Question 1

According to Freud,the component of personality that seeks to reconcile the demands of the id,superego,and reality is the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the ego is the component of personality that seeks to reconcile the demands of the id (unconscious desires and impulses), superego (internalized moral standards), and reality.

Question 2

According to psychoanalytic theory,the part of the personality that strives for immediate gratification of basic drives is the

Accepted Answer

According to psychoanalytic theory, the id is the part of the personality that is driven by the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of basic drives such as hunger, thirst, and sex.

Question 3

Free association is central to

Accepted Answer

Free association is a technique used in psychoanalysis, where patients are encouraged to express their thoughts and feelings without censorship or judgement. This can help uncover unconscious thoughts and issues that may be contributing to their psychological problems.

Question 4

Six-year-old Marcel sees that his mother just baked some cookies.His immediate thought is to sneak a cookie before dinner,which is against his mother's wishes.Instead,he asks if he can have just one cookie.According to Freud,the desire for the cookie and the thoughts of sneaking a cookie come from the ________ seeking to satisfy the ________ principle.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the id is the part of the psyche that is responsible for our primitive impulses and desires, and it operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of those desires regardless of the consequences. In this scenario, Marcel's desire for the cookie and the thought of sneaking one before dinner come from his id seeking to satisfy the pleasure principle. However, by asking his mother for a cookie instead of taking one, Marcel is demonstrating the influence of his ego, which operates on the reality principle, seeking to satisfy id impulses in a way that is acceptable to the outside world.

Question 5

No matter how long and hard Lerae studies,she always feels she hasn't studied as much as she should have.A Freudian psychologist would suggest that Lerae shows signs of a

Accepted Answer

Lerae's feeling that she hasn't studied as much as she should have suggests that she holds herself to high standards and has strong internalized values and morals, which are characteristics of a strong superego according to Freudian psychology.

Question 6

A psychotherapist instructs Dane to relax,close his eyes,and state aloud whatever thoughts come to mind,no matter how trivial or absurd.The therapist is using a technique known as

Accepted Answer

The technique described in the scenario is free association, which involves the patient freely expressing thoughts and ideas without censorship. Fixation is a term used in psychoanalytic theory to describe an arrested stage of development, projection involves attributing one's own thoughts or feelings onto another person, and hypnosis involves inducing a trance-like state in an individual.

Question 7

Armand's parents won't let him go to a friend's party because of the lack of parental supervision.Armand decides to sneak out of the house to attend the party.After climbing out of his bedroom window he feels extremely guilty and returns to his room.According to Freud,the feelings of guilt come from his

Accepted Answer

The superego is responsible for enforcing moral standards and societal norms, and it often produces feelings of guilt when someone goes against those standards. Armand's guilt about sneaking out to a party despite his parents' rules is likely coming from his superego, which is internalizing society's expectations for responsible behavior.

Question 8

When 16-year-old Hafez received a large inheritance from his grandfather,he was tempted to purchase an expensive new car.He decided,instead,to deposit all the money into a savings account for his college education.Hafez shows signs of a

Accepted Answer

Hafez's decision to prioritize saving for his education over immediate gratification suggests that he has a strong sense of rationality and self-control, which are indicative of a strong ego.

Question 9

Bruce wants to be a loving husband but at the same time wants to express his disgust for some of his wife's habits.According to Freud,Bruce's ________ might enable him to partially satisfy both desires

Accepted Answer

The ego, according to Freud, mediates between the conflicting demands of the id (which contains our primal instincts and desires) and the superego (which represents our internalized ideals and values). Therefore, Bruce's ego might enable him to balance his desire to express his disgust with his wife's habits and his desire to be a loving husband.

Question 10

Forgotten memories that we can easily recall were said by Freud to be

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, forgotten memories that can easily be recalled belong to the preconscious mind, which means that they are not currently in our awareness but can be brought into conscious awareness with some effort or stimulus. Displaced memories refer to when an emotion or idea is unconsciously redirected from its original source to a replacement target. Fixated memories refer to when a person is stuck in a particular stage of psychosexual development. Unconscious memories refer to memories that are completely hidden from conscious awareness.

Question 11

According to Freud,the unconscious is

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the unconscious is the part of the mind that contains thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories that are not currently in our conscious awareness but can still influence our behavior. These unconscious thoughts may be repressed or forgotten, but they can still have an impact on our actions and decisions.

Question 12

Freud referred to the largely conscious "executive" part of the personality as the

Accepted Answer

Freud referred to the largely conscious "executive" part of the personality as the ego. The superego represents the moral and ethical standards, while the id represents the unconscious, instinctual drives. The Oedipus complex refers to a psychoanalytic theory about a child's unconscious sexual desires towards their parent of the opposite gender.

Question 13

As a result of his impulsiveness,David has had several run-ins with teachers and law enforcement.According to Freud,David's ________ is being overwhelmed by the desires of the ________.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the personality is structured into three parts: the id, ego, and superego. The id is the source of basic impulses and desires. The ego is the rational part that mediates between the desires of the id and the morals of the superego. When someone acts impulsively, it can be interpreted as the ego failing to mediate the desires of the id effectively. Therefore, David's ego is being overwhelmed by the desires of the id.

Question 14

Janine is repulsed by the thought of watching a pornographic video.Freud would have attributed these feelings to Janine's

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that the superego is responsible for our moral compass and it controls our sense of right and wrong. Janine's repulsion towards pornographic videos can be attributed to her superego, which is influencing her to reject this behavior based on societal and moral norms.

Question 15

According to Freud,the part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment is the

Accepted Answer

The superego is the part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment. It is essentially the moral component of personality, developed through the internalization of parental and societal values. The ego is responsible for mediating between the demands of the id and the constraints of reality, while the Oedipus complex is a psychosexual stage of development centered around a child's desire for their opposite-sex parent and rivalry with their same-sex parent.

Question 16

Ego is to id as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Ego and id are both parts of the psyche as defined by Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The ego operates on the reality principle, which seeks to balance the desires of the id (which operates on the pleasure principle) with the constraints of the outside world. Therefore, the analogous term to ego that operates on the same principles is the reality principle.

Question 17

When 2-year-old Matthew was told he would get no dessert until he finished the food on his plate,he threw his plate on the floor in a temper tantrum.Freud would have suggested that Matthew was unable to resist the demands of his

Accepted Answer

The id operates on the pleasure principle, striving to satisfy basic drives and needs immediately, without concern for the consequences. Matthew's tantrum suggests that he was unable to resist the immediate gratification of his desire for dessert, indicating that his id was dominating his behavior. The superego and ego are more concerned with social norms and reality, respectively, and the Oedipus complex is a Freudian theory related specifically to a child's feelings toward their opposite-sex parent.

Question 18

Freud believed that certain troubling symptoms could be traced to painful unconscious memories.This led him to suspect that these symptoms resulted from

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that psychological processes, specifically repressed memories in the unconscious, were the root cause of many troubling symptoms. He developed psychoanalytic therapy techniques to help individuals confront and work through these unconscious memories.

Question 19

Freud emphasized that the id operates on the ________ principle.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of basic impulses and desires without concern for social norms or consequences.

Question 20

Reporting whatever thoughts come to mind even if they are trivial or embarrassing is characteristic of

Accepted Answer

Reporting whatever thoughts come to mind even if they are trivial or embarrassing is a key aspect of free association, which is a psychoanalytic technique used in therapy.

Quiz 13: Personality