Question 1

Jacqueline is a college freshman.She loves to sleep late on weekends and assumes that college students in general prefer to sleep late.Jacqueline is making a false consensus error.

Accepted Answer

Jacqueline is assuming that her personal preference for sleeping late on weekends is shared by all college students, which is a false consensus error. She is projecting her own opinions onto a larger group without taking into account individual differences and preferences.

Question 2

Self-efficacy is the degree to which people have overall positive feelings about themselves.

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy refers to a person's belief in their own ability to achieve goals and handle challenges, not necessarily their overall positive feelings about themselves.

Question 3

One of the challenges of using personality tests in employee selection is that the rankings of the candidates who take the test may be affected by their ability to fake.

Accepted Answer

Some candidates may purposefully answer the questions in a way that they believe will make them appear to have desirable traits, even if those traits do not accurately reflect their true personality. This can lead to inaccurate rankings on the test, and ultimately, poor hiring decisions.

Question 4

Social monitors are especially good at evaluating the performance of other employees.

Accepted Answer

Social monitors are individuals who closely observe and report on the behavior and actions of others in the workplace. While they may be skilled at detecting problems or issues within a team, they are not necessarily the best evaluators of employee performance. That task is typically left to managers or supervisors who have a better understanding of performance expectations and evaluation criteria.

Question 5

Mary said,"I am quite confident in the plan I developed,as I worked quite diligently on it and I have implemented similar programs in similar settings." Mary seems to have high self-efficacy.

Accepted Answer

Mary's statement reflects high self-efficacy, which refers to an individual's belief in their ability to successfully complete a task or achieve a goal. Mary's confidence in her plan and previous experience implementing similar programs indicates that she has a strong belief in her own capabilities.

Question 6

Our visual perception is biased because we do not perceive objects in isolation.

Accepted Answer

Our visual perception is influenced by contextual factors such as lighting, background, and other surrounding objects. Therefore, we do not perceive objects in isolation, and our perception is biased by the context in which the object is perceived.

Question 7

Person/organization fit is the
A)degree to which a person's skill,knowledge,abilities and other characteristics match the job demands.
B)degree to which a person likes an organization.
C)degree to which a person's values,personality,goals and other characteristics match those of the organization.
D)degree to which a person's attitude matches the culture of the work group.

Accepted Answer

Person/organization fit refers to the degree to which a person's values, personality, goals, and other characteristics match those of the organization. It goes beyond just having the right skills and abilities for the job and takes into account the overall fit between the person and the organization's culture and values.

Question 8

"It was really nothing.These things happen to me because I happen to be in the right place at the right time." This statement suggests an external locus of control.

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that the individual is attributing their experiences to external factors, rather than their own actions or decisions. This is indicative of an external locus of control.

Question 9

Research indicates that personality tests are an excellent predictor of performance.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that personality tests have limited predictive power on job performance. While they can offer insights into individual traits, they are not consistently reliable in predicting job success across different roles and industries.

Question 10

The interactionist perspective suggests
A)behavior is a function of the person and the situation interacting with each other.
B)behavior is solely a function of the person's personality.
C)behavior is solely a function of the situation.
D)behavior is not predictable and can not be profiled.

Accepted Answer

The interactionist perspective emphasizes that behavior is a product of the interplay between situational and personal factors. It rejects the notion of behavioral determinism and views behavior as a dynamic and ever-changing phenomenon that is influenced by multiple factors. Therefore, choice A is the best answer.

Question 11

Proactive people understand the political environment in organizations,so they adjust quickly to new jobs.

Accepted Answer

Proactive people are aware of the dynamics and culture of the organization they work in, which includes understanding the political environment. This enables them to adapt quickly to new roles and responsibilities in the organization.

Question 12

If Dan complains about his instructors being boring every time they lecture,he is demonstrating high consistency.

Accepted Answer

Dan's behavior of complaining about all his instructors indicates consistency in his attitudes towards them.

Question 13

Sherri is creative,warm and caring.Person/job fit suggests one job she might be particularly effective at is
A)elementary school teacher.
B)accountant.
C)researcher.
D)pharmaceutical sales.

Accepted Answer

Sherri's creative, warm, and caring traits make her well-suited for a career that involves working with people, such as teaching young children. As an elementary school teacher, she can use her creativity to design engaging lessons, warmth to connect with students, and caring nature to create a safe and nurturing classroom environment.

Question 14

Individuals with an economic value orientation tend to make more unethical choices.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that individuals with an economic value orientation, meaning they prioritize financial gain over other values, are more likely to make unethical choices such as lying, cheating, and engaging in fraudulent behavior. This is because they are more focused on achieving their financial goals, even if it means disregarding moral considerations.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about Guy Kawasaki is true?
A)He is a best selling author.
B)He declared bankruptcy in 2010.
C)He invented the first Apple computer.
D)He thinks Organizational Behavior is unimportant.

Accepted Answer

Guy Kawasaki is a best selling author, having written books such as "The Art of the Start" and "Enchantment". He did not invent the first Apple computer, nor did he declare bankruptcy in 2010. While his views on organizational behavior are not clear, he has spoken and written extensively on topics such as entrepreneurship, marketing, and innovation.

Question 16

Guy Kawasaki is known for _________.
A)Proving that replacing an employee is costly.
B)believing that high turnover endangers customer service.
C)being an entrepreneur.
D)replacing employees is a time-consuming process.

Accepted Answer

Guy Kawasaki is best known as an entrepreneur, venture capitalist, and author. He is a well-known figure in the tech industry and has founded several successful startups. The other options do not accurately describe his area of expertise or focus.

Question 17

The USA,as a country,is considered to have high self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

The USA is often seen as a confident and proud nation, with a strong sense of national identity and a belief in American exceptionalism. This is often reflected in its foreign policy and cultural exports, as well as its political discourse and popular media.

Question 18

Research suggests that when we do self-evaluations,our scores are consistently higher than the scores given us by our peers and superiors.This is an example of self-enhancement bias.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Self-enhancement bias refers to our tendency to view ourselves in a more positive light than others do. This bias can be reflected in self-evaluations that are higher than evaluations given by others.

Question 19

Person/job fit is the
A)degree to which a person's skill,knowledge,abilities and other characteristics match the job demands.
B)degree to which a person likes an organization.
C)degree to which a person's values,personality,goals and other characteristics match those of the organization.
D)degree to which a person's attitude matches the culture of the work group.

Accepted Answer

Person/job fit refers to the degree to which a person's skill, knowledge, abilities, and other characteristics match the job demands. It is primarily concerned with the extent to which an individual has the necessary qualifications and competencies to fulfil their work responsibilities effectively. While liking an organization, matching values, personality, goals, and culture are important factors, they may fall under broader constructs such as person-organization fit and person-environment fit.

Question 20

A neat,professional appearance and a firm handshake are two important aspects of an interview because of the lasting impact first impressions make.

Accepted Answer

First impressions are crucial in interviews and are often formed within the first few seconds of meeting someone. A neat, professional appearance and a firm handshake can convey confidence and attention to detail, which are highly valued qualities in many industries.

Quiz 3: Understanding People at Work: Individual Differences and Perception