Question 1

Hillary is interested in a high degree of connectedness between the items on her scale of childhood anxiety.She is most interested in:

Accepted Answer

Internal consistency reliability is concerned with the degree to which items on a scale are related to each other, or the degree of connectedness between items. Test-retest reliability is concerned with the consistency of scores over time, while alternative and equivalent forms reliability are concerned with the consistency of scores across different versions of a test.

Question 2

Which of the following would NOT be considered a forced choice scale format?

Accepted Answer

The Yes, No, or Maybe option allows respondents to choose a neutral response rather than being forced to choose between two extremes, so it is not a forced choice format. Options A, B, and D all require the respondent to choose one of two options, making them forced choice scales.

Question 3

Dr.Hughes wants to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Time 1 and Time 2 administration of his neurocognitive performance measure.The best method of evaluation would be:

Accepted Answer

Correlation would be the best method to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Time 1 and Time 2 administration of the neurocognitive performance measure. Correlation measures the degree of association between two variables and can indicate the strength of the relationship between the test scores obtained at Time 1 and Time 2. This method is appropriate for assessing the reliability of a measure over time, as it can determine if the scores obtained at both time points are consistent and reliable.

Question 4

Natalia asked her college roommate,"Will becoming a doctor or an artist help me meet my personal goals and my parents' goals for me?" This question is difficult because it is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

The question is asking about two different things (personal goals and parents' goals) in the same sentence, which makes it a double-barreled item.

Question 5

Reverse-coding is a scoring strategy where more negative response alternatives are assigned ______ values and more positive response alternatives are assigned ______ values.

Accepted Answer

Reverse-coding is used to ensure that higher scores always reflect a more positive response, regardless of the question's phrasing. Thus, more negative responses are assigned higher values, and more positive responses are assigned lower values to maintain consistency in the direction of scoring.

Question 6

Marcus made a very poignant statement at a recent meeting.He said,"An unreliable scale cannot be _____"

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that the scale being discussed is unreliable, meaning it cannot be trusted to provide accurate measurements. Therefore, it cannot be considered valid.

Question 7

Dr.Quezada is concerned about the measurement's ______ and that is why he is thinking at length about the type of response alternatives included in his survey of childhood bullying experiences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Quezada is concerned about the measurement's ______...

Question 8

Dante used a public scale for an experiment in his sociology class to examine satisfaction with community resources.Dante realized that some of the questions are written inversely.He is trying to determine a way to sum participants' responses on the scale so that a higher number accurately reflects a higher degree of satisfaction with community resources.Dante should use:

Accepted Answer

Reverse-coding is a technique that involves flipping the scoring of items that are negatively worded or inversely written in order to ensure that a higher score on the scale corresponds with a higher level of the construct being measured. This will help Dante accurately reflect satisfaction with community resources.

Question 9

One way to improve a scale's precision and ______the error of tendency is to use more response alternatives.

Accepted Answer

Minimizing the error of tendency involves reducing inaccuracies or biases, which is achieved by improving a scale's precision, often through using more response alternatives.

Question 10

Dr.Hurley decided to only provide two response alternatives,True and False,on his survey about preconceived notions of individuals who are classified as Internet addicts.Dr.Hurley should be concerned that his measurement has minimal:

Accepted Answer

By limiting the response alternatives to only True and False, Dr. Hurley's survey has minimal sensitivity, meaning it may not be able to detect subtle or nuanced attitudes towards individuals classified as Internet addicts. This may lead to less accurate and incomplete data. Internal consistency, content validity, and specificity are not directly related to the type of response alternatives provided on the survey.

Question 11

Tyrese noticed in his undergraduate research lab that the majority of the scales have at least ______ to ______ response alternatives with verbal descriptors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tyrese noticed in his undergraduate research lab...

Question 12

An important criterion for a high-quality scale item is that the item should be:

Accepted Answer

A high-quality scale item should be unambiguous, meaning that it should have a clear and specific meaning that is easily understood by respondents. Vague, imprecise, or indeterminate items would lead to unclear or unreliable responses.

Question 13

Reginald noticed in his work as a customer service representative that the majority of the rating scales available have at least 5 to 9 response alternatives with:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Reginald noticed in his work as a...

Question 14

One way to improve a scale's precision and minimize the error of central tendency is to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of One way to improve a scale's precision...

Question 15

Noel asked his partner "Are you happy with our life and communication?" This could be viewed as an unfair question because it is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

This question is considered a double-barreled item because it asks about two different things (life satisfaction and communication) in one question, making it difficult for the respondent to answer if their feelings on these topics differ.

Question 16

Marjorie felt indifferent so answered straight down the middle of the scale in a survey about her political associations.This bias is referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

The bias of answering in the middle of the scale without expressing a clear opinion or preference is known as the error of central tendency. The other options are not applicable in this scenario. Acquiescent response bias refers to the tendency of respondents to agree with statements regardless of their actual beliefs, social desirability bias involves respondents giving answers that are favorable or socially acceptable, and predictive bias relates to the accuracy of a statistical model in predicting outcomes.

Question 17

Granetta was completing a survey developed by her social club at school.Granetta agreed with every statement regardless of the actual item.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

This is an example of an acquiescent response set, where the respondent agrees with every statement without considering the content of the item. This can lead to response bias and inaccurate results in surveys.

Question 18

Salome decided to use a Likert scale for her upcoming independent study examining stereotypes impact on academic performance.Another name for this type of scale is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A Likert scale is a type of summated rating scale, where participants indicate their level of agreement or disagreement with a statement using a scale typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The other options listed are not synonymous with a Likert scale.

Question 19

Participant scores can vary between two administrations of a measurements because of ______ and not be a reflection of the scale itself.

Accepted Answer

Random error refers to variability in scores that is not systematic or consistent, and can occur for any number of reasons unrelated to the measure itself. This type of error can cause slight differences in scores between two administrations, even if the measure is reliable and valid. Bias, validity issues, and error of central tendency would all imply issues with the scale itself, rather than random variability in scores.

Question 20

______ is the best method of evaluation for test-retest reliability.

Accepted Answer

Correlation is the best method of evaluation for test-retest reliability because it measures the strength and direction of the relationship between two sets of scores. This allows for a comparison of scores from the same individuals at two different time points, and provides an indication of the degree of consistency between the two sets of scores.

Quiz 7: B: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea