Question 1

Which of the following is one of John Gottman's seven main practices that help marriages succeed?

Accepted Answer

One of John Gottman's main practices to help marriages succeed is to establish love maps, which refer to knowing and understanding your partner's world, including their hopes, dreams, fears, and stresses. This creates a deeper emotional connection and helps partners stay connected. The other choices, such as creating a gridlock or avoiding influence from your partner, are not recommended practices for successful marriages. Solving perpetual conflicts is an important practice, but it is not one of Gottman's seven main practices.

Question 2

Which of the following is a parenting myth?

Accepted Answer

While parenting may come more naturally to some individuals, it is not solely instinctual and requires learning and adapting to the specific child's needs. The other options are true statements and not myths.

Question 3

Which of the following is an outcome of the growing trend of having fewer children?

Accepted Answer

With fewer children, men may invest more time in fatherhood as they have less children to spread their attention and resources to. This trend is often referred to as the "involved father" phenomenon. Option A is not an outcome of having fewer children, but rather a change in childcare approach. Option B assumes that women are the primary caregivers and does not necessarily follow from having fewer children. Option D may or may not be true, but it is not directly connected to the trend of having fewer children.

Question 4

As soon as Davis's divorce was final, he was out looking for a new romantic relationship. Davis is a(n)

Accepted Answer

Seekers are individuals who quickly seek out new relationships after a breakup or divorce, often jumping from one relationship to another without much time in between. This aligns with Davis's behavior of looking for a new romantic relationship soon after his divorce.

Question 5

Kelly has just given birth to her first baby at the age of 37; her best friend, Olivia, age 26, also gave birth to her first child. Which of the following is most likely to be true for these new mothers?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that younger mothers generally have fewer medical problems during pregnancy and childbirth than older mothers. Choice A cannot be determined by age alone, as individual health and lifestyle factors also play a role in energy levels. Choice C is a subjective statement and cannot be determined based on age alone. Choice D also cannot be determined by age, as income levels are influenced by various factors such as career, education, and socioeconomic status.

Question 6

Nalini is well-adjusted to her single life after her divorce. She is self-sufficient and socially skilled. She has a successful career, has made lots of new friends, and has taken up pottery and gardening. She is satisfied with her lifestyle and is not interested in sharing her life with anyone else. According to E. Mavis Hetherington's research, Nalini would most likely be categorized as a(n)

Accepted Answer

Nalini exhibits characteristics of a competent loner as she is self-sufficient and satisfied with her single lifestyle. She has successfully adjusted to her divorce and developed a fulfilling life without a romantic partner.

Question 7

The ________ are individuals who are motivated to find new mates as soon as possible after their divorce.

Accepted Answer

The term "seekers" is commonly used to describe individuals who are motivated to find new romantic partners soon after their divorce or breakup. The other answer choices do not specifically relate to this behavior.

Question 8

Identify a true statement about parenting.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that parents often base their parenting styles on how they were raised by their own parents. This can lead to patterns repeating across generations, both positive and negative. Option B and D are not true as parenting requires strong interpersonal skills and emotional demands, and parenting can be enhanced through training and education. Option C is not necessarily true as undesirable practices may still be perpetuated even if passed down through generations.

Question 9

Sandra and Tom divorced after an 18-year marriage when Tom left Sandra for his colleague. Since the divorce two years ago, Sandra has been promoted in her job, has an active social life with her friends, and has taken up golf. However, when her friends suggest that she meet a man, Sandra tells them that she has no interest in men and that she is quite content with her life. Sandra is a(n)

Accepted Answer

Sandra has moved on from her divorce and has built a fulfilling life for herself, indicating that she is a competent loner who is comfortable being single.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true about gay and lesbian couples?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that gays and lesbians prefer long-term, committed relationships, just like heterosexual couples. The other options (A, B, and C) are stereotypes and are not universally true for all gay and lesbian couples.

Question 11

In E. Mavis Hetherington's research, the ________ were characterized by divorcees who were competent in multiple areas of life, showing a remarkable ability to bounce back from stressful circumstances and to create something meaningful out of problems.

Accepted Answer

E. Mavis Hetherington's research identified four types of divorcees based on their ability to cope and adapt after divorce. The Enhancers were one of these types, characterized by their competence in multiple areas of life and their resilience in bouncing back from stressful circumstances. They were able to find meaning and purpose in their problems and were generally successful in creating a new and fulfilling life after divorce.

Question 12

According to E. Mavis Hetherington's research, the largest group of divorced people fall into the category of

Accepted Answer

According to E. Mavis Hetherington's research, the largest group of divorced people falls into the category of "the good-enoughs," who experience some level of unhappiness in their marriages but are not in high-conflict relationships. They tend to adjust well to divorce and have positive relationships with their children.

Question 13

Gayle's divorce was final last year. During the first year after the divorce, Gayle spent every evening after work in a singles bar. She had several casual affairs. Gayle can be characterized as a(n)

Accepted Answer

Gayle's behavior of casual affairs and spending every evening in a singles bar suggests a lack of interest in commitment and a desire for sexual exploration, which are traits commonly associated with a libertine. The other options do not fit with this behavior.

Question 14

Following a divorce, Mildred goes back to college, renews old acquaintanceships, and takes up ballroom dancing. She starts focusing on her health and begins a fitness routine. A few months later, she meets an interesting person at a friend's party and enters into a romantic relationship with him. According to E. Mavis Hetherington's research, Mildred would be most likely described as a(n)

Accepted Answer

Mildred's actions, such as going back to college, focusing on her health and fitness, and entering into a new romantic relationship, suggest that she is an enhancer. Enhancers are individuals who cope with divorce by pursuing personal growth and positive changes in their lives, which is in line with Mildred's behavior.

Question 15

Identify a true statement regarding remarriage in the United States.

Accepted Answer

According to research, men tend to remarry sooner than women after a divorce, with an average time of three years compared to four years for women.

Question 16

Lesbian couples place an especially high priority on

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that lesbian couples prioritize equality in their relationships, with both partners having equal say and decision-making power. This may be due in part to the fact that same-sex relationships do not have traditional gender roles to fall back on, allowing for more fluid and equal partnerships. While individuals may have different desires for social and economic independence, maintaining a specific dynamic, or having an open relationship, these factors do not apply universally to all lesbian relationships.

Question 17

Which of the following is an advantage of having children late?

Accepted Answer

Having children later in life often means parents have had more time to advance in their careers and stabilize their finances, leading to more income available for child-rearing expenses.

Question 18

Which of the following is an advantage of having children early?

Accepted Answer

Having children early means that parents are likely to have more physical energy to keep up with the demands of parenting, as opposed to having children later in life when parents may experience more physical limitations.

Question 19

According to E. Mavis Hetherington, the ________ were mostly females who "grew more competent, well-adjusted, and self-fulfilled" following their divorce.

Accepted Answer

According to E. Mavis Hetherington, the enhancers were mostly females who "grew more competent, well-adjusted, and self-fulfilled" following their divorce.

Question 20

According to E. Mavis Hetherington's research on divorced individuals, the ________ were competent in multiple areas of life and showed a remarkable ability to bounce back from stressful circumstances and to create something meaningful out of problems.

Accepted Answer

According to Hetherington's research, the individuals who were competent in multiple areas of life and showed a remarkable ability to bounce back from stressful circumstances and to create something meaningful out of problems were called "enhancers." The other answer choices are not related to Hetherington's research on divorced individuals.

Quiz 14: Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood