Question 1

Which is following best describes the type of attention where individuals must tune out irrelevant information?

Accepted Answer

Selective attention involves the ability to focus on relevant information while filtering out irrelevant information. It requires tuning out distractions and maintaining focus on the task at hand.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes changes to attention and memory in late adulthood?

Accepted Answer

As people age, there is a natural decline in attention and memory abilities, although the degree of decline can vary from person to person. While some individuals may experience a more significant decline, in general, the changes are moderate. Therefore, option A, decline to some degree, best describes the changes to attention and memory in late adulthood.

Question 3

The ability to keep track of more than one information source simultaneously is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

Divided attention refers to the ability to pay attention to more than one information source simultaneously. Selective attention refers to the ability to focus on one specific information source while ignoring others. Sustained attention refers to the ability to maintain focus on a task over an extended period of time. On-task attention refers to the ability to stay focused on a specific task.

Question 4

What type of attention is described as when people are required to concentrate on a task for an extended period of time?

Accepted Answer

Sustained attention is the type of attention that is involved when someone is required to concentrate on a task for an extended period of time. This type of attention involves maintaining focus and avoiding distractions over a prolonged period.

Question 5

Discuss one sleep problem that is due to physiological causes and one that is due to psychological causes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss one sleep problem that is due...

Question 6

The ____ is a classic psychology experiment in which people were asked to indicate the color of a word flashing on a screen,but the word itself presents contrary information.

Accepted Answer

The Stroop test is a classic psychology experiment that involves measuring a person's response time to name the color of a word that is printed in an ink color that is different from the meaning of the word itself. This experiment measures cognitive control, selective attention, and processing speed. The other options are personality assessments and not related to the Stroop test.

Question 7

What type of memory is involved when an individual remembers how to perform a task or activity involving motor skills?

Accepted Answer

The type of memory involved when an individual remembers how to perform a task or activity involving motor skills is known as procedural memory. This type of memory allows us to remember how to perform specific actions or behaviors without conscious awareness or deliberate recall. It is often associated with physical movements, such as speaking, typing, or riding a bike.

Question 8

In which country is there a "New Old People's movement?" Explain the benefits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In which country is there a "New...

Question 9

What type of memory,which involves memory for information that is the current focus of a person's attention,declines with age?

Accepted Answer

Working memory is the type of memory which involves the ability to hold and manipulate information in conscious awareness, and it is the current focus of a person's attention. It is important for problem-solving, decision-making, and learning new information. Research shows that working memory capacity declines with age, starting as early as in the 20s or 30s.

Question 10

Your grandmother used to play piano at her community organization for many years.Lately,she has had some difficulty when she plays.She is having difficulty with what type of memory?

Accepted Answer

Procedural memory is the type of memory that is used to perform tasks and skills. It is the memory of how to do things, such as how to play the piano.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of when an individual must perform divided attention?

Accepted Answer

Driving a car while navigating with a map and carrying on a conversation requires divided attention as the individual must focus on both the road, the map, and the conversation at the same time.

Question 12

What classic psychological experiment was used to evaluate selective attention?

Accepted Answer

The Stroop test is a classic psychological experiment used to evaluate selective attention. In this test, participants are asked to name the color of ink of a word while ignoring the actual word itself. The test measures how effectively the participants can selectively attend to the relevant aspect of the stimulus (the color) and inhibit the irrelevant aspect (the word).

Question 13

Your grandfather works on the New York Times crossword puzzle every day.He has been very good at solving the puzzle and nearly always does.His ability to remember the meaning of words has shown no decline as he has aged,and really shows very little decline for most older adults.What type of memory is this?

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory refers to our ability to remember general knowledge and facts, such as the meaning of words. This is the type of memory that your grandfather is using when he solves the crossword puzzle, as he needs to remember the meanings of words in order to fill in the correct boxes. The fact that his ability to remember word meanings has shown no decline suggests that his semantic memory is still intact, despite his age.

Question 14

Your 83-year-old uncle has always been a very entertaining storyteller.In the past few years,he has been having difficulty remembering the names of people who are important for his stories.What difficulty is your uncle experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The difficulty the uncle is experiencing is the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon, where one struggles to remember a particular word or name, despite feeling like they should know it. It is a common experience among older adults.

Question 15

What is the feeling of knowing information that is in long-term memory,but being unable to retrieve it at the moment?

Accepted Answer

This describes the phenomenon known as the "tip-of-the-tongue" where a person is aware that they have stored a particular piece of information in their long-term memory, but they are temporarily unable to retrieve it.

Question 16

What type of attention is described as the ability to keep track of more than one information source simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

Divided attention is the ability to process and attend to more than one information source simultaneously. This can be seen in tasks such as driving a car and talking on the phone at the same time or listening to a lecture while taking notes. Selective attention refers to the ability to focus on one stimulus while disregarding others. Deprived attention is not a recognized term in psychology. Sustained attention refers to the ability to maintain focus and attention over an extended period of time on one task or stimulus.

Question 17

As aging occurs,what happens to people's ability to concentrate on a task for an extended period of time? In laboratory tests,older and younger adults were presented with a series of stimuli and were required to press a key only when they saw a particular pattern.Compared to younger adults,how did older adults do on this task? Older adults ____.

Accepted Answer

As people age, their ability to concentrate for an extended period of time can decrease. In laboratory tests, older adults typically respond more slowly and make more errors compared to younger adults on tasks that require sustained attention and concentration. Therefore, the best choice is D - older adults responded more slowly and made more errors.

Question 18

As aging occurs,people's ability to concentrate on a task for an extended period of time ____.

Accepted Answer

As people age, there is a natural decline in cognitive abilities, including attention and focus. This makes it more difficult to concentrate on a task for a prolonged period of time. Therefore, the best choice is C, as the ability to concentrate declines with age.

Question 19

Melina's grandmother has trouble hearing and she says to her mother,"I don't know why she won't wear hearing aids; you said she has the money and that you would take her to the doctor to get them." Explain two reasons why she might have a hearing impairment and at least one reason why she will not get hearing aids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Melina's grandmother has trouble hearing and she...

Question 20

Older adults often believe that they can remember events of long ago with special clarity.Research has found that there are ____.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that there are substantial declines in episodic memory as people age, including in their ability to remember events from long ago. However, some studies have also shown that older adults may perform better on memory tasks that involve their accumulated knowledge and life experiences (semantic memory).

Quiz 12: Late Adulthood