Question 1

Eddie often masturbates and defecates in public.Eddie is exhibiting:

Accepted Answer

Grossly disorganized behavior involves inappropriate or unusual behavior, such as public masturbation and defecation. Delusional behavior involves having beliefs that are not based in reality, negative symptoms of schizophrenia involve a lack of emotional expression and motivation, and catatonic behavior involves abnormal movements or postures.

Question 2

A false perceptual experience that has a compelling sense of being real despite the absence of external stimulation is termed a:

Accepted Answer

A hallucination is a false sensory experience that is not based on external stimulation. It can involve any of the senses, including sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. Despite the lack of external input, the experience can be vivid and compelling, and the individual may have difficulty distinguishing it from reality.

Question 3

Debbie usually sits quietly and works on crossword puzzles.However,a few times each hour,she begins grimacing and then shouts profanities at the hospital staff.Debbie is exhibiting:

Accepted Answer

Debbie's behavior, which includes grimacing and shouting profanities, can be classified as grossly disorganized behavior. This term refers to a significant difficulty in organizing behavior, which is evident in Debbie's sudden and inappropriate outbursts. This behavior is a characteristic symptom of some psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, but it specifically falls under the category of disorganized behavior rather than the other options listed.

Question 4

Which characteristic is a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Poverty of speech, also known as alogia, is a negative symptom of schizophrenia where individuals have a decreased ability to speak. They may respond in brief or one-word answers or may not speak at all. Delusions (A) and hallucinations (C) are positive symptoms where individuals experience false beliefs or sensory experiences that are not based in reality. Grossly disorganized behavior (B) is also a positive symptom where individuals exhibit odd or inappropriate behavior.

Question 5

PET imaging has revealed that auditory hallucinations are accompanied by the activation of the:

Accepted Answer

PET imaging studies have shown that during auditory hallucinations, there is increased activity in Broca's area, which is involved in speech production. This suggests that the brain may be misinterpreting its own inner speech as coming from an external source.

Question 6

Schizophrenic hallucinations would NOT include:

Accepted Answer

Believing that you are Napoleon is a delusion, not a hallucination. Schizophrenic hallucinations typically involve hearing voices or seeing things that are not there, and sometimes feeling sensations like being touched when no one is actually touching them.

Question 7

Schizophrenia occurs in about _____% of the population and is slightly more prevalent in _____.

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia affects about 1% of the population worldwide and is slightly more prevalent in men than in women.

Question 8

Which example is a delusion?

Accepted Answer

A delusion is a fixed false belief that is not based in reality. Believing that the CIA has implanted a microchip in one's brain is a prime example of a delusion.

Answer: B
 Hearing the devil talking inside one's head is also an example of a delusion, as it is a false belief that is not rooted in reality.

Answer: C 
 The belief that one smells like feces, even when clean, may be a symptom of a medical condition, but it is not typically considered a delusion.

Answer: D 
 Observing UFOs flying overhead is not necessarily a delusion, as it may be a valid subjective experience. However, if the person believes that the UFOs are aliens trying to abduct them or communicate with them, then it may be a delusion.

Question 9

Schizophrenic hallucinations MOST often involve the sense of:

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenic hallucinations most often involve the sense of hearing, such as hearing voices or sounds that others do not hear. Other senses can also be involved, but hearing is the most common.

Question 10

Early neuroimaging research revealed that schizophrenia was associated with an enlargement of the:

Accepted Answer

Early neuroimaging studies consistently found that schizophrenia was associated with enlarged ventricles, suggesting a loss of brain tissue or abnormalities in brain development related to the disorder.

Question 11

The first episode of schizophrenia typically occurs in which age group?

Accepted Answer

The first episode of schizophrenia typically occurs in late adolescence to early adulthood, usually between the ages of 16 and 30. It is rare for schizophrenia to occur before puberty, and it is uncommon for it to be diagnosed after the age of 45.

Question 12

The concordance rate for schizophrenia among identical twins is approximately _____%.

Accepted Answer

The concordance rate for schizophrenia among identical twins is approximately 48%. This means that if one identical twin has schizophrenia, there is a 48% chance that the other twin will also have schizophrenia.

Question 13

Which is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations are a positive symptom of schizophrenia, meaning they are an addition to the person's typical behavior and experiences. These can sometimes include hearing voices or seeing things that aren't there.

Question 14

The dopamine hypothesis is the idea that _____ levels of dopamine are associated with _____.

Accepted Answer

The dopamine hypothesis suggests that high levels of dopamine are associated with schizophrenia, positing that overactivity of dopamine transmission in certain brain areas contributes to the symptoms of the disorder.

Question 15

Marian reports seeing vampire bats outside her house every evening;no one else has reported bats or anything similar in the area.Marian has not been under the influence of any substances when she has made these sightings.Marion is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

Marian is experiencing hallucinations, which are perceptions in the absence of an external stimulus. There is no evidence of delusions or disorganized behavior, and there is no mention of Marian being in a stupor.

Question 16

A clearly false belief system,often bizarre and grandiose,that is maintained despite its irrationality is termed a:

Accepted Answer

A delusion is a false belief system that is maintained despite its irrationality. Hallucinations involve sensory experiences that are not based in reality, paranoia involves irrational suspicion or mistrust, and a stupor is a state of inactivity or unresponsiveness.

Question 17

_____ is characterized by a profound disruption of basic psychological processes,distorted perception of reality,blunt or inappropriate affect,and problems with thoughts and behavior.

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that involves a disruption in basic mental functions such as perception, thinking, emotions, and behaviors. It is typically characterized by a combination of symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, abnormal motor behavior, and negative symptoms such as social withdrawal or emotional blunting. OCD, dissociative identity disorder, and antisocial personality disorder are different mental disorders with different symptoms and diagnostic criteria.

Question 18

As the household level of expressed emotion _____,relapse risk for mood disorders _____.

Accepted Answer

Expressed emotion refers to the level of criticism, hostility, and emotional over-involvement displayed by family members towards a person with a mental health condition. Research has shown that as the level of expressed emotion in the household increases, the risk of relapse for individuals with mood disorders also increases. This is because high levels of expressed emotion can create a stressful and invalidating environment, making it harder for the person with the mental health condition to manage their symptoms and maintain their recovery.

Question 19

Shirin sits for hours with her head in her hands and doesn't move a muscle.When a nurse tries to pull her head up,she resists.Her disorder has been diagnosed as schizophrenia;her behavior suggests that the type is:

Accepted Answer

The behavior described in the scenario, where the person sits for hours with immobility and resists movement, is consistent with the catatonic subtype of schizophrenia. This subtype is characterized by disturbances in motor behavior, including immobility, excessive movement, and odd postures. Delusional subtype is characterized by persistent false beliefs. Paranoid subtype is characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and suspiciousness of others. Undifferentiated subtype is characterized by symptoms that do not fit the other subtypes.

Question 20

Among people with schizophrenia,about _____% report hearing voices repeatedly.

Accepted Answer

Approximately 65% of people with schizophrenia report experiencing auditory hallucinations, such as hearing voices repeatedly.

Quiz 15: Psychological Disorders-Part A