Question 1

The changes in the patterns of physical growth and development that are known as the secular trend are most likely caused by

Accepted Answer

The secular trend, which refers to changes in physical growth and development patterns over generations, is primarily caused by improvements in nutrition and health status. As living conditions have improved and access to nutritious food has increased, individuals have grown taller and reached puberty earlier. Cultural values, stress, and sexualization are not likely to be primary causes of the secular trend.

Question 2

When transitioning from grade school to high school, students typically experience losses in achievement and self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

This is a common phenomenon known as the "ninth grade dip" where students struggle with the increased academic demands and adjustment to a new school environment, leading to lower grades and a decrease in self-confidence.

Question 3

Although bulimics are obsessed with their weight, they are not exceptionally thin but do suffer other physical consequences such as disturbances of body chemistry, stomach irritation, and hair loss.

Accepted Answer

Bulimics often have a normal body weight or sometimes even overweight, but they may still suffer from physical consequences such as electrolyte imbalances, gastrointestinal problems, and dental issues due to their bingeing and purging behaviors. Hair loss can also occur due to malnutrition and hormonal imbalances.

Question 4

Which of the following is the earliest sign of puberty for a female?

Accepted Answer

The development of breasts and pubic hair are usually the first visible signs of puberty in females, typically occurring between the ages of 8 and 13. Menstruation usually occurs later in puberty, around 2-3 years after the onset of breast and pubic hair development. The growth spurt typically occurs after both of these changes have already begun. Mesomorphic body type is not a clear or reliable indicator of puberty onset.

Question 5

Of the following, which is NOT an example of changes in primary sex characteristics during puberty?

Accepted Answer

growth of breasts

Question 6

Someone who suffers from anorexia is also likely to suffer from Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that individuals with anorexia are more likely to have traits of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder, such as perfectionism, rigidity, and a need for control. However, it is important to note that not all individuals with anorexia will have a diagnosis of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder.

Question 7

Which hormones are responsible for the development of the sex organs?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen is responsible for the development of female sex organs, while testosterone is responsible for the development of male sex organs. The other hormones listed are not specifically responsible for sex organ development.

Question 8

The three best predictors of leaving school early are a history of academic failure, higher levels of aggression, and above-average risk-taking behaviours.

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have consistently found that a history of academic failure, higher levels of aggression, and above-average risk-taking behaviours are three of the strongest predictors of leaving school early.

Question 9

When a parent stops smoking, the likelihood that their children will smoke decreases.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that when parents quit smoking, their children are less likely to smoke in the future. This may be due to a combination of factors, such as decreased exposure to secondhand smoke and a positive role model for healthy behaviors.

Question 10

During puberty, the most important endocrine gland is ________ because ________.

Accepted Answer

The pituitary gland is the most important endocrine gland during puberty because it activates the release of hormones from other glands, such as the gonads (testes or ovaries), which are responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the production of gametes (sperm or ova). Additionally, the pituitary gland produces growth hormone, which plays a role in overall growth during puberty.

Question 11

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by periods of binge eating alternating with purging behaviours.

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by restriction of food intake and significant weight loss. Purging behaviours may occur in some cases, but binge eating is not a defining characteristic of anorexia nervosa. Binge eating and purging behaviours are more commonly associated with bulimia nervosa.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of changes in secondary sex characteristics during puberty?

Accepted Answer

The growth of breasts is an example of changes in secondary sex characteristics during puberty. Secondary sex characteristics refer to physical features that develop during puberty that are not directly involved in reproduction, such as breast development in females and the growth of pubic hair in both males and females. The growth of the penis and testes are examples of changes in primary sex characteristics, which are directly involved in reproduction. The growth of the uterus is a primary sex characteristic that only occurs in females.

Question 13

The average age for first time drug use is 13 to 14 years old.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the average age for first time drug use is 13 to 14 years old.

Question 14

Teenaged girls are twice as likely as teenage boys to report feelings of depression.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true according to research studies and data that shows higher rates of depression among adolescent girls compared to boys.

Question 15

The high rate of suicide among Aboriginal youth is a very recent phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

The high rate of suicide among Aboriginal youth has been a consistent issue for decades, and is unfortunately not a recent phenomenon. Factors such as intergenerational trauma, social and economic inequality, and a loss of cultural identity have all contributed to this ongoing crisis.

Question 16

To help your child succeed in the transition from elementary to secondary school, it is important to help him maintain his interests and to set goals. These are called task goals.

Accepted Answer

Maintaining interests and setting goals are important task goals to help a child succeed in transitioning from elementary to secondary school.

Question 17

Employment for working teens beyond 15 to 20 hours per week can be detrimental to academic success and achievement.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that working more than 15 to 20 hours per week can lead to decreased academic performance and achievement in teens. This is because increased work hours can lead to fatigue, stress, and less time for homework and studying.

Question 18

When Nikolaos tries different solutions to a problem, he is using systematic problem-solving.

Accepted Answer

Systematic problem-solving involves trying different solutions and analyzing the outcomes to determine the most effective approach.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT considered a contributing factor to the steady drop in the average age of menarche onset in young girls in industrialized countries?

Accepted Answer

Increased exercise is not considered a contributing factor to the steady drop in the average age of menarche onset in young girls in industrialized countries. The other factors listed, such as lifestyle, protein intake, and fat intake, have all been linked to earlier onset of menarche.

Question 20

Mackenzie received an A+ in calculus. She maintains that she received the grade due to high expectations, standards, and hard work. This is an example of ability goals.

Accepted Answer

This statement is an example of achievement goals, not ability goals.

Quiz 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence