Question 1

When settling refugees in the United States,government officials have learned that placing them in an area populated by those of the same ethnic group reduces loneliness and depression.This technique is known as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of When settling refugees in the United States,government...

Question 2

Professor Fiekema claims that people are genetically predisposed to form social attachments because those who did were more likely to reproduce and co-nurture their offspring to maturity.The professor's suggestion best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

The professor's suggestion that people are genetically predisposed to form social attachments because it has survival value suggests that this need to affiliate is biologically adaptive and favored by natural selection. This directly supports option C, which states that the need to affiliate has survival value. The other options, such as social networking, narcissism, and achievement motivation, are not directly related to the professor's claim about genetic predisposition and social bonding.

Question 3

American and South Korean collegians indicated that the satisfaction of ________ were the top two contributors to their peak moment in the past week.

Accepted Answer

The satisfaction of self-esteem and affiliation needs were the top two contributors to peak moments for both American and South Korean collegians, according to research. This suggests that social connections and feeling good about oneself are important factors for experiencing peak moments. Choices A, B, and D were not identified as top contributors in this study.

Question 4

Children who move through a series of foster homes without a sense of belonging to anyone are most likely to have difficulty developing:

Accepted Answer

Children who move through a series of foster homes without a sense of belonging to anyone are most likely to have difficulty developing deep attachments. This is because they may have experienced disrupted attachments in their early life, leading them to struggle with trusting and forming close relationships with others later on. This can have long-term effects on their emotional and social development. Difficulty developing motivation to achieve or a hierarchy of needs may be a result of other factors such as poverty and trauma, but these are not directly linked to the experience of moving through foster homes. Narcissism is not typically associated with a lack of attachment or the experience of foster care.

Question 5

Ten-year-old Sandy's older sister Morgan excludes Sandy from playing games with her and her friends when the friends come to their house to play.Morgan's treatment of Sandy is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Ostracism refers to excluding or ignoring someone from a group or activity. In this case, Morgan is excluding Sandy from playing games with her and her friends, which fits the definition of ostracism. Narcissism refers to excessive self-love and inflated self-importance, and is not relevant to this scenario. Autonomy needs refer to the need for independence and control over one's own life, and is also not relevant to this scenario. Chain migration refers to the process of one family member migrating to a new country and then sponsoring the migration of other family members, and is not relevant to this scenario.

Question 6

Miguel wonders how his friend Diego can wake up at 5:00 every morning to swim laps before school.When he asks about it,Diego replies that he simply wants to realize his highest personal potential in swimming.Diego's explanation is most consistent with ________ theory of motivation.

Accepted Answer

Diego's motivation seems to be driven by self-actualization, which is included in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. This theory states that individuals have various needs, and once one level of need is fulfilled, they move onto the next level until they reach self-actualization, where they strive to realize their full potential.

Question 7

Professor Jenkins tells his class that "self-esteem matters most in individualist cultures" and that "people have starved themselves for certain causes." Professor Jenkins' statements provide examples of criticisms of which theory of motivation?

Accepted Answer

Professor Jenkins' statements suggest a criticism of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which proposes that basic physiological and safety needs must be met before higher level needs, such as self-esteem, can be fulfilled. His statement about people starving themselves for certain causes is also a challenge to the idea that the fulfillment of basic needs is always the primary motivator of human behavior. The other answer choices are not relevant to the statements made by Professor Jenkins.

Question 8

Abraham Maslow suggested that self-transcendence needs motivate people to strive for:

Accepted Answer

Self-transcendence needs refer to the desire to connect with something beyond the individual self, such as a greater meaning or purpose. Therefore, the most appropriate choice is transpersonal meaning. Self-esteem and individuality are more closely associated with lower-level needs, while self-actualization is a separate concept within Maslow's hierarchy.

Question 9

Eleven-year-old Stephanie is seeing the school counselor because she reported to her teacher that she feels rejected and lonely because she has no school friends.Stephanie is experiencing ________ caused by her lack of friendships.

Accepted Answer

Ostracism refers to the experience of being excluded or rejected by a group. Stephanie's feelings of rejection and loneliness suggest that she is experiencing ostracism due to her lack of friends at school.

Question 10

________ is the deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the deliberate social exclusion of...

Question 11

Self-esteem is especially likely to be enhanced by satisfaction of our need to experience:

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem is closely associated with social acceptance and the feeling of belonging to a group. Being accepted by others can enhance our self-esteem, while ostracism can decrease it. Physical safety and narcissism may contribute to self-esteem, but are not as closely related as social acceptance.

Question 12

Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that people are unlikely to be motivated to obtain ________ if they are deprived of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that people...

Question 13

Sheila is more fearful of loneliness than of remaining in a physically abusive relationship with her boyfriend.This best illustrates the potentially harmful impact of ________ needs.

Accepted Answer

Affiliation needs refer to the desire for social connection and inclusion in social groups. Sheila's fear of loneliness suggests a strong affiliation need, which is causing her to prioritize staying in a relationship, even if it is physically abusive, in order to avoid being alone. Safety needs (D) may also be relevant, as fear of physical harm could contribute to Sheila's decision to remain in the relationship, but the emphasis on loneliness in the prompt suggests affiliation needs as the primary concern.

Question 14

Home-life satisfaction is more strongly predictive of subjective well-being in wealthy nations than in poor ones.This fact would be most clearly anticipated by:

Accepted Answer

Hierarchy of needs theory proposes that once basic physiological and safety needs are met, individuals strive for higher level needs such as social relationships and self-esteem. In wealthy nations, where basic needs are more likely to be met, individuals may place a greater emphasis on achieving satisfaction in their home lives, which in turn contributes to their subjective well-being. This relationship may not hold as strongly in poor nations where access to basic needs is more limited and may take precedence over home-life satisfaction.

Question 15

Pictures of loved ones activate feelings of safety and dampen feelings of physical pain by activating the:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pictures of loved ones activate feelings of...

Question 16

Ostracism,which threatens our need to belong,is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Ostracism is defined as the deliberate social exclusion of an individual, which can be a powerful threat to our need to belong. Option A is incorrect because excessive self-love and self-absorption is the definition of narcissism, which is not related to ostracism. Option B is incorrect because chain migration refers to a specific pattern of migration, and is also unrelated to ostracism. Option D is incorrect because ostracism is not necessarily a response to conformity, and can occur for a variety of reasons.

Question 17

Those who trace the origins of social bonding to its survival value are most likely to agree that the need to belong is:

Accepted Answer

Scholars who believe in the evolutionary origins of social bonding argue that the need to belong is genetically influenced. According to this view, social bonding was an important factor in the survival of early humans, as those who formed social connections were better able to protect themselves from predators and access resources necessary for survival. As a result, the desire to belong became ingrained in our genetic code over time.

Question 18

The anterior cingulate cortex shows increased activity in response to both physical pain and

Accepted Answer

The anterior cingulate cortex has been shown to be involved in social pain and in particular, ostracism. It also has a key role in physical pain processing. While self-disclosure, narcissism, and self-transcendence may involve activation in other neural regions, they have not been consistently linked to the anterior cingulate cortex.

Question 19

Abraham Maslow referred to the need to live up to one's fullest and unique potential as the:

Accepted Answer

Maslow referred to the need to live up to one's fullest and unique potential as the need for self-actualization. The other options, such as the needs hierarchy, need to belong, and need for self-esteem, are also part of Maslow's theory of motivation, but they do not specifically refer to the need for self-actualization.

Question 20

Ian is the only man in an office of five women.The women frequently spend time in the break room discussing mutual interests,leaving Ian alone and with no one to talk to.Their treatment of Ian most clearly illustrates:

Accepted Answer

Ostracism refers to the act of excluding or ignoring someone in a social setting. In this case, Ian is being left out of conversations and social interactions with his colleagues, which can lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness. The fact that he is the only man in the office of five women suggests that he may be experiencing gender-based ostracism, which can have negative effects on his well-being and work performance.

Quiz 10: Motivation and Emotion