Question 1

About ________ percent of WAIS scores fall between 70 and 130.

Accepted Answer

The WAIS is a standardized intelligence test, and its scores are distributed according to a normal distribution with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. This means that about 95% of scores fall within two standard deviations of the mean, which is between 70 (100 - 2 x 15) and 130 (100 + 2 x 15). Therefore, choice D, 95%, is the best answer.

Question 2

Which test has been demonstrated to be a highly reliable measure?

Accepted Answer

All three tests (Stanford-Binet, WAIS, WISC) have been demonstrated to be highly reliable measures. Reliability refers to the consistency or stability of the test results and is an important aspect of test quality. Therefore, choice D is the best answer.

Question 3

Different age groups are tested at the same time in a

Accepted Answer

In a cross-sectional study, individuals from different age groups are tested at the same time. The purpose of this study is to compare different age groups' performance on a specific task or test. Longitudinal studies, on the other hand, follow the same individuals over time, while factor analysis is a statistical method used to analyze relationships between variables. Standardized tests can also be used in cross-sectional studies, but they are not specific to this type of research design.

Question 4

A college administrator is trying to assess whether an admissions test accurately predicts how well applicants will perform at his school.The administrator is most obviously concerned that the test is

Accepted Answer

The administrator is specifically concerned with the predictive validity of the admissions test. Validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure. In this case, the administrator wants to know if the test accurately predicts how well applicants will perform at the school, making B the best choice. Standardization and normal distribution are important factors in test development, but they are not the main concern in this scenario. Reliability is important for any test, but it does not address the administrator's main concern of predictive validity.

Question 5

Children of different age groups were asked to complete the WISC so that researchers could compare the performance of younger and older children.The procedure used in this research best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

The procedure used in this research, where children of different age groups were asked to complete the WISC to compare their performances, best illustrates a cross-sectional study. Cross-sectional studies involve comparing data from different groups or individuals at the same point in time, such as measuring the intelligence levels of individuals at different age groups at the same time. In contrast, factor analysis involves identifying underlying factors that may explain patterns in data, longitudinal studies involve following a single group or individual over a period of time, and correlational studies involve examining the relationship between two or more variables.

Question 6

One reason older adults are less likely than younger adults to embrace new computer technologies involves the decline in ________ that occurs during adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence, which involves problem-solving and abstract reasoning, declines during adulthood while crystallized intelligence, which involves knowledge and experience, tends to increase. This decline in fluid intelligence can make it more difficult for older adults to learn and adapt to new technologies.

Question 7

A test has a high degree of validity if it:

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is intended to measure or predict. Option A directly addresses this definition, while options B, C, and D do not necessarily guarantee high validity. Consistency (option B) is important for reliability, a separate concept in testing, while normal distribution (option C) and standardization (option D) can contribute to the accuracy and comparability of test scores, but not necessarily their validity.

Question 8

Which of the following terms refers to a person's ability to reason speedily and abstractly?

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence refers to the ability to think and reason abstractly and quickly, solve problems, and adapt to new situations. Crystallized intelligence, on the other hand, refers to the accumulation of knowledge, skills, and experience over time. Factor analysis is a statistical method used to identify underlying factors that can explain patterns observed in data. Savant syndrome is a rare condition in which a person with a developmental disability or brain injury demonstrates extraordinary abilities in a specific area, such as music or mathematics.

Question 9

Crystallized intelligence refers most directly to a person's:

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence is the accumulation of knowledge, skills, and experience gained throughout a person's lifespan, including their verbal abilities and general knowledge.

Question 10

Andrea is conducting a study measuring the effectiveness of a new drug to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD..She has to select a scale that will consistently provide objective data about OCD symptoms on a weekly basis.Andrea needs the scale to provide consistent results that gradually change only in response to the positive effects of the drug.Andrea needs a scale with good:

Accepted Answer

Andrea needs a scale with good reliability, which means that the measure consistently produces similar results. This is essential for measuring changes in symptoms over time and determining the effectiveness of the drug. While standardization, predictive validity, and content validity are all important considerations for selecting a measure, they are not as crucial as reliability in this case.

Question 11

On which of the following tasks are 55-year-old adults most likely to perform just as effectively as they could 30 years earlier?

Accepted Answer

The answer of On which of the following tasks are...

Question 12

A test is reliable if it:

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency, stability, and dependability of a measurement or test. A test is considered reliable if it yields consistent, dependable results over time and across different scorers or raters. Therefore, the correct answer is B - a test is reliable if it yields dependably consistent scores.

Question 13

After learning about his low score on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale,Gunter complained,"I don't believe that test is a measure of intelligence at all." Gunter's statement is equivalent to saying that the WAIS lacks:

Accepted Answer

Gunter's statement suggests that he believes the WAIS does not measure what it claims to measure (intelligence), indicating a lack of validity.

Question 14

Raul has taken the SAT three times and his scores varied by only 10 points each time.Raul's test scores reflect the SAT's:

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency of a test or measurement. If Raul's scores varied by only 10 points each time, this suggests that the SAT is a reliable test because it is producing consistent results. The other options are not as relevant in this scenario as standardization refers to the process of making sure the test is administered and scored consistently across all test-takers, predictive validity is about how well the test predicts future performance, and content validity is about whether the test accurately measures what it is supposed to measure.

Question 15

Dr.Bronfman has administered her new 100-item test of abstract reasoning to a large sample of students.She is presently comparing their scores on the odd-numbered questions with those on the even-numbered questions in an effort to:

Accepted Answer

Comparing scores on odd-numbered questions with those on even-numbered questions is a common method for assessing the internal consistency reliability of a test. This involves checking whether the items of the test are measuring the same underlying construct or trait. If the odd-numbered questions are highly correlated with the even-numbered questions, it suggests that the test is reliable in measuring the abstract reasoning ability it is intended to measure.

Question 16

At a single point in time,researchers may test and compare the intelligence of members of different age groups.This bests illustrates a:

Accepted Answer

A cross-sectional study compares different groups at a single point in time, which is exactly what is described in the scenario. Longitudinal studies track changes in the same group of individuals over time. Factor analysis is a statistical technique used to identify underlying factors or patterns in data. Fluid intelligence is a type of intelligence that involves problem solving and reasoning, and it is not directly relevant to the scenario described.

Question 17

Researchers assess the correlation between scores obtained on alternative forms of the same test in order to measure the ________ of the test.

Accepted Answer

Correlating scores obtained on alternative forms of the same test is a way to measure the consistency or reliability of the test. Content validity refers to how well the test measures the intended construct, predictive validity refers to how well the test predicts future behavior or outcomes, and normal distribution refers to the distribution of scores in a population.

Question 18

A longitudinal study is one in which:

Accepted Answer

A longitudinal study follows the same group of people over a period of years and retests them to observe changes and development over time. This type of study allows for the analysis of variables that change over time, such as physical, psychological, and social development.

Question 19

Byong Yu just turned 60 years old.He's been an avid reader since he was a child,absorbing information about all kinds of disparate topics.He now feels ready to use his accumulated knowledge to create a book of crossword puzzles.The resulting puzzles would most likely demonstrate his:

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to accumulated knowledge and skills, which is exactly what Byong Yu is drawing on when creating crossword puzzles based on his lifetime of reading and learning. The other options (factor analysis, fluid intelligence, emotional intelligence) do not necessarily apply to this situation.

Question 20

If both depressed and nondepressed individuals receive similar scores on a diagnostic test for depression,it suggests that the test:

Accepted Answer

The test is not valid because it is not able to distinguish between depressed and nondepressed individuals.

Quiz 9: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence