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Computing
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Fundamentals of Information Systems
Quiz 1: Information Systems in Perspective
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Question 61
Short Answer
_____ is a process for testing skills and knowledge resulting in an endorsement by the certifying authority that an individual is capable of performing particular tasks or jobs.
Question 62
Short Answer
A(n)_____ is a significant and ideally long-term benefit to a company over its competition,and can result in higher-quality products,better customer service,and lower costs.
Question 63
Short Answer
_____ is a theory that proposes that every organizational system is made up of four main components-people,tasks,structure,and technology-with an interaction among the four components so that any change in one of these elements will necessitate a change in the other three elements.
Question 64
Short Answer
The collection of rules,procedures,and relationships that must be followed by an expert system to achieve value or the proper outcome is contained in the expert system's _____.
Question 65
Short Answer
_____ allow computers to learn from past mistakes or experiences,such as playing games or making business decisions.
Question 66
Short Answer
_____ is the activity of creating or modifying information systems.
Question 67
Short Answer
A(n)_____ is an organized collection of people,processes,software,databases,and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers.
Question 68
Short Answer
_____ is a newer form of virtual reality that has the potential to superimpose digital data over real photos or images.
Question 69
Short Answer
The _____ is a theory developed by E.M.Rogers to explain how a new idea or product gains acceptance and diffuses (or spreads)through a specific population or subset of an organization.
Question 70
Short Answer
_____ is a strategy by which an organization determinedly and systematically gathers,organizes,stores,analyzes,and shares its collective knowledge and experience.
Question 71
Short Answer
An approach to work called _____ enables people to work from home or while traveling.
Question 72
Short Answer
One of the factors that can lead to attaining a competitive advantage is the _____ among existing competitors.
Question 73
Short Answer
The primary benefits of implementing an _____ system include easing adoption of improved work processes and increasing access to timely data for decision making.
Question 74
Short Answer
Workers in many organizations operate in a(n)_____ environment in which software and data storage are provided by the Internet;the services are run on another organization's computer hardware,and both software and data are easily accessed.
Question 75
Short Answer
The internal rate of return of an investment is the rate of return that makes the net present value of all _____ cash flows (benefits and costs)generated by a project equal to zero.
Question 76
Short Answer
In a manufacturing organization,the _____ is a key value chain whose primary activities include inbound logistics,operations,outbound logistics,marketing and sales,and service.
Question 77
Short Answer
The _____ phase of systems development involves installing a new system into the actual production computer environment in which it is expected to run and resolving any problems uncovered in integration and testing.