Question 1

Students who joined Greek organizations as first-time college students were more likely to engage in:

Accepted Answer

Research studies have shown that students who join Greek organizations as first-time college students have a higher likelihood of engaging in substance use compared to non-Greek students. This could be due to the pressure to fit in with the Greek social culture, as well as the availability of alcohol and drugs at Greek events.

Question 2

According to a study that examined variables related to the self,self-concept clarity refers to:

Accepted Answer

Self-concept clarity refers to how clearly and confidently people describe their sense of self. It is not related to quick judgments of personality traits (A), the ability to associate characteristics of self to others (B), or higher levels of self-esteem and self-image (C).

Question 3

Reta wants to examine the association between self-esteem and perceived popularity.The best research approach to answer this question would be:

Accepted Answer

A correlational design would be the best approach for examining the association between self-esteem and perceived popularity, as it does not involve manipulating any variables or introducing deception. It allows for the measurement of the strength and direction of the relationship between the two variables, which could be done using correlation coefficients or regression analysis.

Question 4

Shaunta has a strong belief that she can achieve any academic outcome she sets her mind to.She is displaying a high level of:

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy refers to one's belief in their ability to successfully perform a specific task or achieve a certain outcome. In this case, Shaunta's belief in her ability to achieve any academic outcome demonstrates a high level of self-efficacy. Self-esteem (A) generally refers to one's overall positive or negative evaluation of themselves, whereas self-concept (C) encompasses one's beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions about themselves across various areas of their life. Academic performance (D) refers to actual achievements in academic settings and is not necessarily indicative of one's beliefs about their abilities.

Question 5

The results from a study that examined self-concept clarity and self-esteem indicated that participants had less consistency and stability in their self-descriptions over time.This would suggest that assessment of this variable would present issues with:

Accepted Answer

The study found a lack of consistency and stability in participants' self-descriptions over time, indicating a potential issue with test-retest reliability.

Question 6

Meagan was told to systematically collect information from a group of high school students to determine high school students' proclivities toward politics.Her best approach to this data collection would be:

Accepted Answer

A survey would allow Meagan to systematically collect data from a large group of high school students in a structured manner. Surveys allow for quantifiable data analysis and can provide a broad snapshot of a population's attitudes and beliefs. Interviews may be too time-consuming for large samples, and qualitative data may not provide the specific information needed for this study. Teacher-report may not accurately reflect students' personal views and can be biased.

Question 7

Raul was asked by his pastor "What are your thoughts on personal freedoms?" This is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

An open-ended question allows the respondent to give a detailed and personalized answer. The question asked to Raul is not limiting his answer to select among a few options, making it open-ended.

Question 8

"On a scale of 1 to 10,where 1 means not interested at all and 10 means extremely interested,how interested are you in pursuing a career in academics?" This question is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

This question is a closed-ended question because it provides a limited number of response options (a scale from 1 to 10) for the participant to choose from.

Question 9

A study assessing the role of self-concept clarity in relationships found that self-concept clarity is related to the:

Accepted Answer

The study found that individuals who had higher self-concept clarity had higher quality romantic relationships. Therefore, self-concept clarity is related to the quality, not quantity, gender, or duration, of romantic relationships.

Question 10

"On a scale of 1 to 5,where 1 means awful and 5 means perfect,how well would you rate your interpretation of this course?" This question is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

This is a closed-ended question because it provides specific answer choices (1 to 5) for the respondent to choose from.

Question 11

One study examined differences in women who wanted to join sororities and women who did not want to join.Those women who wanted to rush a sorority tended to have a higher need to be the center of attention,but surprisingly did not have a higher need for:

Accepted Answer

The study found that women who wanted to rush a sorority did not have a higher need for affiliation. This is surprising because joining a sorority is often seen as an affiliation-seeking behavior. However, the study did find that these women had a higher need to be the center of attention, which could explain their desire to join a social organization like a sorority. The other choices (A, C, and D) are not discussed in the study and cannot be determined as being related or unrelated to the women's desire to join a sorority.

Question 12

According to a well-known 1995 study examining social relationships,we human beings have a fundamental need to:

Accepted Answer

The study suggests that human beings have a fundamental need to associate with others, indicating that social relationships are crucial to our sense of well-being and fulfillment. A and C may be important aspects of social relationships but are not the fundamental need identified in the study. D is not supported by the study.

Question 13

Charlene decided to use a summated rating scale for her upcoming thesis study on gender identity.Another name for this type of scale is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A summated rating scale is also known as a Likert scale, which is a type of rating scale commonly used in surveys or questionnaires to measure attitudes or opinions. The scale typically consists of several statements or items related to the construct being measured, and respondents indicate their level of agreement or disagreement with each statement on a 5- or 7-point scale. The scores for each statement are then summed to obtain an overall score for the construct.

Question 14

The use of an overall score on a scale takes into account______ when using multiple items.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The use of an overall score on...

Question 15

In a study investigating differences in first-time students in college who joined Greek life and those who did not,it was found that first-time college students who joined Greek organizations scored higher in:

Accepted Answer

The study found that first-time college students who joined Greek organizations scored higher in extraversion, which refers to being outgoing, assertive, and sociable.

Question 16

You are able to do all of the following with a correlational study,EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Correlational studies are not able to establish causation, only the relationship and direction between two variables.

Question 17

Juanita is looking for the ______ on her school's library server in an effort to gain access to a comprehensive guide of more than 2,700 different scales and measures for public use.

Accepted Answer

The Mental Measurements Yearbook is a comprehensive guide to over 2,700 different scales and measures for public use. It is likely that Juanita would be looking for this specific reference on her school's library server.

Question 18

A scale usually consists of a series of what type of questions?

Accepted Answer

A scale usually consists of a series of closed-ended questions that a respondent can select a specific answer from a predetermined set of response options.

Question 19

Corlita is interested in the relationship between Internet gaming and the quality of romantic relationships.The best research approach to examine this research question would be:

Accepted Answer

A correlational design would allow the researcher to examine the relationship between Internet gaming and the quality of romantic relationships. A quasi-experimental design or an experimental design may not be feasible or ethical for this type of research question, and active deception is not appropriate or necessary.

Question 20

Daniella asked her boyfriend Ricardo "Where do you see us in ten years?" Daniella is asking Ricardo a(n):

Accepted Answer

An open-ended question is one that cannot be answered with a simple "yes" or "no" or with a specific, limited set of options. It requires a more detailed response, allowing for personal expression and elaboration, which is what Daniella is seeking from Ricardo regarding their future.

Quiz 7: B: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea