Question 1

Drug use before the age of 18 _____.

Accepted Answer

Studies show that drug use before the age of 18 is the best predictor of later drug abuse and addiction.

Question 2

Adolescence-limited offender refers to someone who _____.

Accepted Answer

Adolescence-limited offenders are individuals who engage in criminal behavior during their adolescence but then desist from criminal activities by the time they reach adulthood, typically around age 21. While they may still engage in risky behaviors during this time, such as drug use or vandalism, their criminal behavior stops. This is in contrast to life-course persistent offenders who continue to engage in criminal behavior throughout their lives.

Question 3

Several suicides within the same group of people in a brief period are called "_____ suicides."

Accepted Answer

"Cluster suicides" refer to several suicides within the same group of people in a brief period, and is recognized as a public health concern. Choice A, cult, refers to a group of individuals with a shared belief system and may or may not be related to suicide. Choice B, pact, implies that the suicides were pre-planned and agreed upon by those involved, which may not be the case in cluster suicides. Choice C, planned, is too broad and does not specifically describe suicides within a group in a short period.

Question 4

Ty started to behave aggressively at age 5 and by age 8 was caught shoplifting several times. Ty is now age 25 and has committed armed robbery. Ty would be considered a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

The description of Ty's behavior as starting at a young age and escalating to more serious crimes as an adult fits the profile of a life-course-persistent offender. This type of offender displays a pattern of problem behavior from early childhood through adolescence and into adulthood, with a range of criminal activity that increases in severity over time.

Question 5

Parasuicide refers to _____.

Accepted Answer

Parasuicide refers to a suicide attempt that does not end in death. It is also known as a suicide gesture or suicidal behavior.

Question 6

When applied to the discussion of drug abuse, the term generational forgetting means that _____.

Accepted Answer

Generational forgetting refers to the tendency of new generations to ignore or forget the lessons and experiences of previous generations, including the risks and hazards of drug abuse. This can result in youth experimenting with drugs that may have long-term negative effects on their health and well-being.

Question 7

The two most common drugs used by adolescents are _____.

Accepted Answer

Tobacco and alcohol are the two most common drugs used by adolescents.

Question 8

Life-course-persistent offenders _____.

Accepted Answer

Life-course-persistent offenders may show signs of neurological impairment, such as poor impulse control and decision-making abilities, which contribute to their persistent criminal behavior. The other choices do not have consistent research findings supporting them as characteristics of life-course-persistent offenders.

Question 9

According to the text, which is NOT a possible reason for the decrease in juvenile criminal behavior?

Accepted Answer

Lenient drug laws could actually lead to an increase in juvenile criminal behavior, as it could promote drug use and distribution among young people. The other three options are all factors that have been linked to the decrease in juvenile criminal behavior.

Question 10

Heavy drinking impairs memory and self-control by _____.

Accepted Answer

Heavy drinking specifically damages the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, which are two areas of the brain responsible for memory and self-control.

Question 11

An individual who commits crimes during adolescence but stops by the age of 21 is considered a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

An individual who commits crimes during adolescence but stops by the age of 21 is considered an adolescence-limited offender. They are not considered a repeat offender because they have ceased criminal behavior, nor are they considered a career criminal as they do not continue a pattern of criminal activity into adulthood. Life-course-persistent offenders, on the other hand, display a pattern of criminal behavior that begins in adolescence and continues into adulthood.

Question 12

One concern about e-cigs is that, similar to hookah bars, they _____.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the use of e-cigs is associated with an increased likelihood of smoking traditional cigarettes among young people, rather than decreased rates of smoking. This is likely due to the fact that e-cigs still contain nicotine, which can lead to addiction and a subsequent transition to traditional smoking.

Question 13

Suicidal ideation refers to _____.

Accepted Answer

Suicidal ideation refers to the act or process of thinking about suicide, often as a result of feeling overwhelmed by life circumstances or mental health conditions such as depression. It does not necessarily involve a deliberate act of self-harm or a desire to hurt others.

Question 14

Alisha took an overdose of prescription pills, but before she lost consciousness, she called her mom for help. Alisha was rushed to the hospital for medical attention. Alisha's behavior is defined as "_____."

Accepted Answer

Alisha's behavior is defined as parasuicide, which refers to intentionally harming oneself without the intention to actually die by suicide. Alisha may have taken the pills as a way to cope with emotional pain or to seek attention or help, but it was not a deliberate attempt to end her life.

Question 15

Inhalants, which are used more by younger adolescents to get high, include _____.

Accepted Answer

Inhalants refer to substances that are breathed in through the nose or mouth to produce a high and include substances such as aerosols, glue, paint thinner, and gasoline. Marijuana, cocaine, and tobacco are not typically considered inhalants.

Question 16

With respect to suicide, what is more common in adolescent boys than in adolescent girls?

Accepted Answer

Completed suicide is more common in adolescent boys than in adolescent girls. While girls often report serious consideration of suicide and may engage in parasuicidal behavior, boys are more likely to use lethal methods and complete suicide.

Question 17

Pete has been shoplifting for the past year. Unless he experiences an intervention, his shoplifting behavior is most likely to lead to _____.

Accepted Answer

Shoplifting is a form of theft and is often considered a gateway crime, leading individuals to commit more serious property crimes such as burglary. The progression from shoplifting to burglary is due to the escalation in the severity of criminal behavior, where individuals may seek greater rewards or challenges. Choices A, B, and D suggest outcomes that are not directly related to the progression of theft-related crimes.

Question 18

Suicidal ideation is most common around age _____.

Accepted Answer

Suicidal ideation is most common around age 15, although it can occur at any age.

Question 19

Lydia finds that she often thinks about killing herself. This is called "_____."

Accepted Answer

Suicidal ideation refers to thoughts about suicide, which may or may not be accompanied by a desire or intention to actually carry out the act. Parasuicide, on the other hand, refers to any deliberate self-harm that is not intended to result in death. Self-destructive behavior may include a range of harmful behaviors, but may not necessarily involve thoughts of or intentions for suicide. Deliberate suicide, as the name suggests, refers to a planned or intentional act of taking one's own life.

Question 20

Most drug use begins _____.

Accepted Answer

Most drug use tends to begin as social use, often with friends or peers. Initially, it may be experimentation or to fit in with a social group. However, as use progresses, it may become more individual and hidden. Heavy, illegal drugs tend to be the result of a progression from lighter drugs, and drug use is not necessarily tied to puberty.

Quiz 16: Adolescence: Psychosocial Development