Question 1

A patient is admitted to a hospital unit with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. When caring for this patient, a nurse recognizes that anorexia nervosa is characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by all of the following: evidence of emaciation or excessive leanness, obsessive thoughts about body shape and weight, and attempts to reduce one's body weight below normal. Additionally, individuals with anorexia nervosa often have a distorted self-perception about body weight and shape, believing that they are overweight despite being underweight.

Question 2

A patient is in the acute phase of an intestinal disorder and has been scheduled for surgery. A nurse identifies that this patient's diet should be

Accepted Answer

In the acute phase of an intestinal disorder, the patient's gut may be inflamed and damaged, making it difficult to digest food properly. A fiber-restricted diet can help reduce the workload on the digestive system, allowing it to heal and recover more easily. A calorie-restricted diet may not provide enough nutrients for the body to heal and recover properly, while sodium-restricted and protein-restricted diets may not adequately support the body's nutrient needs during this critical period.

Question 3

A nurse is discussing daily meals with a patient on a regular diet. The nurse explains that the patient can make choices from a balanced meal plan based on approximately

Accepted Answer

A balanced meal plan for an average adult is typically based on a daily intake of around 2000 calories per day. This provides adequate energy and nutrients without promoting weight gain or loss. Therefore, the patient can make choices from a meal plan based on 2000 calories per day.

Question 4

A nurse is caring for an elderly patient who is unable to eat more than a few bites at a time. The nurse should modify the patient's diet to

Accepted Answer

Five to six small, frequent feedings would be the best option for an elderly patient who is unable to eat more than a few bites at a time. This will ensure that the patient is still getting adequate nutrition and will help prevent malnutrition. A high-calorie, high-protein diet may be appropriate for some patients, but it is not necessarily the best option for this patient. A sodium-restricted diet and an antigen-avoidance diet are not relevant to this patient's situation.

Question 5

An instructor explains that some medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antineoplastics (cancer drugs), and certain antibiotics, can damage the intestinal mucosa. A student identifies that these types of medications can cause

Accepted Answer

Damage to the intestinal mucosa can lead to malabsorption of nutrients from the diet, which can result in weight loss, not weight gain. These medications do not increase metabolism or cause rapid or increased excretion.

Question 6

A patient with malabsorption syndrome is able to meet some nutritional needs orally but requires partial parenteral nutrition for a limited period because of illness. A nurse identifies that the patient will require

Accepted Answer

A peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is the best choice for partial parenteral nutrition for a limited period. It is less invasive than a central venous catheter and does not require surgical placement like a jejunostomy or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube. PICCs can be easily placed at the bedside and are suitable for long-term use.

Question 7

A nurse educates a class of adolescents about eating disorders. The nurse teaches that which of the following statements about eating disorders are true?

Accepted Answer

Eating disorders are more prevalent in females than in males, so statement A is not true. Eating disorders can cause severe health problems, such as heart and kidney damage, so statement B is true. Eating disorders most commonly occur during adolescence or early adulthood, making statement C true. Eating disorders are characterized by extreme disturbances in eating habits, such as restrictive eating, binge eating, or purging behaviors, making statement D true. Eating disorders can result from a combination of physical, social, and psychological factors, so statement E is true.

Question 8

A nurse intervenes when a nursing student says that an enteral tube should be used for

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse intervenes when a nursing student...

Question 9

A patient who requires long-term feeding has a surgical endoscopic placement of a feeding tube in the stomach. A nurse correctly identifies this as a

Accepted Answer

A surgical endoscopic placement of a feeding tube in the stomach is a Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) tube. A J-tube is a tube inserted through the abdominal wall directly into the jejunum, bypassing the stomach. A NG tube and NI tube are both inserted through the nose and into the stomach or intestines, respectively. However, a surgical endoscopic placement refers to a PEG tube.

Question 10

A patient is complaining of swollen hands and legs and mild fluid retention. The nurse decides to change the patient's diet to

Accepted Answer

Swollen hands and legs and mild fluid retention are signs of edema, which can be caused by excess sodium intake. Therefore, a sodium-restricted diet is the best option to alleviate the symptoms.

Question 11

A patient has complained several times of minor gastrointestinal pain, flatulence, and diarrhea after meals. A nurse identifies that this is most likely caused by

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described (gastrointestinal pain, flatulence, and diarrhea) are indicative of food intolerance, which occurs when the body has difficulty digesting certain foods. This is different from a food allergy, which is an immune system reaction to a particular food, and food poisoning, which is caused by ingesting harmful bacteria or toxins in food. Anaphylaxis, an extreme and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, is also not likely based on the symptoms described.

Question 12

A nurse is caring for a severely underweight patient who has an admitting diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. When assessing this patient, the nurse anticipates which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is caring for a severely...

Question 13

When monitoring the fluid intake of an average adult patient over a 24-hour period, a nurse should expect the patient to consume between

Accepted Answer

The average adult should consume between 1500 and 2500 mL of fluid per day. This is important for maintaining hydration, electrolyte balance, and overall health. It is important for nurses to monitor fluid intake to ensure that patients are consuming enough fluids to stay properly hydrated.

Question 14

A nursing student is asked to identify the difference between a nasogastric (NG) tube and a nasointestinal (NI) tube. The student correctly identifies that

Accepted Answer

The statement "An NI tube is smaller in bore size and more flexible than an NG tube" is the correct difference between the two types of tubes. The other statements are not accurate. An NG tube is typically inserted through the nose or mouth and into the stomach, while an NI tube is inserted through the nose or mouth and into the intestines. The length of the tube can vary depending on the individual patient's needs.

Question 15

A patient on long-term treatment with corticosteroids is experiencing weight gain and a rounding of the face shape, called moon facies. A nurse identifies that this is due to the corticosteroids' effect on the patient's

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroids affect metabolism, leading to fat redistribution and causing symptoms like weight gain and moon facies.

Question 16

A nurse is monitoring a patient's intake and output. The patient drinks part of a can of cola. The nurse should

Accepted Answer

It is important to measure the exact amount of fluid ingested for accuracy in monitoring intake and output. The nurse should measure the remainder of the can to determine the amount consumed.

Question 17

A nursing supervisor asks a nurse for a double-lumen nasogastric (NG) tube. The nurse should bring the supervisor a

Accepted Answer

The Salem sump tube is a type of double-lumen nasogastric (NG) tube, designed with one lumen for gastric decompression or drainage and the other for venting air.

Question 18

A patient with dysphagia is given a meal of scrambled eggs, cottage cheese, and tea. A nurse identifies that this patient is on a

Accepted Answer

The meal of scrambled eggs and cottage cheese suggests that the patient is able to tolerate some solid foods, but the dysphagia indicates that these foods need to be soft in texture. Therefore, the best choice is a mechanical soft diet, which allows for chopped or ground foods that are easier to swallow than regular solid foods. Full liquid diet is too restrictive and would not include scrambled eggs or cottage cheese, while a protein-restricted diet is not indicated based on the information provided. A pureed diet would be necessary only if the patient cannot tolerate any solid or semi-solid foods.

Question 19

A nurse is caring for a patient with an increased risk for aspiration due to severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The nurse identifies that the correct type of nasointestinal (NI) tube for this patient would be a

Accepted Answer

The Dobbhoff tube is the most appropriate choice for a patient with increased risk for aspiration due to GERD as it can be inserted beyond the stomach and into the small intestine, reducing the risk of reflux and aspiration. French and Levin tubes are used for gastric decompression and aspiration, while Salem sump tubes are used for gastric suctioning and decompression.

Question 20

A doctor has ordered NPO status for a vomiting patient. A nurse violates the order by

Accepted Answer

Giving the patient ice chips violates the NPO order as the patient is still taking in water, even if in small amounts. IV fluids may be necessary in some cases and should not violate the NPO order if ordered by the doctor. Removing the water carafe and glass also follows the NPO order. Putting a sign that reads NPO over the patient's bed is not a violation but rather a reminder for all healthcare providers who come into the patient's room.

Quiz 24: Nutritional Care and Support