Question 1

Our sense of taste was once thought to involve only the four sensations of

Accepted Answer

The four primary sensations of taste are now widely accepted to be bitter, sweet, sour, and salty.

Question 2

One theory suggests that hypnosis simply involves getting caught up in role playing the feelings and behaviors appropriate for "good hypnotic subjects." This theory emphasizes that hypnosis is a form of

Accepted Answer

The theory suggests that hypnosis is a form of social influence, where the subject gets caught up in the role-playing of the feelings and behaviors expected of a good hypnotic subject. This emphasizes the importance of the social context and expectations in hypnosis.

Question 3

The sense of ________ is a chemical sense.

Accepted Answer

Taste is a chemical sense because taste buds contain receptors for detecting different molecules and chemicals in food.

Question 4

A posthypnotic suggestion is made ________ a hypnosis session and is intended to be carried out in the future when the subject is ________.

Accepted Answer

A posthypnotic suggestion is made during a hypnosis session and is intended to influence the subject's behavior or actions once they are no longer hypnotized.

Question 5

The taste sensation umami is most likely to attract us to foods that are

Accepted Answer

Umami taste receptors are most sensitive to amino acids, especially glutamate and aspartate, which are abundant in foods high in protein. Therefore, foods that are rich in protein are most likely to attract us through the taste sensation of umami.

Question 6

Research on susceptibility to hypnosis indicates that

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that people who are highly responsive to hypnotic induction tend to be more imaginative and have better visualization abilities than those who are less responsive. While the skill of the hypnotist can have some impact on the success of the hypnosis session, the individual's own characteristics and attributes play a larger role in susceptibility to hypnosis. The idea that very few people can actually be hypnotized is a common misconception, as studies have found that the majority of people are capable of experiencing some degree of hypnotic trance.

Question 7

Hypnosis involves a state of

Accepted Answer

Hypnosis is a state of heightened suggestibility and responsiveness to hypnotic suggestions or instructions given by the hypnotist. It involves bypassing the critical factor or conscious mind and accessing the subconscious mind, where new beliefs, habits, or behaviors can be established or modified. Hypnosis can be used for therapeutic or entertainment purposes, but it is not a form of mind control or manipulation. The level of responsiveness to hypnosis may vary depending on the individual's personality, beliefs, expectations, and motivation, as well as the skill and rapport of the hypnotist.

Question 8

In surgical experiments,hypnotized patients have required ________ medication and they have recovered ________ than patients in unhypnotized control groups.

Accepted Answer

Hypnotized patients have required less medication and they have recovered sooner than patients in unhypnotized control groups.

Question 9

A split in consciousness in which some thoughts occur simultaneously with and yet separately from other thoughts is called

Accepted Answer

The described phenomenon of a split in consciousness is known as dissociation. Embodied cognition refers to the idea that cognition is closely tied to bodily experiences, extrasensory perception refers to claims of perceiving without sensory input and posthypnotic suggestion refers to suggestions given during hypnosis that are remembered and acted upon after the hypnosis session is over, none of which match the described phenomenon.

Question 10

A social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions,feelings,thoughts,or behaviors will spontaneously occur is called

Accepted Answer

Hypnosis is a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur.

Question 11

The same brand of chocolate truffles tasted better to Julia when she thought they cost $20 a pound than when she thought they cost half that much.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of top-down processing, where our expectations and beliefs about something can influence our perception and experience. Julia's belief that the truffles were more expensive likely led her to believe they were of higher quality and therefore taste better.

Question 12

The sense of smell is known as

Accepted Answer

The sense of smell is known as olfaction.

Question 13

Brain scans have shown that hypnosis increases activity in the frontal lobe attention systems.While hypnosis does not block sensory input,it appears to block our attention to it,lending support to the role of ________ in hypnosis.

Accepted Answer

The statement mentions that hypnosis appears to block our attention to sensory input, which supports the role of selective attention in hypnosis. This means that the person under hypnosis is focusing their attention on specific things, while ignoring or filtering out other things. Dissociation and distraction are not mentioned as playing a role in hypnosis in this context, and social influence is not directly related to the brain activity described.

Question 14

Just prior to awakening Chinua from a hypnotic state,the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he reached for a cigarette.Chinua's therapist was attempting to make use of

Accepted Answer

The therapist is using posthypnotic suggestion, which is a technique in which a hypnotist suggests to the hypnotized person that certain behaviors or thoughts will occur after hypnosis. In this case, the suggestion is that Chinua will feel nauseous whenever he reaches for a cigarette, with the goal of reducing his smoking habit.

Question 15

Sensory receptor cells that project antenna-like hairs are located within

Accepted Answer

Sensory receptor cells with antenna-like hairs are located within taste buds. These hairs are called microvilli and they detect chemicals in the food we eat, which generates a neural signal that gets sent to the brain, resulting in our perception of taste.

Question 16

The claim that hypnotic phenomena occur outside our normal awareness is associated with the theory that hypnosis involves

Accepted Answer

The claim that hypnotic phenomena occur outside our normal awareness is associated with the theory of dissociation, which suggests that hypnosis involves a separation or dissociation of conscious awareness from certain aspects of experience.

Question 17

One plausible theory suggests that hypnotic pain relief may result from

Accepted Answer

Selective attention is the process of focusing on certain stimuli while ignoring others. During hypnosis for pain relief, the patient may be directed to focus on specific sensations or thoughts, effectively screening out other sensory information related to the pain. This may result in a reduced experience of pain. Stereophonic hearing, extrasensory perception, and phantom limb sensations are not directly related to the mechanism of hypnotic pain relief.

Question 18

People hypnotized for pain relief may show brain activity in areas that receive sensory information but not in areas that normally process pain-related information.This fact most clearly supports

Accepted Answer

The fact that people hypnotized for pain relief show brain activity in areas that receive sensory information but not in areas that normally process pain-related information supports dissociation theory. This theory posits that hypnosis creates a dissociation, or a separation, between sensory and cognitive components of pain perception, allowing for the experience of pain relief without the usual cognitive and emotional components of pain.

Question 19

Suppose that unhypnotized adults who are encouraged to behave like children act just as genuinely childlike as hypnotized adults who are encouraged to act in a childlike manner.This fact would most clearly support the view that hypnosis involves

Accepted Answer

This fact would support the idea that hypnosis involves social influence, as it suggests that the behavior exhibited during hypnosis is not uniquely caused by the hypnotic state itself, but rather by the social cues and expectations of the hypnotic context.

Question 20

Receptor cells for our sense of ________ reproduce themselves every week or two.

Accepted Answer

Receptor cells for our sense of taste reproduce themselves every week or two. The other options, body position, hearing, and equilibrium, do not have receptor cells that regularly reproduce every week or two.

Quiz 19: Hypnosis