Question 1

Jeremy is 17 years old.According to Erikson,his chief task will be acquiring a sense of

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the chief task for individuals during adolescence is to develop a sense of identity. This means that Jeremy will be focused on finding out who he is, what his values are, and what his purpose in life may be.

Question 2

Autonomy is to shame and doubt as __________ is to despair.

Accepted Answer

Ego integrity is to despair as autonomy is to shame and doubt, both representing stages in Erikson's psychosocial development theory.

Question 3

Aaron is a middle-aged physician.He gives back to the community by acting as a mentor to teenagers interested in entering the medical profession.Erikson would say that Aaron is experiencing

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, generativity is the stage during middle adulthood where individuals focus on giving back to the next generation and contributing to society. Aaron's actions of mentoring teenagers interested in the medical profession align with this stage, as he is nurturing and guiding younger individuals in a field that he is passionate about.

Question 4

Brenda's parents are political conservatives,while she identifies more with liberal political views.When asked her political orientation,Brenda seems uncertain and does not respond.Brenda is dealing with the __________ crisis.

Accepted Answer

Brenda is dealing with the identity versus role confusion crisis as she is experiencing a conflict between her own beliefs and values and those of her parents, which can lead to confusion about her own identity and values.

Question 5

According to Erikson,an emotional and psychological closeness that is based on the ability to trust,share,and care,while still maintaining one's sense of self,is called

Accepted Answer

Erikson's concept of intimacy refers to the ability to form close, trusting relationships with others while still maintaining one's own sense of identity. It involves a balance between sharing and caring for others and maintaining personal boundaries and independence.

Question 6

Erik Erikson saw the major challenge of middle adulthood as that of

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson saw the major challenge of middle adulthood as that of generativity versus stagnation. During this stage of life, individuals are faced with the task of being productive and contributing to society through work, family, and community involvement or experiencing stagnation and feeling unfulfilled. This stage occurs between the ages of 40 and 65.

Question 7

Which developmental theorist is likely to be most criticized for the use of broad age ranges in various stages of his/her theory?

Accepted Answer

Erikson's psychosocial development theory is often criticized for its broad age ranges in each of the eight stages, which can be seen as too generalized and not accounting for individual differences.

Question 8

Kent was inconsistently cared for as an infant and consequently he struggles with issues of commitment in adulthood.Kent may have experienced difficulty resolving crises in which two stages?

Accepted Answer

Kent's struggles with commitment in adulthood suggest that he may have unresolved issues from the trust versus mistrust stage of infancy and the intimacy versus isolation stage of young adulthood. The inconsistent care he received as an infant may have affected his ability to form trusting relationships, and his difficulties with commitment may stem from a fear of intimacy and isolation.

Question 9

Which of Erik Erikson's psychosocial crises revolves around the child's learning to direct his or her own behaviour?

Accepted Answer

The psychosocial crisis of autonomy versus shame and doubt occurs during the toddler stage and revolves around the child learning to direct their own behaviour, make choices, and assert their independence. The child may experience shame and doubt if they are not allowed to explore their environment and make their own decisions.

Question 10

Between the ages of five and 12,children strive to develop a sense of competence arising from their work and effort.Erikson refers to this stage of life as

Accepted Answer

The answer of Between the ages of five and 12,children...

Question 11

According to Erikson,if a middle-aged person is unable to focus outward and is still dealing with issues of intimacy or even identity,that person is experiencing

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that middle-aged adults who are unable to focus outward and are still struggling with issues of intimacy or identity are experiencing stagnation. This is the opposite of generativity, which is the ability to give back to society and the next generation, and indicates a lack of fulfilling and purposeful involvement in the world. Ego integrity and despair are later stages of Erikson's theory, typically experienced in old age.

Question 12

Older adults who look back on their lives with regrets,wishing they could relive their lives,have not successfully resolved Erikson's psychosocial crisis of

Accepted Answer

Erikson's final psychosocial crisis is ego integrity versus despair, which occurs in late adulthood. It involves reflecting on one's life and accomplishments, and achieving a sense of coherence and acceptance of life events. Those who feel satisfied and at peace with their past experiences demonstrate ego integrity. In contrast, individuals who have not resolved this crisis may experience despair, regret, and a sense of hopelessness about their lives, feeling like they failed to accomplish what they wanted in life.

Question 13

Formal operational thinking is likely required to successfully resolve Erikson's

Accepted Answer

The identity versus role confusion crisis is a stage during adolescence where individuals are trying to figure out who they are and what their role is in society. Formal operational thinking allows individuals to think more abstractly and logically, which is necessary to successfully navigate this stage. The other options listed are stages that occur earlier in development and do not require formal operational thinking to be resolved.

Question 14

Like any four-month-old,Amy depends on her parents to feed her and to change her diapers.When Amy cries,her devoted parents quickly respond to her needs.According to Erikson,Amy is developing a sense of

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development suggests that infants develop a sense of trust or mistrust based on how well their needs are met by their caregivers. In this scenario, Amy's parents are actively responding to her needs, which helps her develop trust in them and the world around her. Therefore, the best choice is A) Trust.

Question 15

Erikson saw the major challenge of young adulthood as that of

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory, the major challenge of young adulthood is the stage of "intimacy versus isolation." During this stage, individuals focus on forming close, intimate relationships with others. Failing to do so may lead to feelings of loneliness and isolation.

Question 16

Sue has devoted so much time to her engineering career that,at age 70,she has never been free to pursue many of her personal interests.Sue's feelings of missed opportunities suggest a sense of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sue has devoted so much time to...

Question 17

According to Erikson,if an elementary school child fails to succeed in learning new skills and knowledge,the result may be the development of a sense of

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the stage during elementary school is industry versus inferiority. If a child feels that they are not successful in learning new skills and knowledge, they may develop a sense of inferiority. This can result in feelings of inadequacy and a lack of self-confidence in their abilities.

Question 18

Brad is 17 and is looking into career options.He is currently deciding whether he wants to become a gourmet chef or a race car driver.Brad is at what stage of Erik Erikson's psychosocial development?

Accepted Answer

Brad is in the stage of identity versus role confusion, which occurs during adolescence. At this stage, individuals are searching for their own identity and figuring out their place in society. Brad is exploring different career options and trying to determine which one aligns with his sense of self.

Question 19

Erikson's theory of social development viewed the period from ages three to six,his third stage,as characterized by the major challenge of

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of social development, the period from ages three to six is characterized by the major challenge of initiative versus guilt. During this stage, children begin to explore the world around them and take more initiative in their own activities, but they may also experience guilt if their actions are disapproved of by others. This stage is an important time for the development of autonomy and self-esteem.

Question 20

In Erikson's __________ stage of psychosocial development,preschoolers are challenged to control their own behaviour.

Accepted Answer

In Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the "initiative versus guilt" stage occurs during the preschool years, where children are challenged to take initiative and control their own behavior.

Quiz 10: D: Human Development