Question 1

Why is the induction of cognitive dissonance not more widely used as an attitude change technique by the advertising community?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance techniques require individualized attention and feedback, which is difficult to implement on a mass scale in advertising. This is likely the reason why induction of cognitive dissonance is not widely used as an attitude change technique by the advertising community.

Question 2

Attitudes are of course an individual internal phenomenon,yet they are of tremendous interest to social psychologists.Why?

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists are interested in attitudes because attitudes can be influenced by social factors such as conformity, persuasion, and social norms. This means that attitudes can change based on the influence of others, making them a key area of study for social psychologists.

Question 3

The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on a number of factors that influence the success of a persuasive message.Which of the following best exemplifies source variables as one of those factors?

Accepted Answer

Expert versus novice speakers is an example of a source variable, as it pertains to the characteristics of the person delivering the persuasive message.

Question 4

The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on a number of factors that influence the success of a persuasive message.Which of the following best exemplifies audience variables as one of those factors?

Accepted Answer

The Yale Attitude Change approach identifies audience variables, such as attentive versus inattentive listeners, as factors that can influence the success of a persuasive message. The other options (B, C, D) relate to message or speaker variables, rather than audience variables.

Question 5

Communication such as a speech or television advertisement that advocates a particular side of an issue is considered

Accepted Answer

Communication that advocates a particular side of an issue with the intention of persuading the audience is considered persuasive communication. While propaganda may also be used to advocate for a particular side, the term often carries a negative connotation of misinformation or manipulation. External justification refers to explaining or justifying one's behavior to others, and marketing research refers to the process of collecting and analyzing data to inform marketing decisions.

Question 6

Just after the tragic events of September 11,2001,President George W.Bush's performance ratings soared from a low of 50 percent to a high of 82 percent,only to fall back to 53 percent a month later.This phenomenon suggests that

Accepted Answer

The sudden increase and subsequent decrease in Bush's performance ratings indicate that although political attitudes can be relatively stable, they can also change quickly in response to significant events or circumstances.

Question 7

Persuasion from the perspective of "who says what to whom" is best associated with the

Accepted Answer

The Yale attitude change approach emphasizes who says what to whom, specifically examining the source of the message, the content of the message, and the audience. This model focuses on the various factors that might influence persuasion, such as the credibility of the source, the emotional appeal of the message, and the receptiveness of the audience. The other options listed are models of persuasion that focus on different aspects of the persuasion process.

Question 8

Jenny was obese as a child,but is currently a normal weight for her height.Based on research by Rudman and his colleagues (2007)presented in your text,Jenny is most likely to have a ____ attitude about overweight people.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jenny was obese as a child,but is...

Question 9

According to the tenets of cognitive dissonance theory,people are most likely to change their attitudes when they have ____ justification for an attitude-discrepant behavior.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when individuals have insufficient external justification for behavior that contradicts their attitudes, they are more likely to change their attitudes to align with their behavior, reducing the dissonance.

Question 10

The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on a number of factors that influence the success of a persuasive message.Which of the following best exemplifies communication variables as one of those factors?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on...

Question 11

Historically,the Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion developed from experiments conducted

Accepted Answer

The Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion developed during World War II in the U.S. to increase soldiers' morale. The approach was developed by psychologists Carl Hovland, Irving Janis, and Harold Kelley at Yale University.

Question 12

Counterattitudinal advocacy results in attitude change when

Accepted Answer

Counterattitudinal advocacy is most effective when there is minimal external justification for the behavior or statement that contradicts the person's attitude. This means that there is no obvious reason or reward for the person to express an attitude that goes against their beliefs, which leads to a change in attitude. Internal justification (B) refers to personal reasons or values that might motivate someone to change their attitude even if there is no external pressure to do so. The accessibility of the attitude (C) might make it easier or harder to change, but it is not a defining factor of counterattitudinal advocacy. The initial strength of the attitude (D) might affect the difficulty of changing it, but it is not a crucial determinant of the effectiveness of the persuasion technique.

Question 13

The Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion yielded a great deal of information about the attitude change process,but there was one major problem with the approach;

Accepted Answer

The Yale Attitude Change approach identified several factors that influence persuasion, such as the source, message, and audience. However, it did not provide guidance on which factors should be prioritized or emphasized in different situations, making it difficult to apply the findings consistently.

Question 14

The Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion emphasizes which of the following three aspects of persuasion?

Accepted Answer

The Yale Attitude Change approach focuses on the source of the message, the nature of the communication, and the nature of the audience as key factors in persuasion.

Question 15

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when you cannot find sufficient external justification for your actions,you will attempt to find ____ which can lead to attitude change.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when there is a discrepancy between our beliefs and actions, we experience psychological discomfort or dissonance. To reduce this discomfort, we try to find external or internal justification for our behavior. When external justification is insufficient, we may try to find internal justification or reasons to justify our behavior to reduce the discomfort. This internal justification can change our attitudes or beliefs about the behavior. Therefore, the correct answer is C) internal justification.

Question 16

Although cognitive dissonance is a very powerful way to change someone's attitude,it is not implemented on mass scales.Why not?

Accepted Answer

Implementing cognitive dissonance on a mass scale would require creating a situation of low external justification, which would be difficult to do on a large scale. It would be challenging to create a situation where a large number of people experience a discrepancy between their beliefs and actions, which is necessary for cognitive dissonance to occur. Therefore, this option is the best answer.

Question 17

In a recent study of implicit attitudes by Rudman and his colleagues (2007),people who were overweight ____ but were not overweight ____ tended to have more positive implicit attitudes and negative explicit attitudes about overweight people.

Accepted Answer

The study found that people who were overweight as children but were not currently overweight tended to have more positive implicit attitudes and negative explicit attitudes about overweight people. This suggests that their childhood experiences and the social stigma they may have faced due to their weight had a lasting impact on their attitudes towards overweight individuals.

Question 18

In order to change attitudes about something on a mass scale,whether it is a product,a social problem,or a political candidate,it would be best to use

Accepted Answer

Persuasive communication is the most effective way to change attitudes on a mass scale as it involves actively convincing people through various means such as advertising, speeches, and marketing techniques. Dissonance reduction techniques, insufficient external justification, and counterattitudinal advocacy are all ways to change attitudes, but they are more suited to individual or small group settings rather than mass communication.

Question 19

Your friend wears bell-bottoms constantly,a behavior that offends your sense of style.If you wanted to apply cognitive dissonance theory to get your friend to change her attitude toward bell-bottoms,you should encourage her to give a public speech ____ under conditions of ____ external justification.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that people experience discomfort (dissonance) when their beliefs or behaviors are inconsistent with each other. To reduce this discomfort, they may change their attitudes or beliefs. Encouraging your friend to give a public speech against bell-bottoms under conditions of low external justification (e.g., without offering a significant reward or punishment) would likely create dissonance between her behavior (speaking against bell-bottoms) and her attitude (wearing bell-bottoms), potentially leading her to change her attitude to align with her behavior.

Question 20

According to the Yale Attitude Change approach, ____ speakers are more persuasive than their opposites.

Accepted Answer

According to the Yale Attitude Change approach, attractive speakers are more persuasive than their opposites, as they are perceived as more trustworthy and credible. This is known as the halo effect, where we tend to associate positive qualities with physical attractiveness.

Quiz 7: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Why is the induction of cognitive dissonance not more widely used as an attitude change technique by the advertising community?

Attitudes are of course an individual internal phenomenon,yet they are of tremendous interest to social psychologists.Why?

The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on a number of factors that influence the success of a persuasive message.Which of the following best exemplifies source variables as one of those factors?

The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on a number of factors that influence the success of a persuasive message.Which of the following best exemplifies audience variables as one of those factors?

Communication such as a speech or television advertisement that advocates a particular side of an issue is considered

Just after the tragic events of September 11,2001,President George W.Bush's performance ratings soared from a low of 50 percent to a high of 82 percent,only to fall back to 53 percent a month later.This phenomenon suggests that

Persuasion from the perspective of "who says what to whom" is best associated with the

Jenny was obese as a child,but is currently a normal weight for her height.Based on research by Rudman and his colleagues (2007) presented in your text,Jenny is most likely to have a ____ attitude about overweight people.

According to the tenets of cognitive dissonance theory,people are most likely to change their attitudes when they have ____ justification for an attitude-discrepant behavior.

The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on a number of factors that influence the success of a persuasive message.Which of the following best exemplifies communication variables as one of those factors?

Historically,the Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion developed from experiments conducted

Counterattitudinal advocacy results in attitude change when

The Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion yielded a great deal of information about the attitude change process,but there was one major problem with the approach;

The Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion emphasizes which of the following three aspects of persuasion?

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when you cannot find sufficient external justification for your actions,you will attempt to find ____ which can lead to attitude change.

Although cognitive dissonance is a very powerful way to change someone's attitude,it is not implemented on mass scales.Why not?

In a recent study of implicit attitudes by Rudman and his colleagues (2007) ,people who were overweight but were not overweight tended to have more positive implicit attitudes and negative explicit attitudes about overweight people.

In order to change attitudes about something on a mass scale,whether it is a product,a social problem,or a political candidate,it would be best to use

Your friend wears bell-bottoms constantly,a behavior that offends your sense of style.If you wanted to apply cognitive dissonance theory to get your friend to change her attitude toward bell-bottoms,you should encourage her to give a public speech under conditions of external justification.

According to the Yale Attitude Change approach, ____ speakers are more persuasive than their opposites.

Quiz 7: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Why is the induction of cognitive dissonance not more widely used as an attitude change technique by the advertising community?

Attitudes are of course an individual internal phenomenon,yet they are of tremendous interest to social psychologists.Why?

The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on a number of factors that influence the success of a persuasive message.Which of the following best exemplifies source variables as one of those factors?

The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on a number of factors that influence the success of a persuasive message.Which of the following best exemplifies audience variables as one of those factors?

Communication such as a speech or television advertisement that advocates a particular side of an issue is considered

Just after the tragic events of September 11,2001,President George W.Bush's performance ratings soared from a low of 50 percent to a high of 82 percent,only to fall back to 53 percent a month later.This phenomenon suggests that

Persuasion from the perspective of "who says what to whom" is best associated with the

Jenny was obese as a child,but is currently a normal weight for her height.Based on research by Rudman and his colleagues (2007) presented in your text,Jenny is most likely to have a ____ attitude about overweight people.

According to the tenets of cognitive dissonance theory,people are most likely to change their attitudes when they have ____ justification for an attitude-discrepant behavior.

The Yale Attitude Change approach focused on a number of factors that influence the success of a persuasive message.Which of the following best exemplifies communication variables as one of those factors?

Historically,the Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion developed from experiments conducted

Counterattitudinal advocacy results in attitude change when

The Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion yielded a great deal of information about the attitude change process,but there was one major problem with the approach;

The Yale Attitude Change approach to persuasion emphasizes which of the following three aspects of persuasion?

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when you cannot find sufficient external justification for your actions,you will attempt to find ____ which can lead to attitude change.

Although cognitive dissonance is a very powerful way to change someone's attitude,it is not implemented on mass scales.Why not?

In a recent study of implicit attitudes by Rudman and his colleagues (2007) ,people who were overweight ____ but were not overweight ____ tended to have more positive implicit attitudes and negative explicit attitudes about overweight people.

In order to change attitudes about something on a mass scale,whether it is a product,a social problem,or a political candidate,it would be best to use

According to the Yale Attitude Change approach, ____ speakers are more persuasive than their opposites.

In a recent study of implicit attitudes by Rudman and his colleagues (2007) ,people who were overweight but were not overweight tended to have more positive implicit attitudes and negative explicit attitudes about overweight people.