Question 1

Jeff,who is 14,engages in rigorous tennis drills or competitive play at least four hours every day because he wants to master the sport and play on one of the best university teams in the country.His goal and behavior best illustrate the concept of:

Accepted Answer

Jeff's behavior is driven by his desire to achieve mastery and excel in his sport. This aligns with the concept of achievement motivation, which involves the drive to excel and achieve success in challenging tasks.

Question 2

________ is confiding and sharing our joys,worries,and weaknesses with others.

Accepted Answer

Self-disclosure refers to the act of sharing personal information, such as joys, worries, and weaknesses, with others. This can help to build trust and strengthen relationships with others. Ostracism refers to the exclusion or rejection of individuals from a group or society, while self-transcendence and self-actualization refer to personal growth and achieving one's full potential.

Question 3

In a series of studies,research participants were informed that personality test results indicated they were the type likely to end up alone later in life.As a result,they became ________ likely to underperform on aptitude tests and ________ likely to become aggressive toward those who had excluded them.

Accepted Answer

Participants became more likely to underperform on aptitude tests due to the stress or negative emotions induced by the thought of ending up alone. They also became more likely to become aggressive toward those who had excluded them, possibly as a defensive or retaliatory response to perceived social rejection.

Question 4

Narcissism refers to feeling:

Accepted Answer

Narcissism refers to having an inflated sense of self-importance and a deep need for admiration and attention from others. People with narcissistic traits often have an exaggerated sense of their own abilities and achievements, and may exploit others for their own gain.

Question 5

Some college students were randomly assigned to edit and explain their Facebook page rather than to study and explain a Google Maps routing.These students subsequently scored higher on a measure of:

Accepted Answer

Engaging with one's own Facebook page can increase self-focus and self-admiration, which are components of narcissism.

Question 6

Online social networking tends to ________ self-disclosure,and Facebook profiles appear to be closer to people's ________.

Accepted Answer

Online social networking tends to encourage self-disclosure, as people feel more comfortable sharing personal information online. However, research suggests that people often present an idealized version of themselves on Facebook, highlighting their best qualities and downplaying their flaws. Despite this idealized self-presentation, Facebook profiles still appear to be closer to people's actual personalities than to their ideal personalities.

Question 7

Howard is preoccupied with accumulating new Facebook friends because he loves the attention it gives him.On his Facebook page he posts daily photos of himself that are designed to show off his good looks and body build.Howard best illustrates characteristics of:

Accepted Answer

Howard's preoccupation with accumulating Facebook friends and posting daily photos of himself that show off his good looks and body build are indicative of narcissism, which is characterized by an excessive need for admiration and attention.

Question 8

When researchers monitored the professional accomplishments of more than 1500 highly intelligent individuals,they found that the most successful were more ambitious,energetic,and persistent.This best illustrates the importance of:

Accepted Answer

The research indicates that the most successful individuals were those with high achievement motivation, which encompasses qualities such as ambition, energy, and persistence. This emphasizes the importance of having a drive to achieve and a willingness to persist in the face of challenges.

Question 9

Which of the following is an important component of grit?

Accepted Answer

Self-discipline is an important component of grit as it involves the ability to delay gratification, resist distractions, and persevere through challenges and setbacks. Self-discipline allows individuals to maintain their focus on long-term goals and work towards them persistently, which is a key characteristic of grit. Self-disclosure, narcissism, and social networking are not necessarily related to grit.

Question 10

Researchers have discovered that being unfriended or having a text message ignored elicits increased activity in the:

Accepted Answer

The anterior cingulate cortex, a region of the brain involved in emotional regulation and social pain processing, has been shown to be activated when individuals experience social rejection or exclusion, such as being unfriended or ignored in a text message.

Question 11

The desire for significant accomplishment,for mastery of skills or ideas,for control,and for attaining a high standard is called:

Accepted Answer

The desire for significant accomplishment, mastery of skills or ideas, control, and attaining a high standard is defined as achievement motivation, making option C the correct choice. The need to belong refers to a desire for social connections and relationships, while affiliation is the act of associating or joining a group. Social isolation is the state of being separated from society or a community. None of these definitions match the description given in the question.

Question 12

Those who engage in excess Internet socializing during work hours should be reminded that electronic message alerts,Facebook postings,and Internet pop-ups hijack:

Accepted Answer

Excess Internet socializing during work hours can hijack one's attention, as electronic message alerts, Facebook postings, and Internet pop-ups can be distracting and take away focus from work tasks.

Question 13

In studies of both secondary school and university students,________ has been a better predictor of school performance than intelligence test scores have been.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that self-discipline, including factors such as persistence, diligence, and long-term goal orientation, is a stronger predictor of academic success than intelligence test scores. While social leadership, social networking, and self-esteem may also contribute to academic performance, they have not been found to be as reliable predictors as self-discipline.

Question 14

Our need to belong is also referred to as the need for:

Accepted Answer

The need to belong is often referred to as the need for affiliation, or the desire to establish and maintain close relationships with others. Autonomy refers to the need for independence and self-determination, competence refers to the need to feel capable and effective, and ostracism refers to the experience of being excluded or rejected from a group.

Question 15

Sixteen-year-old Jonah practices his violin several hours a week with no prompting from his parents.His goal is to be accepted to Juilliard School and someday perform with the New York Philharmonic.Jonah's behavior exemplifies:

Accepted Answer

Grit refers to the perseverance and passion for long-term goals. Jonah's commitment to practicing his violin with the specific goal of being accepted into Juilliard School and performing with the New York Philharmonic demonstrates his determination to achieve his long-term aspirations.

Question 16

Grit can best be described as:

Accepted Answer

Grit is defined as a combination of passion and perseverance towards a long-term goal, so passionate dedication to an ambitious goal best describes it. Options A and B are related to social needs and are not related to grit. Option C describes a flow state, which can be a characteristic of grit but is not a complete characterization of the concept.

Question 17

Jonah is an avid visitor to various social networking sites.Both Jonah and his parents have noticed that all of his grades have dropped a letter grade or more.Jonah signs a contract with his parents to reduce his social networking time so that he spends more time studying and socializing with his family.According to the text,which of the following should NOT be placed in the contract?

Accepted Answer

Being denied all access to the phone and computer for an entire semester or until his grades improve may not be a realistic or practical solution. It is important to have limits on the amount of time spent online, turn off the mobile phone when it is time to study or spend time with family, and log his time on the phone and computer to make sure he is meeting his time limits.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a negative consequence of spending time on social networking sites?

Accepted Answer

Option A lists a positive consequence of spending time on social networking sites, therefore, it is not a negative consequence. The other options (B, C, and D) are negative consequences of spending time on social networking sites.

Question 19

Which of the following is most clearly a form of ostracism?

Accepted Answer

Solitary confinement is the intentional isolation of an individual from social interaction and is a clear form of ostracism. Autonomy refers to the ability to make independent decisions and does not necessarily involve social exclusion. Social networking and chain migration are processes related to social interaction and inclusion rather than exclusion.

Question 20

Eight-year-old Tommy has been acting up in class and so will not be allowed to play with his classmates during recess.Tommy's negative feeling about the punishment is because of:

Accepted Answer

Tommy's negative feeling about the punishment is due to ostracism, which is the act of being excluded or left out. In this case, he is being excluded from playing with his classmates during recess.

Quiz 10: Motivation and Emotion