Question 1

Performing a finger tapping task while completing a verbal memory task impaired subject performance for the verbal memory task.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 2

Frontal patients tend to have problems performing on the Wisconsin card sorting task because they fail to perseverate.

Accepted Answer

Frontal patients tend to have difficulties on the Wisconsin card sorting task because they have trouble shifting their attention and adapting to changing rules, not because they fail to perseverate. Perseveration is the tendency to repeat the same behavior or response even when it is no longer appropriate.

Question 3

Sperling (1960) found that after an interval of one second between the presentation of an array and the tone _______.

Accepted Answer

Sperling's experiment showed that when a tone was presented one second after the array, the number of letters recalled greatly decreased. This suggests that the memory trace of the visual array faded quickly without immediate feedback or rehearsal.

Question 4

A serial probe recognition task is used so researchers can compare long-term memory performance across many species.

Accepted Answer

A serial probe recognition task is typically used to assess working memory rather than long-term memory.

Question 5

If you have to remember to buy five things from the store but you can't write them down on a list you might try rehearsing them in your mind. This process is called _______.

Accepted Answer

Rehearsing information in your mind temporarily stores it in your working memory. Buffered memory, string memory, and active memory are not commonly used terms in psychology when referring to memory processes.

Question 6

The "magic number" refers to the average amount of information we can hold in our ________.

Accepted Answer

The "magic number" is commonly referred to as 7 plus or minus 2, meaning that the average amount of information that can be held in our short-term memory is between 5 to 9 items. Therefore, the best choice is B, short-term memory.

Question 7

The prefrontal cortex can access long-term memories that can be integrated into a working memory task.

Accepted Answer

The prefrontal cortex is involved in working memory, attention, and decision making, and can access long-term memories to aid in these processes. Studies have shown that memories stored in the prefrontal cortex can be brought forth to aid in working memory tasks.

Question 8

Chunks of information in short-term memory do not get stored as the same chunks in long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chunks of information in short-term memory do...

Question 9

Compared to normals, amnesics show impaired long-term memory storage for a serial list task but their short-term memory tends to remain intact.

Accepted Answer

Amnesics have a well-known deficit in long-term memory, but their short-term memory is relatively preserved. This means that they have difficulty storing memories over long periods of time, but they can still hold information in their memory for brief periods. Therefore, compared to normals, amnesics show impaired long-term memory storage for a serial list task but their short-term memory tends to remain intact.

Question 10

The release from proactive inhibition demonstrates an interaction between long-term and short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

Proactive inhibition refers to the phenomenon where previously learned information interferes with the ability to learn new information. This demonstrates an interaction between long-term memory (previously learned information) and short-term memory (newly learned information).

Question 11

Neurological evidence suggests that medial and orbital areas serve a different role in working memory in the rat compared to the primate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neurological evidence suggests that medial and orbital...

Question 12

The ________ can hold about 20-30 items for a brief amount of time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ can hold about 20-30 items...

Question 13

The serial position curve tends to have a _______ shape.

Accepted Answer

The serial position curve typically has a U shape, reflecting the tendency for recall to be better for items at the beginning (primacy effect) and end (recency effect) of a list, with poorer recall for items in the middle.

Question 14

When reading over your notes from class you clearly remember what the teacher talked about at the beginning of the class but nothing after that. This is referred to as the ______.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is referred to as the primacy effect, which is the tendency to remember information at the beginning of a list or sequence better than information that comes later.

Question 15

Two monkeys were watching a researcher hide a reward under one of two plaques and had to remember where the reward was after a short delay. This technique for short-term memory is called the delayed response task.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately describes the delayed response task, which is a technique used to measure short-term memory in animals, including monkeys.

Question 16

When studying for your cognitive test you decide not to study the last chapter you covered before the test because you just learned it and you think you still know it. This is called the _______.

Accepted Answer

The recency effect refers to the tendency to better remember information that was presented most recently. In this scenario, the individual decides not to study the last chapter they covered because it is still fresh in their memory, so they are relying on the recency effect to help them recall the information during the cognitive test.

Question 17

Central executive works to transfer information between the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad.

Accepted Answer

The central executive is responsible for coordinating and integrating information from the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad, as well as from long-term memory. It does not transfer information directly between the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad.

Question 18

If you are asked to recall a set of numbers in the same order that you learned them it is called _______ recall.

Accepted Answer

Serial recall refers to the ability to repeat a series of items in the order that they were presented. This is different from free recall, where the order of items doesn't matter, and from cued recall, where the items are prompted with a cue or hint.

Question 19

If you had to remember a set of numbers in serial position, like 3-4-5 and then the number length increased to four, then five, then six, and so on, this test would measure our _________.

Accepted Answer

The test described is measuring digit span, which is the maximum number of digits a person can hold in short-term memory. The length of the numbers increasing over time tests the individual's ability to remember more information in a serial position. The other answer choices are not relevant to the test being described.

Question 20

Darwin and colleagues (1972) tested the short-term store for ______ information.

Accepted Answer

Darwin and colleagues tested the short-term store for auditory information, specifically the phonological loop.

Quiz 12: Short-Term Memory and Working Memory