Question 1

Information is grouped for storage in short-term memory through the process of ________.
A) rote rehearsal
B) cueing
C) chunking
D) categorizing

Accepted Answer

Information is grouped for storage in short-term memory through the process of chunking, which involves organizing individual pieces of information into larger groups or units, making it easier to remember and recall the information later. Rote rehearsal involves repeating information over and over again, while cueing and categorizing may also aid in memory retrieval but do not involve the initial grouping of information in short-term memory.

Question 2

An individual's semantic memory contains:
A) memories about events.
B) background knowledge about words, symbols, concepts and rules arranged as hierarchies of information in categories and subordinate categories.
C) autobiographical information about one's previous experiences.
D) the order and sequence of information from specific to general.

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory is the type of long-term memory that deals with the meaning of words, symbols, concepts, and rules. It comprises background knowledge that is stored as hierarchies of information in categories and subordinate categories. It does not deal with memories about specific events or autobiographical information. The order and sequence of information from specific to general are features of episodic memory, which is different from semantic memory.

Question 3

Chunking aids:
A) understanding.
B) perception.
C) retention.
D) encoding.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chunking aids:
A) understanding.
B) perception.
C) retention.
D) encoding....

Question 4

The state psychology association has invited teams from all the colleges in the state to compete in a Psych Bowl. The teams will answer questions such as "Who founded the first psychology laboratory?" Where is this information stored?
A) long-term memory
B) short-term memory
C) conceptual memory
D) primary memory

Accepted Answer

The information about who founded the first psychology laboratory is likely stored in long-term memory, as it is a fact that has been learned and is not likely to be forgotten easily. Short-term memory is more focused on holding information for immediate use, while conceptual memory and primary memory are not commonly used terms in psychology.

Question 5

A soldier was injured when a mortar exploded next to him. Although he recovered from his wounds, he is not able to recall information from years ago. What term is used to describe this soldier's condition?
A) retroactive amnesia
B) retrograde amnesia
C) proactive amnesia
D) anteretrograde amnesia

Accepted Answer

Retrograde amnesia is a type of memory loss where a person is unable to recall events that occurred before the onset of amnesia. In this case, the soldier's inability to recall information from years ago after being injured suggests the presence of retrograde amnesia.

Question 6

The portion of long-term memory that stores specific information that has personal meaning is called ________ memory.
A) emotional
B) episodic
C) semantic
D) procedural

Accepted Answer

Episodic memory is the portion of long-term memory that stores specific information that has personal meaning, such as experiences and events. Emotional memory refers to the influence that emotions can have on memory recall, but it is not a distinct portion of long-term memory like episodic memory. Semantic memory stores general knowledge and facts, while procedural memory is responsible for remembering how to perform certain actions and skills.

Question 7

Steve was recalling his first day in college, including walking into the wrong class, dropping his books as he left, and the long line at the registrar's office he encountered when he had to switch classes. These memories are examples of:
A) semantic memory.
B) implicit memory.
C) procedural memory.
D) episodic memory.

Accepted Answer

These memories are specific to Steve's personal experience and involve recalling events that occurred on a specific day, which are characteristics of episodic memory.

Question 8

Most people cannot store the following list of letters in short-term memory. G O T O Y O U R B E D R O O M
However, if the letters are grouped meaningfully into words, they fit short-term's memory span: Go to your bedroom. This illustrates ________.
A) chunking
B) backward masking
C) verbal coding
D) selective attention

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is known as chunking, which involves grouping individual units of information into larger, meaningful units. This allows for improved memory retention and recall.

Question 9

The type of memory that is most like an encyclopedia or a dictionary is ________.
A) emotional memory
B) episodic memory
C) procedural memory
D) semantic memory

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory is a type of long-term memory that involves general knowledge, facts, and concepts, much like an encyclopedia or a dictionary. Emotional memory involves memories associated with different feelings or emotions, episodic memory involves specific events, and procedural memory involves motor skills and muscle memory.

Question 10

Hermann Ebbinghaus found that memory is best immediately after we learn information, and we gradually forget more as time passes. What name is given to this observation?
A) serial position curve
B) mirage effect
C) free recall curve
D) curve of forgetting

Accepted Answer

The observation given is commonly known as the "curve of forgetting." It refers to the idea that we remember information best immediately after we learn it, and then our memory of the information gradually fades over time.

Question 11

Why is implicit memory so difficult to study?
A) It does not operate on a conscious level.
B) It is a more recently identified type of memory.
C) It is concerned with the identification of only certain words and objects.
D) People with perfectly intact memories are often the focus of study.

Accepted Answer

Implicit memory operates unconsciously, making it difficult to measure and study directly.

Question 12

Memories that concern events that are highly significant and are vividly remembered are called ________.
A) elaborative rehearsals
B) flashbulb memories
C) eidetic images
D) eyewitness images

Accepted Answer

Flashbulb memories are memories of highly significant events that are vividly remembered, such as a person's memory of where they were and what they were doing when they learned about a major national or world event. Elaborative rehearsals are a memory technique that involves actively relating new information to prior knowledge to encode it more effectively. Eidetic images refer to the ability to maintain a vivid image of an object in one's mind after only a brief exposure to it. Eyewitness images are not a commonly used term in psychology and are not related to the concept of flashbulb memories.

Question 13

Information is grouped for storage in short-term memory through a process called ________.
A) chunking
B) categorizing
C) rehearsal
D) cueing

Accepted Answer

Information is grouped for storage in short-term memory through a process called chunking. This involves breaking down larger pieces of information into smaller, more manageable parts, or chunks. This can increase the capacity of short-term memory and help to facilitate retrieval later on.

Question 14

"Forgetting that occurs as a function of the passage of time" defines ________.
A) motivated forgetting
B) decay theory
C) cue-dependent forgetting
D) interference theory

Accepted Answer

Decay theory suggests that forgetting occurs because memories fade and become weaker over time if they are not used or retrieved. This theory proposes that forgetting is a result of the natural decay of the biological or physical memory trace.

Question 15

Information in short-term memory is coded ________.
A) abstractly
B) visually only
C) acoustically only
D) acoustically and visually

Accepted Answer

Information in short-term memory is encoded both acoustically (based on sound) and visually (based on images) to help maintain it temporarily.

Question 16

Which memory system provides us with a very brief image of all the stimuli present at a particular moment?
A) long-term memory
B) sensory memory
C) primary memory
D) short-term memory

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the memory system that provides us with a very brief image of all the stimuli present at a particular moment. This is because it holds raw sensory information for a very short period of time, usually less than a second, before either transferring it to long-term memory or forgetting it completely. Long-term memory, on the other hand, holds information for a much longer period of time, ranging from minutes to a lifetime. Primary memory and short-term memory are often used interchangeably to refer to the temporary storage of information that is actively being processed or manipulated, but these terms are not typically used to describe the brief sensory image that is provided by sensory memory.

Question 17

Which type of memory is concerned with remembering the day your parents bought you a car?
A) implicit memory
B) semantic memory
C) episodic memory
D) procedural memory

Accepted Answer

Episodic memory is the type of memory system that involves the ability to remember events that have happened to us personally. Remembering the day your parents bought you a car is an example of an episodic memory. Implicit memory refers to skills and habits that are acquired through experience, such as riding a bike. Semantic memory is responsible for storing knowledge about the world, such as the meaning of words. Procedural memory involves learning how to do things, such as playing a musical instrument.

Question 18

Your street address, telephone number, and social security number are stored in:
A) numerical memory.
B) short-term memory.
C) long-term memory.
D) sensory memory.

Accepted Answer

Street address, telephone number, and social security number are considered personal information that is essential for our daily lives. As a result, they are stored in long-term memory because they are important pieces of information that we need to remember over an extended period.

Question 19

The hippocampus seems to be essential for ________.
A) the recall of old memories
B) maintaining one's balance
C) the formation of new long-term memories
D) proactive and retroactive inhibition

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is widely considered to play a critical role in the consolidation of new long-term memories, particularly declarative and spatial memories.

Question 20

Chunking is a means of ________.
A) immediately forgetting irrelevant details
B) organizing information into meaningful units
C) arranging details into a hierarchy from most important to least important
D) storing long-term memories

Accepted Answer

Chunking involves organizing information into meaningful units, such as grouping digits in a phone number or breaking down a complex task into smaller, more manageable steps. It does not involve immediately forgetting irrelevant details, arranging details into a hierarchy, or storing long-term memories.

Quiz 6: Memory

Information is grouped for storage in short-term memory through the process of ________.

An individual's semantic memory contains:

Chunking aids:

The state psychology association has invited teams from all the colleges in the state to compete in a Psych Bowl. The teams will answer questions such as "Who founded the first psychology laboratory?" Where is this information stored?

A soldier was injured when a mortar exploded next to him. Although he recovered from his wounds, he is not able to recall information from years ago. What term is used to describe this soldier's condition?

The portion of long-term memory that stores specific information that has personal meaning is called ________ memory.

Steve was recalling his first day in college, including walking into the wrong class, dropping his books as he left, and the long line at the registrar's office he encountered when he had to switch classes. These memories are examples of:

Most people cannot store the following list of letters in short-term memory. G O T O Y O U R B E D R O O M However, if the letters are grouped meaningfully into words, they fit short-term's memory span: Go to your bedroom. This illustrates ________.

The type of memory that is most like an encyclopedia or a dictionary is ________.

Hermann Ebbinghaus found that memory is best immediately after we learn information, and we gradually forget more as time passes. What name is given to this observation?

Why is implicit memory so difficult to study?

Memories that concern events that are highly significant and are vividly remembered are called ________.

Information is grouped for storage in short-term memory through a process called ________.

"Forgetting that occurs as a function of the passage of time" defines ________.

Information in short-term memory is coded ________.

Which memory system provides us with a very brief image of all the stimuli present at a particular moment?

Which type of memory is concerned with remembering the day your parents bought you a car?

Your street address, telephone number, and social security number are stored in:

The hippocampus seems to be essential for ________.

Chunking is a means of ________.