Question 1

Research has confirmed the idea that particular life events, whether positive or negative, have exactly the same impact on people, and this impact can be quantified in terms of a specific number of life change units.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that not all life events have the same impact on people, and therefore cannot be quantified in terms of a specific number of life change units. Additionally, individual differences in coping skills and social support can also affect the impact of life events on individuals.

Question 2

Research shows that fewer than 30 percent of those who experience major disasters-such as floods, earthquakes, and hurricanes-develop posttraumatic stress disorder.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the prevalence of PTSD following major disasters is generally lower than 30 percent. However, it is important to note that the prevalence may vary depending on factors such as the severity of the disaster, individual vulnerability, and access to support and resources.

Question 3

Resilience refers to perceiving events as taxing and exceeding the ability to cope.

Accepted Answer

Resilience refers to the ability to bounce back and cope with challenges and setbacks, even when they are perceived as difficult. It is the opposite of perceiving events as taxing and exceeding one's ability to cope.

Question 4

Daily hassles are everyday minor events that annoy and upset people.

Accepted Answer

Daily hassles are defined as everyday minor events that can cause frustration, annoyance or distress in individuals. For example, traffic jams, long lines or forgetting your phone charger. These events can accumulate and have a negative impact on an individual's mood and overall well-being.

Question 5

In contrast to the view of Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe, most people weather major life events without developing serious physical or psychological problems.

Accepted Answer

While major life events can be stressful and challenging, research has shown that the majority of people are able to handle them without experiencing significant physical or psychological problems. Holmes and Rahe's research on life events and stress has been criticized for not taking into account individual differences and coping strategies, and newer research has emphasized the important role of resilience in helping people navigate difficult life events.

Question 6

Posttraumatic stress disorder is a disorder that involves intrusive thoughts of a traumatic event, emotional numbness, and symptoms of anxiety, such as nervousness, sleep disturbances, and irritability.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately describes posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Question 7

Richard Lazarus developed the Social Readjustment Rating Scale in an attempt to measure the amount of stress people experience.

Accepted Answer

The Social Readjustment Rating Scale was developed by Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe, not Richard Lazarus.

Question 8

Cumulative adversity is the total amount of negative events experienced over a lifetime.

Accepted Answer

Cumulative adversity refers to the accumulation of negative events or stressors experienced over a person's lifetime, so the statement is true.

Question 9

People who have accumulated more than 150 life change units within a year, as measured by the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, are almost certain to experience a physical illness in the following year.

Accepted Answer

The Social Readjustment Rating Scale suggests a higher risk of illness with more life change units, but it does not guarantee illness.

Question 10

One large survey of college students found that 85 percent reported having been exposed to a traumatic event during their lifetime.

Accepted Answer

This statement indicates that 85% of college students reported having experienced a traumatic event at some point in their lifetime, which is a common finding in research on trauma exposure among young adults.

Question 11

Confirming the views of Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe, researchers have found that positive or desirable events can be just as stress-producing as negative or undesirable events. Change in itself is stressful and potentially damaging to one's health.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Confirming the views of Thomas Holmes and...

Question 12

Daily hassles are events or situations that are negative, severe, and far beyond our normal expectations for everyday life or life events.

Accepted Answer

Daily hassles are actually minor irritations or inconveniences that are a normal part of everyday life, such as traffic jams, waiting in line, or dealing with household chores. They are not severe or unexpected events.

Question 13

Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed the Social Readjustment Rating Scale in an attempt to measure the amount of stress people experience.

Accepted Answer

Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe did create the Social Readjustment Rating Scale as a means of measuring stress.

Question 14

People who have experienced a moderate level of cumulative adversity are happier and better able to cope with recent misfortune than are people who have experienced either very high or very low levels of cumulative adversity.

Accepted Answer

This statement is supported by research findings that suggest that individuals who have faced moderate levels of adversity have developed coping strategies and resilience, while those who have experienced either very high or very low levels may have more difficulty adjusting to new challenges.

Question 15

Witnessing or surviving a violent attack and experiences associated with combat, warfare, or major disasters are examples of the types of events that are typically considered to be traumatic events.

Accepted Answer

Witnessing or surviving a violent attack or experiencing combat, warfare, or major disasters can lead to psychological trauma.

Question 16

Richard Lazarus and his colleagues developed the Daily Hassles Scale to measure the occurrence of everyday annoyances, such as being stuck in traffic or being inconvenienced by bad weather.

Accepted Answer

Richard Lazarus and his colleagues did develop the Daily Hassles Scale to measure the occurrence of everyday annoyances.

Question 17

Both very high and very low levels of cumulative adversity are associated with poor health outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that both very high levels (such as chronic stress or trauma) and very low levels (such as lack of social support) of cumulative adversity can lead to poor health outcomes, including physical and mental health problems. This is known as the "U-shaped curve" of adversity and health. Therefore, it is important to strive for a moderate level of adversity in life.

Question 18

Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed the Daily Hassles Scale in an attempt to measure the amount of stress people experience.

Accepted Answer

Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), not the Daily Hassles Scale. The Daily Hassles Scale was developed by Richard Lazarus and his colleagues.

Question 19

The Social Readjustment Rating Scale is based on the assumption that the impact of life events, as measured in life change units, varies according to how people cognitively appraise the event or situation.

Accepted Answer

The Social Readjustment Rating Scale is based on the assumption that the impact of life events, as measured in life change units, is relatively stable across individuals and does not depend on cognitive appraisal.

Question 20

Traumatic events are events or situations that are negative, severe, and far beyond our normal expectations for everyday life.

Accepted Answer

Traumatic events are events or situations that are negative, severe, and far beyond our normal expectations for everyday life. This can include things like natural disasters, accidents, violence, abuse, and more.

Quiz 12: Stress, Health, and Coping