to the Romantics as the Gothic style. The Post-Modernist style emerged much later than the Romantic period, and the Renaissance style, though admired by some Romantics for its revival of classical art and literature, did not hold as much sway as the Gothic style.

Question 5

Romanticism as an ideology and a mood embraced emotionality but avoided individualism, playing more to notions of collectivity.

Accepted Answer

Romanticism, as an ideology and a mood, celebrated individualism and emphasized the unique experiences and emotions of the individual. It rejected the constraints of society and embraced freedom and self-expression. While Romanticism did incorporate elements of collectivity in its celebration of community and nature, individualism was a central theme.

Question 6

Because of the increased employment opportunities resulting from the Industrial Revolution, the early nineteenth century experienced a significant decrease in crime, especially crimes against property.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. The Industrial Revolution actually led to an increase in crime, particularly in urban areas where people migrated to find work. The growth of cities also made it easier for criminals to hide and escape detection. Crimes against property, such as theft and burglary, were common during this time period.

Question 7

The initially successful Revolutions of 1848 ultimately failed because the revolutionaries were divided by political aims and nationalistic aspirations.

Accepted Answer

The various revolutionaries in Europe had different demands and goals for their respective countries, leading to a lack of unity and cooperation among them. The nationalist movements sought to achieve national independence and create separate nation-states, while others sought to establish democratic governments and liberal reforms. The lack of a common agenda and strategy ultimately led to the failure of the revolutions.

Question 8

Religion in the age of Romanticism experienced

Accepted Answer

The age of Romanticism saw a Catholic revival, especially in Germany, with philosophers and writers such as Friedrich Schleiermacher and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe embracing the Catholic faith. This was partly in response to the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason and rationality, which many found unsatisfying and inadequate for addressing the spiritual needs of individuals.

Question 9

Solitary confinement of prisoners, including the wearing of leather masks and sitting in separate stalls when in chapel, was abolished in the early nineteenth century as being barbaric and uncivilized.

Accepted Answer

Solitary confinement was not abolished in the early nineteenth century. It continued to be used and was even expanded upon in some cases, leading to concerns about its psychological effects and potential for abuse. The wearing of leather masks and sitting in separate stalls when in chapel was also not a common practice in solitary confinement.

Question 10

The romantic movement can be viewed as a(n)

Accepted Answer

The Romantic movement was a reaction against the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason and rationalism. It placed greater value on emotion, individualism, and intuition.

Question 11

The American romantic author of The Fall of the House of Usher was

Accepted Answer

The American romantic author of The Fall of the House of Usher was Edgar Allan Poe.

Question 12

Britain's New Poor Law of 1834 established workhouses for the unemployed where the living conditions were designed to be intentionally miserable and cruel so that people would be encouraged to leave the workhouse and find employment.

Accepted Answer

This is true. The purpose behind the harsh living conditions in workhouses was to discourage people from relying on the welfare system and to encourage them to seek employment.

Question 13

Regular police forces and prison reform were geared toward

Accepted Answer

Regular police forces and prison reform were created with the aim of creating more disciplined and law-abiding societies by enforcing the rule of law and punishing those who break it.

Question 14

Marxism is generally considered to be a utopian socialism because it envisioned the complete abolition of private property and the eventual withering away of all the institutions of society, from governments to religious organizations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Marxism is generally considered to be a...

Question 15

The Monroe Doctrine, promulgated by the United States, asserted that European powers should not meddle in Latin America-a statement of American regional hegemony.

Accepted Answer

The Monroe Doctrine stated that European powers should not interfere in the affairs of Latin America and that any such interference would be considered a hostile act by the United States. This was seen as a statement of American regional hegemony, as it asserted the United States' dominance and authority over the Western Hemisphere.

Question 16

The principles or concepts adopted at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 were legitimacy and the maintenance of the balance of power.

Accepted Answer

The Congress of Vienna in 1815 indeed adopted the principles or concepts of legitimacy and the maintenance of the balance of power.

Question 17

Which of the following were major themes/subjects of Romantic artists?

Accepted Answer

Romantic artists often focused on the beauty and power of nature, depicting landscapes in a dramatic and emotional style. This was a major theme/subject of their work. While portraits and religious scenes were also popular subjects for artists throughout history, they are not specific to the Romantic movement. Scenes from aristocratic family life and urban scenes were also not major themes in Romantic art.

Question 18

All of the following were characteristics of Romanticism except

Accepted Answer

Romanticism emphasized the supernatural and unknown, rather than rejecting it.

Question 19

The most important form of literary expression for the romantics was

Accepted Answer

Poetry was considered the most important form of literary expression for the romantics because it allowed for individual emotions, imagination, and subjectivity to be expressed. Many romantic poets rejected traditional forms and sought to create new forms that could better express their innermost thoughts and feelings. The emphasis on emotion and individual experience is a central characteristic of Romanticism.

Question 20

The literary model for early Romantics was

Accepted Answer

The Sorrows of the Young Werther, by Goethe, is considered one of the earliest examples of Romantic literature, and was highly influential on the early Romantic movement.

Quiz 9: Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815-1850