Question 1

________ play is often useful in helping children explore fearful topics.

Accepted Answer

Make-believe play allows children to imagine and create scenarios in a safe and controlled environment, which can help them process and understand scary or fearful topics. They can act out different scenarios and experiment with different outcomes without facing any actual danger.

Question 2

Four-year-old Mariana has an imaginary friend. Mariana

Accepted Answer

Having an imaginary friend is a normal part of childhood development and does not indicate confusion between fantasy and reality.

Question 3

Research suggests that only children are likely to be ________ than children with siblings.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that only children tend to have higher intelligence and perform better academically compared to children with siblings. Being the only child in a family often results in receiving more individualized attention and resources from parents, which can contribute to intellectual development.

Question 4

Research on sibling relationships has found that

Accepted Answer

Research has found that sibling relationships are less harmonious when children perceive that their parents have "favourites." This can lead to feelings of jealousy and competition among the siblings. The other options are not supported by research, as sibling relationships can be equally harmonious regardless of gender or age differences, and conflict between siblings can be related to conflict between parents.

Question 5

Solitary play

Accepted Answer

The answer of Solitary play
...

Question 6

Joe's grandfather loves to tell stories about family history and willingly gives advice to any grandchild who appears to need it. Joe's grandfather has a ________ style of grandparenting.

Accepted Answer

Joe's grandfather loves to share family history and give advice, indicating a "dispensing-family-wisdom" style of grandparenting.

Question 7

Carl's mother is a single parent. Carl and his mother live with his grandmother, who has taken on the role of a surrogate parent to him. Carl

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that children in homes like Carl's, with a single parent and grandparent, tend to have outcomes that are more similar to children in two-parent households than in single-parent households. This is because the grandparent can provide additional emotional and material support to the child, similar to the support that would be provided by a second parent in a two-parent household.

Question 8

Make-believe play is associated with

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that make-believe play is associated with higher levels of cognitive functioning, including language development, executive functioning, and social competence. It is also not limited to specific cultural themes and does not generally promote fearfulness in children.

Question 9

Sarah was reared by her mother and her mother's lesbian companion. Research suggests that Sarah is

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that children raised by same-sex couples show no differences in sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender roles compared to children raised by opposite-sex couples. Therefore, Sarah is likely to develop much the same as children reared by heterosexual couples.

Question 10

Which of the following is true of first-born children compared to later-born children?

Accepted Answer

Research has suggested that first-born children are more likely to conform to their parents' and other adults' requests, perhaps due to the higher expectations and stricter discipline they may experience as the oldest child in the family. However, there is no consistent evidence that first-born children have lower scores on intelligence tests or are more innovative than later-born siblings. There is also no consistent evidence that first-borns are more popular with peers, as sibling dynamics and social experiences can vary widely between individuals and families.

Question 11

Make-believe play

Accepted Answer

Make-believe play allows children to safely explore and work through fears and anxieties through imaginative scenarios. It is also a common part of preschoolers' play. Therefore, options A, B, and D are incorrect.

Question 12

Preschoolers with imaginary companions

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that preschoolers with imaginary companions are actually more sociable than other preschoolers and have better language skills. Having an imaginary companion is a normal part of development and does not indicate a problem with distinguishing fantasy and reality. There is also no evidence to suggest that having an imaginary companion means the child has fewer real friends.

Question 13

Sibling relationships are more likely to be harmonious when siblings

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that siblings of the same sex tend to have more harmonious relationships, likely due to shared experiences and fewer opportunities for competition.

Question 14

Danielle is a first-born child while Samantha is a later-born child. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that first-born children are more likely to attend college or university compared to their later-born siblings. Other factors, such as higher parental expectations for first-borns, may also play a role in their educational attainment.

Question 15

The surrogate parent style of grandparenting is particularly common in which of the following ethnic groups?

Accepted Answer

The surrogate parent style of grandparenting, which involves taking on the primary caretaking role for grandchildren, is particularly common in African American families. This is due to cultural values that place a high emphasis on intergenerational support and the importance of extended family networks. European American, Asian American, and Native American families may also exhibit this style of grandparenting to some extent, but it is not as prevalent.

Question 16

Canadian children of lesbian mothers

Accepted Answer

Multiple studies have shown that children raised by lesbian mothers resemble children raised by heterosexual parents in many domains, including psychological adjustment, gender identity, academic achievement, and social relationships. There is no evidence to suggest that children of lesbian mothers have lower grades in school or are less likely to identify with their own gender. While some studies have reported slightly higher levels of psychological problems in this group, the differences are generally small and not clinically significant.

Question 17

Compared to children with siblings, research has shown that only children

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that only children tend to show more leadership qualities, as they often have to take on more responsibility and decision-making in the absence of siblings. They may also develop stronger relationships with adults, as they have more one-on-one time with their parents. There is no evidence to suggest that only children have lower grades, are more immature, or are more dependent upon parents.

Question 18

Jade spends much of her time at her grandmother's house, with her grandmother taking care of her daily needs for food, clothing, and attention. Her grandmother is often the one who goes to school to meet with Jade's teacher and to see Jade when she takes part in various school activities. Jade's grandmother would be described best as having which of the following grandparenting styles?

Accepted Answer

The description of Jade's grandmother taking care of her daily needs and being involved in her school activities suggests that she is acting as a surrogate parent, which involves assuming a large part of the child's care and upbringing. The other options do not fit as well with the given information.

Question 19

Which sibling pair is most likely to have a warm, harmonious relationship?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that siblings who grow up with parents who have a good quality relationship are more likely to have warm and harmonious relationships with each other. This is because they model their own relationships based on the positive example set by their parents.

Question 20

As parents have more children, they tend to

Accepted Answer

Research and observations suggest that as parents have more children, they often become more experienced and confident in their parenting skills, leading to a more relaxed approach in disciplining their children. They may also adjust their expectations and methods as they learn from their experiences with their earlier children.

Quiz 10: Social and Emotional Development in Preschool Children