Question 1

Growth hormone
A)is released from the anterior pituitary.
B)spares plasma glucose during exercise.
C)increases gluconeogenesis in the liver.
D)All of the above are true.

Accepted Answer

A) Growth hormone is released from the anterior pituitary.
B) Growth hormone spares plasma glucose during exercise by promoting the breakdown of fatty acids for energy and reducing glucose uptake by tissues.
C) Growth hormone increases gluconeogenesis in the liver, which is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.

Question 2

During exercise,blood glucose concentration is maintained fairly constant by all of the following factors EXCEPT ONE.
A)elevated mobilization of FFA from adipose tissue.
B)increased rate of gluconeogenesis.
C)blocking entry of glucose into cells.
D)elevated concentration of insulin.

Accepted Answer

During exercise, glucose concentration in the blood is maintained by the increased rate of gluconeogenesis and elevated mobilization of FFA from adipose tissue. Additionally, entry of glucose into cells may be blocked to maintain blood glucose levels. However, the concentration of insulin is not elevated during exercise, as insulin levels decrease to allow for increased mobilization of glucose and FFA from storage sites to be utilized as fuel by the muscles. Therefore, the correct answer is D, elevated concentration of insulin.

Question 3

When a drug is given to block the adrenergic receptors during exercise,muscle glycogen utilization is reduced.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a drug is given to block...

Question 4

During exercise,epinephrine and norepinephrine stimulate liver glycogenolysis indirectly by
A)increasing glucagon secretion from the pancreas.
B)increasing insulin secretion from the pancreas.
C)increasing the uptake of FFA by muscle.
D)lowering plasma cortisol concentration.

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine and norepinephrine stimulate liver glycogenolysis indirectly by increasing glucagon secretion from the pancreas. Glucagon activates adenylate cyclase, which in turn activates protein kinase A, leading to the phosphorylation of enzymes involved in glycogenolysis.

Question 5

The concentration of a hormone can be increased by
A)decreasing the rate at which it is metabolized and removed from the body.
B)increasing the number of receptors.
C)decreasing plasma volume.
D)both A and C are correct.

Accepted Answer

Option A is correct because when the rate at which a hormone is metabolized and removed from the body is decreased, it remains in the bloodstream for a longer period, leading to an increase in its concentration. Option C is also correct because a decrease in plasma volume would result in less dilution of the hormone, leading to an increase in its concentration. Therefore, the best choice is D, as both options A and C are correct. Option B is incorrect because increasing the number of receptors would not necessarily increase the concentration of the hormone in the bloodstream.

Question 6

Blood epinephrine levels increase as exercise intensity increases,but decrease as exercise duration increases.
30.Glucagon secretion increases during exercise,which decreases liver glycogen stores in order to maintain blood glucose concentration.

Accepted Answer

Blood epinephrine levels increase with both the intensity and duration of exercise to help mobilize energy stores. Glucagon secretion does increase during exercise to help maintain blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of liver glycogen, but the statement about epinephrine is incorrect as it suggests epinephrine levels decrease with longer exercise duration, which is not accurate.

Question 7

Insulin secretion would be highest
A)during prolonged exercise.
B)as exercise intensity increases.
C)after a meal high in carbohydrates.
D)It would be equally high after all of the above.

Accepted Answer

Insulin secretion is stimulated by high levels of blood glucose, typically after a meal high in carbohydrates. During exercise, insulin secretion may decrease to promote the use of stored glycogen and fatty acids for fuel, but it would not be at its highest during exercise.

Question 8

Chronic exposure to high levels of a hormone results in "up regulation" of receptors.

Accepted Answer

Chronic exposure to high levels of a hormone typically results in "down regulation" of receptors, where the cell reduces the number of receptors to decrease its sensitivity to the hormone.

Question 9

Growth hormone secretion increases during exercise and decreases during sleep.

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone secretion actually increases during sleep, especially during the deep stages, and also increases during exercise.

Question 10

Even though the concentration of insulin decreases during exercise,the muscle can still take up large quantities of plasma glucose.This is due,in part,to the recruitment of more glucose transporters.

Accepted Answer

During exercise, the muscle can still take up large quantities of plasma glucose despite the decrease in insulin concentration. This is partly due to the recruitment of more glucose transporters.

Question 11

During a bout of high intensity exercise (i.e. ,10 minutes at 80%VO₂ max),the plasma concentration of hormones that stimulate fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue increase significantly.The plasma-free fatty acid concentration,however,actually decreases.Why does this occur? A)Fatty acid supply is depleted. B)Hormones are ineffective in maximal work. C)Lactic acid interferes with fatty acid mobilization. D)High insulin levels secreted during maximal exercise interfere with fatty acid mobilization.

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid produced during high-intensity exercise can interfere with the mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue, despite the increase in hormones that usually stimulate this process. This is because lactic acid can inhibit hormone-sensitive lipase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol, thus reducing the release of fatty acids into the plasma.

Quiz 6: Cell Signaling and Hormonal Response to Exercise

Growth hormone

During exercise,blood glucose concentration is maintained fairly constant by all of the following factors EXCEPT ONE.

When a drug is given to block the adrenergic receptors during exercise,muscle glycogen utilization is reduced.

During exercise,epinephrine and norepinephrine stimulate liver glycogenolysis indirectly by

The concentration of a hormone can be increased by

Blood epinephrine levels increase as exercise intensity increases,but decrease as exercise duration increases. 30.Glucagon secretion increases during exercise,which decreases liver glycogen stores in order to maintain blood glucose concentration.

Insulin secretion would be highest

Chronic exposure to high levels of a hormone results in "up regulation" of receptors.

Growth hormone secretion increases during exercise and decreases during sleep.

Even though the concentration of insulin decreases during exercise,the muscle can still take up large quantities of plasma glucose.This is due,in part,to the recruitment of more glucose transporters.

During a bout of high intensity exercise (i.e. ,10 minutes at 80%VO₂ max) ,the plasma concentration of hormones that stimulate fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue increase significantly.The plasma-free fatty acid concentration,however,actually decreases.Why does this occur?

Quiz 6: Cell Signaling and Hormonal Response to Exercise

Growth hormone

During exercise,blood glucose concentration is maintained fairly constant by all of the following factors EXCEPT ONE.

When a drug is given to block the adrenergic receptors during exercise,muscle glycogen utilization is reduced.

During exercise,epinephrine and norepinephrine stimulate liver glycogenolysis indirectly by

The concentration of a hormone can be increased by

Blood epinephrine levels increase as exercise intensity increases,but decrease as exercise duration increases. 30.Glucagon secretion increases during exercise,which decreases liver glycogen stores in order to maintain blood glucose concentration.

Insulin secretion would be highest

Chronic exposure to high levels of a hormone results in "up regulation" of receptors.

Growth hormone secretion increases during exercise and decreases during sleep.

Even though the concentration of insulin decreases during exercise,the muscle can still take up large quantities of plasma glucose.This is due,in part,to the recruitment of more glucose transporters.

During a bout of high intensity exercise (i.e. ,10 minutes at 80%VO2 max) ,the plasma concentration of hormones that stimulate fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue increase significantly.The plasma-free fatty acid concentration,however,actually decreases.Why does this occur?

During a bout of high intensity exercise (i.e. ,10 minutes at 80%VO₂ max) ,the plasma concentration of hormones that stimulate fatty acid mobilization from adipose tissue increase significantly.The plasma-free fatty acid concentration,however,actually decreases.Why does this occur?