Question 1

Freud's psychoanalytic theory adopts the _____ as a philosophical base, viewing the child as _____.

Accepted Answer

Freud's psychoanalytic theory aligns with the doctrine of original sin, viewing the child as inherently bad, emphasizing the role of innate drives and instincts.

Question 2

The psychoanalytic method in which the patient talks about anything and everything that comes to mind is known as

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalytic method in which the patient talks about anything and everything that comes to mind is known as free association. This is a key technique used in psychoanalysis to help uncover unconscious thoughts and emotions.

Question 3

Freud believed that the force that drives personality development was the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the driving force of personality development is the maturation of the sex instincts, which he referred to as the libido. He believed that children go through different psychosexual stages during their development, each with its own unique focus on a specific erogenous zone. The successful resolution of these stages is necessary for healthy personality development.

Question 4

Legitimate criticisms of Freud's theory include

Accepted Answer

The answer of Legitimate criticisms of Freud's theory include
...

Question 5

Freud suggested that the ego is the component of personality that

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the ego is the component of personality that seeks realistic outlets for instinctual needs, balancing the demands of the id (instinctual needs) with the constraints of reality and morality. The ego is not primarily concerned with moral perfection or self-actualization.

Question 6

Freud's use of dream analysis was based on the notion that

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that dreams are symbolic representations of one's unconscious desires and motives. The content of dreams is disguised and distorted, but by analyzing the symbolism, it is possible to uncover underlying psychological conflicts and repressed emotions. Therefore, dream analysis was a fundamental element of Freud's psychoanalytic theory, and he believed that dreams reveal the unconscious mind.

Question 7

Freud believed that it was during the _____ stage when children would experience incestuous desires for the opposite-sex parent and a hostile rivalry with the same-sex parent.

Accepted Answer

According to Freudian theory, the phallic stage (ages 3-6) is when a child develops sexual desires for their opposite-sex parent (Oedipus complex) and feels hostility towards their same-sex parent (Electra complex). This is a crucial stage in the formation of the superego and gender identity.

Question 8

According to Freud, children who successfully resolve their Oedipus or Electra complex can expect to

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, successful resolution of the Oedipus or Electra complex leads to the development of a strong superego and acquisition of an appropriately masculine or feminine identity. Therefore, option D is the best choice as it includes both these outcomes. Option A only mentions the acquisition of a masculine or feminine identity, while option B only mentions the development of a strong superego, and option C only mentions entering the phallic stage (which is a prerequisite for the Oedipus or Electra complex, but not a direct outcome of successfully resolving it).

Question 9

The rational component of the personality is the

Accepted Answer

The ego is the rational component of the personality that operates based on the reality principle, making decisions based on what is realistic and possible rather than what the id wants or what the superego demands. The superego represents internalized morals and values, while the id represents primal, instinctual drives. The conscience is a sense of right and wrong developed through socialization, but it is not a component of the personality itself.

Question 10

According to Freud, the id

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the id is the most primitive part of the psyche that is governed by inborn instinctual urges, such as the pleasure principle. It is not concerned with moral norms or rational decision-making.

Question 11

According to Freud, early experiences can have a long-term effect on personality development if a child becomes obsessed with the activities of a particular psychosexual stage and _____ them.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, if a child becomes fixated on the activities of a particular psychosexual stage, it can have a long-term effect on personality development. This fixation occurs when a child is either overindulged or frustrated in their experiences during a psychosexual stage and becomes obsessed with the activities associated with that stage.

Question 12

According to Freud, children move from one psychosexual stage to another whenever the

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that children go through stages of psychosexual development, during which the focus of their sexual energy (or libido) moves from one erogenous zone to another. The erogenous zones are areas of the body that are particularly sensitive to sexual stimulation, and these change as the child develops. Therefore, the correct choice is C: the focus of the sex instinct moves from one part of the body to another.

Question 13

The psychosexual stage in which sexual urges are most likely to be repressed and sexual instincts rechanneled is the

Accepted Answer

The latency period is the psychosexual stage during which sexual urges are repressed and the focus is on social and intellectual development rather than sexual gratification. It is characterized by a decrease in sexual interest and activity while the individual becomes more involved in same-sex friendships and school activities. This stage is important for the development of social skills and is necessary for the resolution of the Oedipus and Electra complexes that arise during the preceding phallic stage.

Question 14

Freud believed that the Oedipus complex for males

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that the Oedipus complex occurs during the phallic stage, plays an important role in the formation of a boy's superego, and facilitates masculine identity development. Therefore, all of these options are correct.

Question 15

Freud believed that _____ play a major role in determining the course and character of personality development.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, personality development is determined by the conflicts between an individual's biological needs and societal demands. He proposed that the psyche is divided into three parts - the id, ego, and superego - which are constantly in conflict with each other, driving personality development in unique directions. Habits acquired through learning, inborn biological responses, and genetics may also play a role, but Freud emphasized the importance of internal conflicts in shaping personality.

Question 16

Freud suggested that the id seeks:

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the id is the primitive, unconscious part of the psyche that operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification of instinctual needs, such as hunger, thirst, sex, and aggression.

Question 17

According to Freud, the _____ serves as a child's internal censor or moral authority.

Accepted Answer

The superego is the part of the personality that represents the internalized moral standards and values of a person. According to Freud's theory, it develops from the child's identification with their parents and plays a role in regulating the individual's impulses and behavior.

Question 18

According to Freud, the superego is the _____ aspect of personality that _____.

Accepted Answer

The superego is the moralistic aspect of personality that seeks moral perfection, not realistic means of need satisfaction.

Question 19

According to Freud, a boy will acquire an appropriately "masculine" identity as he _____ with his father and resolves his _____ complex.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, a boy will acquire an appropriately "masculine" identity as he identifies with his father and resolves his Oedipus complex. The Oedipus complex involves a child's unconscious desire for his opposite-sex parent and a rivalry with the same-sex parent. Through identification with the same-sex parent, the child is able to resolve the complex and develop a sense of gender identity.

Question 20

_____ provides the philosophical underpinnings of Freud's psychoanalytic theory

Accepted Answer

Freud's psychoanalytic theory is influenced by the doctrine of original sin, which suggests that humans are born with an inherent tendency towards selfishness and immorality, aligning with Freud's view of innate drives and conflicts.

Quiz 2: Classical Theories of Social and Personality Development

Freud's psychoanalytic theory adopts the _ as a philosophical base, viewing the child as _.