Question 1

Allison is a very sweet,intelligent,amicable person.However,Joe hears from her ex-boyfriend that she is hard to get along with and very snobby.According to research on the self-fulfilling prophecy,

Accepted Answer

Joe's unfriendly behavior towards Allison may cause her to respond in kind, reinforcing his belief in the negative information he heard, illustrating the self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 2

In the Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968)study on the self-fulfilling prophecy,who did teachers like the least?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968)study on...

Question 3

All of the following except ____ make our schemas highly resistant to change.

Accepted Answer

Thought suppression is not a factor that makes our schemas resistant to change. In fact, trying to suppress a thought can actually make it more persistent, which can lead to the modification of our schemas. Self-fulfilling prophecies, past experience, and reconstructive memory are all factors that contribute to the strength of our schemas and make them resistant to change.

Question 4

The authors of your text suggest that with respect to traditional gender differences in scholastic performance,one causal factor may be

Accepted Answer

The authors suggest that self-fulfilling prophecies of school teachers may be a causal factor for traditional gender differences in scholastic performance. Teachers may give more attention and opportunities to male students, leading to greater success, while female students may receive less positive attention and reinforcement, leading to lower achievement. This can perpetuate and reinforce existing gender stereotypes and expectations in the classroom.

Question 5

Recall that Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson (1968)informed grade-school teachers that some of their students (called "bloomers")would show great academic improvement in the upcoming year.Also recall that students labeled "bloomers" actually showed greater increases on IQ tests compared to students who were not labeled "bloomers." These differences occurred because teachers

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recall that Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson...

Question 6

You have just arrived for your first year of college,but your roommate,Leah,is nowhere to be found.Your next-door neighbor,Tim,tells you that he's met Leah,and that she's really shy and introverted.If you wanted to counteract the self-fulfilling prophecy,what might you do when you meet Leah?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have just arrived for your first...

Question 7

What have a number of research studies on the self-fulfilling prophecy revealed?

Accepted Answer

Research studies on the self-fulfilling prophecy have revealed that it is an unintentional and unconscious process. People's expectations and beliefs about someone or something can influence their behaviors towards that person or thing, ultimately leading to the expected outcome. This can occur without the person even realizing it, leading to a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 8

Self-fulfilling prophecies may be overcome,even when a perceiver has a strong expectation,if the perceiver is motivated to be accurate and

Accepted Answer

The perceiver's motivation to be accurate is an important factor in overcoming self-fulfilling prophecies, but being able to fully attend to the target is also necessary for accurate perception. If the perceiver is distracted or not able to give their full attention to the target, their expectations may bias their perception despite their motivation to be accurate. Therefore, choice B is the best answer.

Question 9

The authors of your text report that there are several gender differences in terms of academic performance,and that there is some evidence that this is due in part to the fact that girls and boys are unwittingly treated differently by teachers and parents.What phenomenon best explains how this treatment could influence academic performance? Self-fulfilling prophecies are

Accepted Answer

Self-fulfilling prophecies are an automatic process, where a belief or expectation about a person or group can lead to behaviors or actions that cause that belief or expectation to come true. In the case of gender differences in academic performance, if teachers and parents unconsciously treat girls and boys differently, they may unknowingly reinforce stereotypes about girls' and boys' abilities, which could then impact their academic performance. This process is often automatic, meaning it happens without conscious awareness or deliberate intent.

Question 10

Based on information from the authors of your text on gender difference in scholastic performance,an average high school senior,Lindsay,is most likely to outperform another average high school senior,Robert,in which of the following areas?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that on average, female students tend to outperform male students in writing-related tasks, including the SAT writing test.

Question 11

The study by Rosenthal and Jacobson on self-fulfilling prophecies concluded that the teachers treated the "bloomers" in class differently than the other children.In which of the following ways did the teachers treat these students differently?

Accepted Answer

The study found that the teachers treated the "bloomers" differently by giving them more personal attention, such as more praise, encouragement, and feedback. This contributed to higher academic achievement for these students. The other options, such as forcing them to do extra homework, giving bonus points for no reason, or scolding them more harshly, were not mentioned in the study.

Question 12

Recent research suggests that participants who are cognitively distracted are more likely to fall prey to the self-fulfilling prophecy than are participants who are not distracted.This suggests that self-fulfilling prophecies

Accepted Answer

Recent research shows that cognitive distraction increases the susceptibility to self-fulfilling prophecies, suggesting that they are more likely to occur when individuals are preoccupied or tired. This implies that self-fulfilling prophecies are influenced by situational factors and are not an inevitable facet of social-cognitive processes. The remaining choices are incorrect because self-fulfilling prophecies can occur unconsciously, without a deliberate attempt to confirm one's schemas, and are not related to faulty memory.

Question 13

Tiffany has a hard time trusting other people her age because she believes they are irresponsible.Accordingly,when she makes dinner plans with one friend,she also makes backup plans with someone else,and she goes to one or the other.Her friends soon in turn begin to "blow off" their arrangements since it is not clear whether or not Tiffany will show up.Tiffany has created

Accepted Answer

Tiffany's belief that her friends are irresponsible has led her to create backup plans with other friends, which in turn causes her friends to doubt whether Tiffany will even show up. This behavior reinforces Tiffany's initial belief and ultimately leads to the self-fulfilling prophecy that her friends are unreliable.

Question 14

The textbook indicates that self-fulfilling prophecies are most likely to occur when

Accepted Answer

Self-fulfilling prophecies are most likely to occur when the perceiver is distracted and not able to fully attend to the interaction. This is because the perceiver is more likely to rely on stereotypes and other preconceptions when they are not able to fully process the information available to them.

Question 15

In a controlled experiment,Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968)informed grade school teachers that some of their students (called "bloomers")would show great academic improvement in the upcoming year.In reality,the "bloomers" were chosen randomly by the researchers,and were no smarter than any of the other students.Which of the following best describes the results of this study? At the end of the year,

Accepted Answer

The study found that the "bloomers" (who were randomly selected) improved more on an IQ test than non-bloomers, due to the positive expectations and increased attention they received from their teachers.

Question 16

You have just met Tuong,an Asian math and computer science double-major.Your schema of Asians is that they are very smart and hardworking; your schema of math and computer-science majors is that they are "nerdy." According to research in social psychology,which of the following scenarios is most likely? You

Accepted Answer

The best choice would be to politely inquire about Tuong's favorite math classes, as it shows an interest in his academic pursuits and avoids making assumptions based on stereotypes. Slapping Tuong on the back and inviting him to lunch at a hangout or asking about parties could be seen as dismissive of his serious academic goals. Joking about not being motivated to study for a psychology exam could be interpreted as belittling his academic field of choice.

Question 17

Research suggests that self-fulfilling prophecies are more likely to occur

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research suggests that self-fulfilling prophecies are more...

Question 18

Self-fulfilling prophecies most often are a result of

Accepted Answer

Self-fulfilling prophecies occur when an individual's expectations or beliefs about a situation lead them to act in a way that brings about the expected outcome. These expectations and beliefs are often shaped by an individual's schemas, which are unconscious mental frameworks that help interpret and make sense of the world. Therefore, self-fulfilling prophecies are most often a result of inadvertent and unconscious influences of individuals' schemas.

Question 19

Assume that you want to avoid the self-fulfilling prophecy the next time you meet someone who fits a schema that you hold.According to work on the limits of self-fulfilling prophecies described in the text,what should you do? You should make sure that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Assume that you want to avoid the...

Question 20

Ms.Honeywell is an elementary school teacher who maintains that in her thirty-five years of experience,boys just tend to do better at math than girls.Recently,she has read a number of studies that show that girls and boys actually have about the same level of math ability.Based on information about how teachers create and sustain self-fulfilling prophecies,what is Ms.Honeywell most likely to think about the study results?

Accepted Answer

Ms. Honeywell is most likely to stick to her original belief and disregard the study results, as she has a self-fulfilling prophecy that boys are better at math. This means that she may unconsciously provide boys with more opportunities for math success, leading to them outperforming girls in her classes. Therefore, she is unlikely to accept the study results that challenge her belief. Choice A suggests that she is accepting the study results, which contradicts the information provided. Choice C suggests a complete reversal in her belief, which is also unlikely. Choice D is irrelevant to the question at hand as it discusses reading ability rather than math ability.

Quiz 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World