Question 1

A thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres responsible for the higher mental functions,general movement,perception,and behavioral reactions is the
A)cerebral cortex.
B)brainstem.
C)amygdala.
D)basal ganglia.

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is the thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres responsible for the higher mental functions, general movement, perception, and behavioral reactions. The brainstem is responsible for regulating basic vital functions such as breathing and blood pressure. The amygdala is responsible for emotional processing and the basal ganglia are involved in motor control and learning.

Question 2

Which one of the following suggests that autism may be neurological in nature?
A)Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
B)Obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)Schizophrenia
D)Seizure disorders

Accepted Answer

Seizure disorders suggest that autism may be neurological in nature because seizures are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. This indicates that there may be underlying neurological differences in individuals with autism that affect brain function and behavior.

Question 3

What does autistic mean?
A)Unable to form affective relationships
B)Having intellectual disabilities
C)To escape from reality
D)To be locked into isolation

Accepted Answer

Autistic individuals may engage in behaviors that seem like an escape from reality, as they often have unique ways of interacting with the world and may focus intensely on specific interests. However, autism is a spectrum, and experiences vary widely among individuals.

Question 4

When was autism spectrum disorder described as a separate clinical category?
A)1943
B)1980
C)1966
D)1977

Accepted Answer

The answer of When was autism spectrum disorder described as...

Question 5

Deficits in social interaction include significant impairment in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors,which include all of the following except this:
A)Eye-to-eye gaze
B)Facial expressions
C)Body postures and gestures
D)Receptive language

Accepted Answer

Receptive language refers to the ability to understand spoken language and is not considered a nonverbal behavior. Therefore, it is the exception among the listed options.

Question 6

According to the federal government,more than 479,500 pupils ages ______ were identified as having autism during the 2013-2014 school year.
A)Birth-18
B)6-21
C)3-12
D)14-21

Accepted Answer

The correct age range for pupils with autism during the 2013-2014 school year is 6-21, as stated in choice B. The other age ranges listed (A, C, and D) are either too broad or too narrow to encompass this group of pupils.

Question 7

Many effective programs use principles of ______.
A)sensory integration
B)constructivism
C)psychogenics
D)applied behavior analysis

Accepted Answer

Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a widely used, evidence-based approach to addressing a variety of behavioral challenges or concerns. ABA uses principles of learning theory to analyze and modify behavior, focusing on identifying why certain behaviors occur and implementing interventions designed to increase or decrease those behaviors. This approach can be utilized with a wide range of individuals, including those with developmental disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, and other behavioral or emotional issues. While the other principles listed (sensory integration, constructivism, and psychogenics) may also have applications in certain contexts, ABA is likely the most effective and widely used approach for addressing behavioral concerns in a variety of populations.

Question 8

All of the following are examples of repetitive and restrictive behavior except
A)Cleanliness
B)Eating only certain foods
C)Repeated body movements
D)Rigidity about routines

Accepted Answer

Cleanliness is not necessarily a repetitive or restrictive behavior in itself. While some individuals with certain conditions or disorders may exhibit excessive cleaning as a symptom, it is not a defining characteristic of repetitive and restrictive behavior.

Question 9

Although no one instructional approach is effective with all students with autism spectrum disorders,an emphasis on developing ______ and appropriate social skills is characteristic of most approaches.
A)moral developmental skills
B)environmental safety abilities
C)functional communication abilities
D)adaptive living skills

Accepted Answer

Developing functional communication abilities and appropriate social skills is a common emphasis in most instructional approaches for students with autism spectrum disorders. While adaptive living skills and environmental safety abilities are also important for these students, they may not be the primary focus of instructional approaches. Moral developmental skills are not typically addressed in instructional approaches for students with autism spectrum disorders.

Question 10

All of the following are characteristics of early intervention services except this:
A)Health insurance services
B)Parent counseling
C)Occupational therapy
D)Recreational therapy

Accepted Answer

Health insurance services are not typically considered a characteristic of early intervention services. The other options listed - parent counseling, occupational therapy, and recreational therapy - are all common services provided in early intervention programs.

Question 11

Which of the following factors has contributed to the perceptions that people with autism spectrum disorders have special abilities?
A)The way that individuals with autism spectrum disorders have been portrayed in movies
B)Researchers have made claims concerning the special abilities of people with autism spectrum disorders.
C)Large percentages of people with autism spectrum disorders have exhibited special abilities.
D)People with autism spectrum disorders tend to score highly on measures of cognitive ability.

Accepted Answer

Movies and media often portray individuals with autism as having extraordinary abilities, which can shape public perception, even though this is not representative of all individuals with autism.

Question 12

Autism is a complex ______ disorder of development.
A)neurodevelopmental
B)behavioral
C)psychological
D)genetic

Accepted Answer

Autism is primarily a neurodevelopmental disorder, meaning it affects the development of the brain and nervous system. While there may be behavioral and psychological symptoms associated with autism, these are secondary to the core neurodevelopmental issues. Additionally, there is evidence of a genetic component to autism, but this does not necessarily make it a genetic disorder as it is not solely caused by genetic factors.

Question 13

Uneven skill development may be the cause for a common myth that,inside each autistic child,there is a(n)
A)genius.
B)self-injurious tendency.
C)aggressive attitude.
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

Uneven skill development is a common trait in autism, where an individual may excel in certain areas while struggling in others. This uneven development has led to the myth that there is a "genius" inside every autistic child. While this is not necessarily true, many autistic individuals have exceptional abilities in certain areas, such as mathematics, music, or art.

Question 14

What is thought to be the prevalence of individuals with autism spectrum disorder and related development disorders in the United States?
A)2.5 million people
B)8.5 million people
C)3.5 million people
D)4.5 million people

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the estimated prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States is approximately 1 in 54 children. Based on this estimate, it is thought that there are approximately 3.5 million individuals in the US with ASD or related developmental disorders.

Question 15

Effective programs for students with autism spectrum disorders are early,intensive,and ______.
A)multidisciplinary
B)affordable
C)inclusive
D)academic

Accepted Answer

Early and intensive intervention programs are known to be effective for students with autism spectrum disorders. Additionally, these programs are most successful when they involve a multidisciplinary approach, which can include speech therapists, occupational therapists, psychologists, and special education teachers. Therefore, option A is the best choice. Options B, C, and D are not necessarily critical components of effective programs for students with autism spectrum disorders.

Question 16

"Bad mothering" is associated with which theory for causes of autism?
A)Environmental theory
B)Psychogenic theory
C)Organic theory
D)Behavioral theory

Accepted Answer

The psychogenic theory, also known as the "refrigerator mother" theory, proposed that autism was caused by mothers who were emotionally cold and distant towards their children. This theory has been widely discredited and is no longer considered a valid explanation for autism.

Question 17

The ______ makes it possible to remember new information and recent events.
A)brainstem
B)hippocampus
C)basal ganglia
D)cerebellum

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is responsible for the formation of new memories and the consolidation of recently acquired information. It plays a crucial role in the process of memory.

Question 18

Special education programs with more ______ are associated with better outcomes for students with autism spectrum disorders.
A)staff
B)sensory integration strategies
C)structure
D)opportunities for inclusion

Accepted Answer

Structured programs provide clear expectations and routines, which can help students with autism spectrum disorders thrive by reducing anxiety and improving focus.

Question 19

The part of the brain responsible for emotional responses is the
A)cerebral cortex.
B)brainstem.
C)basal ganglia.
D)amygdala.

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is responsible for processing and regulating emotions, particularly fear and anxiety. It is also involved in the formation of emotional memories.

Question 20

A supervised,structured setting that provides job training in specific job skills is an example of which type of employment option?
A)Army training
B)Job coach
C)Supported employment
D)Sheltered workshops

Accepted Answer

A supervised, structured setting that provides job training in specific job skills is an example of a sheltered workshop. Army training and job coaching are not specific to job training in a particular skill, and supported employment typically involves working in the community without the level of supervision and structure provided by a sheltered workshop.

Quiz 10: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

A thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres responsible for the higher mental functions,general movement,perception,and behavioral reactions is the

Which one of the following suggests that autism may be neurological in nature?

What does autistic mean?

When was autism spectrum disorder described as a separate clinical category?

Deficits in social interaction include significant impairment in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors,which include all of the following except this:

According to the federal government,more than 479,500 pupils ages ______ were identified as having autism during the 2013-2014 school year.

Many effective programs use principles of ______.

All of the following are examples of repetitive and restrictive behavior except

Although no one instructional approach is effective with all students with autism spectrum disorders,an emphasis on developing ______ and appropriate social skills is characteristic of most approaches.

All of the following are characteristics of early intervention services except this:

Which of the following factors has contributed to the perceptions that people with autism spectrum disorders have special abilities?

Autism is a complex ______ disorder of development.

Uneven skill development may be the cause for a common myth that,inside each autistic child,there is a(n)

What is thought to be the prevalence of individuals with autism spectrum disorder and related development disorders in the United States?

Effective programs for students with autism spectrum disorders are early,intensive,and ______.

"Bad mothering" is associated with which theory for causes of autism?

The ______ makes it possible to remember new information and recent events.

Special education programs with more ______ are associated with better outcomes for students with autism spectrum disorders.

The part of the brain responsible for emotional responses is the

A supervised,structured setting that provides job training in specific job skills is an example of which type of employment option?