Question 1

According to experts, how many hours of sleep do adults require per night for optimal performance the next day?
A) 12
B) 8
C) 5
D) 11

Accepted Answer

According to experts, adults require 7-9 hours of sleep per night for optimal performance the next day. Of the given options, only B falls in this range. A, C, and D are either too high or too low.

Question 2

According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society, which of the following statements is true about an individual's sleep?
A) The level of stress is independent of the quality or amount of sleep.
B) Family and social obligations predominantly lead to long hours of sleep in an individual's life.
C) Usually five hours of sleep a day is necessary for the optimal performance of an individual.
D) Chronic sleep deprivation may contribute to cardiovascular disease and a shortened life span.

Accepted Answer

The correct statement is that chronic sleep deprivation may contribute to cardiovascular disease and a shortened life span. Option A is incorrect because stress can affect the quality and amount of sleep. Option B is incorrect because social and family obligations may lead to less sleep for individuals. Option C is incorrect because the optimal amount of sleep for an individual varies, with most adults requiring 7-9 hours of sleep per day.

Question 3

Emerging adults fail to develop health-promoting habits because they
A) believe that good genes will override any unhealthy behaviors.
B) lack knowledge about which behaviors are healthy and unhealthy.
C) are reluctant to be seen as health-conscious.
D) do not consider how their lifestyle will affect them later in life.

Accepted Answer

Emerging adults often do not consider the long-term consequences of their current lifestyle choices. This may lead them to engage in unhealthy behaviors without realizing the damage they may be causing to their future health.

Question 4

A recent study conducted by VanKim and Laska revealed that college students from low-SES backgrounds ________ than their higher-SES counterparts.
A) ate less fast food
B) ate more fruits and vegetables
C) controlled their weight better
D) engaged in lower levels of physical activity

Accepted Answer

The study found that college students from low-SES (Socioeconomic Status) backgrounds engaged in lower levels of physical activity compared to their higher-SES counterparts. This is often due to factors like lack of access to recreational facilities, time constraints due to work, and less awareness or emphasis on the importance of physical activity.

Question 5

In the context of health, which of the following statements is true of emerging adults?
A) They have more than twice the mortality rate of adolescents.
B) They are less likely to engage in health-compromising behaviors than adolescents.
C) They are less likely to be obese or have a mental disorder than adolescents.
D) They eat regular meals and avoid consuming snacks during the day.

Accepted Answer

Emerging adults have more than twice the mortality rate of adolescents, mainly due to risky behaviors such as substance abuse and car accidents. They are more likely to engage in health-compromising behaviors than adolescents, such as binge-drinking and smoking, and they are also more likely to experience obesity and mental disorders. They may have irregular eating patterns and consume a lot of snacks.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of binge eating disorder (BED)?
A) Adolescents with BED are more likely to live in families that function effectively.
B) BED involves frequent binge eating with compensatory behavior like purging.
C) BED is far more common in females than males.
D) Individuals with BED are frequently underweight.

Accepted Answer

BED is more common in females than males. Studies have shown that approximately 60% of individuals with BED are female. Option A is incorrect as there is no evidence that suggests that individuals with BED come from families that function effectively. Option B is incorrect as compensatory behavior like purging is not present in individuals with BED. Option D is incorrect as individuals with BED are often overweight or obese.

Question 7

A longitudinal study by Harris and others revealed that most bad health habits that were engaged in during adolescence ________ in emerging adulthood.
A) receded
B) did not continue
C) remained unchanged
D) increased

Accepted Answer

The study by Harris and others found that most bad health habits that were engaged in during adolescence increased in emerging adulthood.

Question 8

According to Donatelle and Ketcham, which of the following has become an obsession with many Americans as obesity is on the rise?
A) dieting
B) exercising
C) sleeping
D) smoking

Accepted Answer

Donatelle and Ketcham suggest that dieting has become an obsession with many Americans as obesity is on the rise.

Question 9

Being overweight or obese is linked to increased risk of
A) cancer.
B) Down syndrome.
C) anemia.
D) hypertension.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Being overweight or obese is linked to...

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of obesity among the general population of the United States?
A) The number of obese people in the United States is predicted to decrease by 2030.
B) Greater reliance on energy-saving devices has reduced obesity in the United States.
C) Obesity is more prevalent among American women with low income than among women with high income.
D) Studies in the United States have found that increasing the consumption of fat-rich foods can help people fight obesity.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that obesity is more prevalent among American women with low income than among women with high income. Options A and B are false; the number of obese people in the United States is predicted to increase, and greater reliance on energy-saving devices may contribute to obesity. Option D is also false; increasing consumption of fat-rich foods would only worsen obesity.

Question 11

Mark, a 21-year-old, is a college student who plays basketball. He has represented his college in several nationwide basketball competitions. Mark has a healthy body mass index and is popular among his peers for his sturdy, muscular physique. What does Mark most likely do to improve and maintain his health profile?
A) He follows a strict vegan diet.
B) He engages in binge drinking.
C) He gets adequate sleep.
D) He has multiple sex partners.

Accepted Answer

Getting adequate sleep is important for maintaining good health. Mark's active lifestyle and involvement in sports likely requires a lot of physical energy and he needs sufficient rest to keep up with his daily routine. Vegan diet, binge drinking, and multiple sex partners can have negative impacts on his health and are not recommended for maintaining a healthy profile.

Question 12

According to a recent international comparison of 33 developed countries conducted by the OECD, which of the following countries was found to have the highest percentage of obese adults?
A) the United States
B) Italy
C) Norway
D) Japan

Accepted Answer

The OECD's report found that 36.2% of American adults are considered obese, which is the highest percentage among the 33 developed countries surveyed. Italy had the second highest percentage with 22.9%, Norway had 19.7%, and Japan had the lowest percentage with 4.3%.

Question 13

According to a recent study conducted by VanKim and Laska, college students from low-SES backgrounds ________ than their higher-SES counterparts did.
A) engaged in higher levels of physical activity
B) used unhealthy weight control methods
C) ate more fruits and vegetables
D) ate less fast food

Accepted Answer

College students from low-SES backgrounds were found to use unhealthy weight control methods more frequently than their higher-SES counterparts, according to the study by VanKim and Laska.

Question 14

According to recent studies, the most effective programs for losing weight include
A) music.
B) exercise.
C) reading.
D) dieting.

Accepted Answer

Recent studies show that exercise is one of the most effective programs for losing weight. While dieting is also important, exercise helps to burn off excess calories and improve overall health. Music and reading may be helpful for motivation and stress reduction, but they are not as essential for weight loss as exercise and dieting.

Question 15

Identical human twins have similar weights, even when they are reared apart. This indicates
A) the important role nutrition plays in obesity.
B) how lifestyle is instrumental in determining an individual's weight.
C) the genetic component of a person's weight.
D) how a person's weight cannot be traced to genetic factors.

Accepted Answer

The fact that identical twins have similar weights even when raised apart indicates a strong genetic component to a person's weight. This suggests that genetics play a significant role in determining an individual's weight, rather than it being solely influenced by lifestyle or nutrition factors.

Question 16

One of the most strongly supported interventions for binge eating disorder (BED) is ________.
A) coherence therapy
B) social therapy
C) interpersonal therapy
D) gene therapy

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal therapy (IPT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on improving interpersonal relationships and communication. It has been found to be effective in reducing binge eating episodes and improving the overall mental health of individuals with BED. Coherence therapy, social therapy, and gene therapy are not commonly used treatments for BED.

Question 17

A recent study of college students from low-SES backgrounds and high-SES backgrounds conducted by VanKim and Laska showed that college students from low-SES backgrounds ________ than their higher-SES counterparts.
A) ate more fast food and fewer fruits and vegetables
B) showed more healthy weight control
C) engaged in higher levels of physical activity
D) had a more balanced diet

Accepted Answer

The study showed that college students from low-SES backgrounds ate more fast food and fewer fruits and vegetables than their higher-SES counterparts.

Question 18

A study conducted by Grant, Wardle, and Steptoe explored links between health behavior and life satisfaction in more than 17,000 individuals between 17 and 30 years of age in 21 countries. The young adults' life satisfaction was found to be positively related to
A) exercising regularly.
B) alcohol consumption.
C) fiber intake.
D) increasing fat intake.

Accepted Answer

The study found a positive relationship between young adults' life satisfaction and exercising regularly, indicating that those who exercise are likely to report higher levels of life satisfaction.

Question 19

Which of the following reflects a key finding of the research conducted by Park and others (2006) on the mortality rates of emerging adults?
A) Among males, suicide is the highest cause of mortality than unintentional injuries.
B) The mortality rate among male adolescents is higher than emerging adults.
C) The mortality rates of emerging adults are more than twice the mortality rates of adolescents.
D) Usually, females are chiefly responsible for the higher mortality rates of emerging adults.

Accepted Answer

The key finding of the research conducted by Park and others (2006) is that the mortality rates of emerging adults are more than twice the mortality rates of adolescents. This finding is not specific to gender, nor does it mention females being chiefly responsible for the higher mortality rates. Furthermore, the study did not compare mortality rates between just males and emerging adults. Therefore, options A, B, and D are incorrect.

Question 20

The human genome has not changed markedly in the last century, yet obesity has noticeably increased. This indicates that
A) environmental factors play an important role in obesity.
B) obesity is primarily a product of a person's genes.
C) environmental factors have little impact on obesity.
D) there is reduced reliance on energy-saving devices.

Accepted Answer

The fact that the human genome has not changed much in the past century, yet obesity rates have risen, indicates that environmental factors must be playing a significant role in the increase. This suggests that changes in lifestyle, such as changes in diet or levels of physical activity, are likely to be the primary drivers of the increase in obesity rates.

Quiz 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

According to experts, how many hours of sleep do adults require per night for optimal performance the next day?

According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society, which of the following statements is true about an individual's sleep?

Emerging adults fail to develop health-promoting habits because they

A recent study conducted by VanKim and Laska revealed that college students from low-SES backgrounds ________ than their higher-SES counterparts.

In the context of health, which of the following statements is true of emerging adults?

Which of the following is true of binge eating disorder (BED) ?

A longitudinal study by Harris and others revealed that most bad health habits that were engaged in during adolescence ________ in emerging adulthood.

According to Donatelle and Ketcham, which of the following has become an obsession with many Americans as obesity is on the rise?

Being overweight or obese is linked to increased risk of

Which of the following statements is true of obesity among the general population of the United States?

According to a recent international comparison of 33 developed countries conducted by the OECD, which of the following countries was found to have the highest percentage of obese adults?

According to a recent study conducted by VanKim and Laska, college students from low-SES backgrounds ________ than their higher-SES counterparts did.

According to recent studies, the most effective programs for losing weight include

Identical human twins have similar weights, even when they are reared apart. This indicates

One of the most strongly supported interventions for binge eating disorder (BED) is ________.

A recent study of college students from low-SES backgrounds and high-SES backgrounds conducted by VanKim and Laska showed that college students from low-SES backgrounds ________ than their higher-SES counterparts.

A study conducted by Grant, Wardle, and Steptoe explored links between health behavior and life satisfaction in more than 17,000 individuals between 17 and 30 years of age in 21 countries. The young adults' life satisfaction was found to be positively related to

Which of the following reflects a key finding of the research conducted by Park and others (2006) on the mortality rates of emerging adults?

The human genome has not changed markedly in the last century, yet obesity has noticeably increased. This indicates that