Question 1

​Which of the following is NOT true concerning a token economy?

Accepted Answer

A token economy may take significant time and effort to set up and maintain, as it involves deciding on the behaviors to reinforce, choosing appropriate tokens, creating a system for dispensing and tracking tokens, and regularly evaluating and adjusting the system as needed. Therefore, choice C is not true.

Question 2

​A researcher is trying to identify items that could be used as tokens to improve the academic performance of hyperactive students.Which of the following items would be good to use as tokens in the token economy?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

​A researcher plans to implement a token economy with a group of juvenile offenders in a treatment program.What is the first step in planning a token economy?

Accepted Answer

Defining the target behavior is the first step in planning a token economy. This involves identifying the specific behavior that the program aims to increase or decrease through the use of tokens. Without a clear target behavior, it is difficult to determine which behaviors will be reinforced with tokens and how the program will be structured. Once the target behavior is defined, the researcher can move on to identifying items to use as tokens, deciding on the reinforcement schedule, and identifying backup reinforcers.

Question 4

​Training is necessary in the implementation of a token economy so that change agents are able to consistently:

Accepted Answer

The answer of ​Training is necessary in the implementation of...

Question 5

​The tokens that are selected for use in a token economy must be:

Accepted Answer

The tokens selected for use in a token economy must be convenient to dispense, as ease of use is crucial for implementing the system effectively. Intangible tokens may not be as effective, as they lack a tangible marker of progress or reward. Tokens that are difficult to accumulate or that are only available from outside sources may also hinder progress in the program.

Question 6

​Which of the following components is NOT always used in a token economy?

Accepted Answer

Response cost refers to the removal of tokens following undesirable behavior. While it can be a useful component of a token economy, it is not always necessary or used in every token economy. The other three components listed (determining reinforcement schedule, establishing token exchange rate, identifying backup reinforcers) are typically considered essential to a functioning token economy.

Question 7

​A response cost component might be implemented in a token economy if:

Accepted Answer

Implementing a response cost component in a token economy requires the ability to take away previously earned tokens. Therefore, it is important for the change agent to have the ability to get the tokens back. Otherwise, the token system may become inconsistent and ineffective. Options A and D suggest that there are no competing behaviors, which is not always a requirement for implementing a response cost component. Option B suggests that the problem behaviors are not socially significant, which is not a prerequisite for implementing a response cost component.

Question 8

​Fading is implemented in a token economy:

Accepted Answer

Fading is commonly implemented in a token economy in order to gradually reduce the use of tokens and shift towards natural reinforcement contingencies to maintain the desired behavior. This helps to ensure that the behavior change will be maintained in the individual's natural environment once they leave the treatment program.

Question 9

​When an individual accumulates a specified number of tokens in a token economy,the tokens are exchanged for ____________ reinforcers.

Accepted Answer

In a token economy, tokens serve as backup reinforcers, meaning that they are exchanged for primary reinforcers such as food, toys, or privileges. Conditioned and secondary reinforcers are typically associated with classical and operant conditioning, while negative reinforcement involves the removal of an aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior.

Question 10

A teacher wants to increase the academic performance of the students in her class.The children receive stickers each time they complete an academic task,and when they have accumulated a certain number of stickers they can exchange them for 15 minutes of playing computer games.This program that uses conditioned reinforcers to strengthen a desirable behavior is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

This program that utilizes a secondary reinforcer (stickers) to reward the desired behavior and is commonly known as a token economy. It is a form of operant conditioning, where behavior is strengthened through the use of positive reinforcement in the form of tokens or points, which can be exchanged for rewards. This approach is often used in educational and therapeutic settings to increase motivation and encourage positive behavior.

Question 11

​Which of the following is NOT true concerning the use of response cost in a token economy?

Accepted Answer

Response cost is typically introduced after desirable behaviors have been established and tokens have been earned. It is used as a way of decreasing undesirable behavior and increasing the frequency of desirable behavior.

Question 12

​Which of the following is NOT true concerning the use of praise in a token economy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of ​Which of the following is NOT true...

Question 13

​A behavioral definition of the desirable behavior is important in a token economy for all of the following reasons except:

Accepted Answer

A behavioral definition is crucial for clarity, consistent reinforcement, and accurate recording, but assigning a label is not a primary function of defining desirable behavior in a token economy.

Question 14

​In a token economy,a token is delivered to an individual immediately ____________ occurs.

Accepted Answer

In a token economy, the token is delivered to an individual after the desirable behavior occurs. This helps to reinforce and increase the likelihood of that behavior happening again in the future. Tokens should not be given before the behavior (as this may not effectively reinforce the intended behavior), and should not be given after problem behavior (as this may reinforce or increase the likelihood of problem behavior occurring in the future). Therefore, the best choice is option D.

Question 15

​Which of the following is true concerning establishing the time and place for exchanging tokens?​

Accepted Answer

The time and place for token exchange should be planned in advance to ensure that individuals know when and where to go to exchange their tokens. This helps to establish consistency and predictability in the token economy, which is important for maintaining its effectiveness.

Question 16

​A conditioned reinforcer that is used in a token economy to increase desirable behavior is referred to as a(an):

Accepted Answer

A token is a conditioned reinforcer used in a token economy to increase desirable behavior. When a child exhibits desirable behavior, they are given a token which can later be exchanged for a backup/primary reinforcer (such as a toy or treat).

Question 17

​In a token economy,the token exchange rate refers to the number of tokens:

Accepted Answer

The token exchange rate refers to the number of tokens required to obtain backup reinforcers, which are the actual rewards or items that the tokens can be exchanged for.

Question 18

​At the beginning of a token economy a (an)____________ reinforcement schedule is often used,and when the desirable behavior begins to occur more frequently a(an)____________ schedule of reinforcement is used to maintain the behavior.

Accepted Answer

At the beginning of a token economy, it is important to reinforce the desirable behavior consistently in order to establish the behavior. This is why a continuous reinforcement schedule is often used initially. As the behavior becomes more consistent, a switch to an intermittent schedule of reinforcement can be made in order to maintain the behavior in the long term. This is because intermittent reinforcement results in more persistent behavior than continuous reinforcement. Therefore, the best choice is B) continuous; intermittent. Choice A) intermittent; continuous is incorrect because it suggests that the intermittent schedule comes first, which is not typically the case. Choice C) variable interval; fixed interval is not necessarily incorrect, but it is less valid than choice B) because it describes two specific types of reinforcement schedules rather than the general pattern of using continuous reinforcement initially and then switching to intermittent reinforcement.

Question 19

​A token becomes a conditioned reinforcer because it is paired with:

Accepted Answer

A token becomes a conditioned reinforcer through its association with backup reinforcers, which are primary or other established reinforcers given in exchange for the tokens.

Question 20

​Which of the following is NOT true concerning backup reinforcers?

Accepted Answer

Backup reinforcers do not interfere with the ability of a token to become a conditioned reinforcer; rather, they enhance it by providing value to the tokens.

Quiz 22: A: The Token Economy

Which of the following is NOT true concerning a token economy?

A researcher is trying to identify items that could be used as tokens to improve the academic performance of hyperactive students.Which of the following items would be good to use as tokens in the token economy?

A researcher plans to implement a token economy with a group of juvenile offenders in a treatment program.What is the first step in planning a token economy?

Training is necessary in the implementation of a token economy so that change agents are able to consistently:

The tokens that are selected for use in a token economy must be:

Which of the following components is NOT always used in a token economy?

A response cost component might be implemented in a token economy if:

Fading is implemented in a token economy:

When an individual accumulates a specified number of tokens in a token economy,the tokens are exchanged for ____________ reinforcers.

Which of the following is NOT true concerning the use of response cost in a token economy?

Which of the following is NOT true concerning the use of praise in a token economy?

A behavioral definition of the desirable behavior is important in a token economy for all of the following reasons except:

In a token economy,a token is delivered to an individual immediately ____________ occurs.

Which of the following is true concerning establishing the time and place for exchanging tokens?

A conditioned reinforcer that is used in a token economy to increase desirable behavior is referred to as a(an) :

In a token economy,the token exchange rate refers to the number of tokens:

At the beginning of a token economy a (an) reinforcement schedule is often used,and when the desirable behavior begins to occur more frequently a(an) schedule of reinforcement is used to maintain the behavior.

A token becomes a conditioned reinforcer because it is paired with:

Which of the following is NOT true concerning backup reinforcers?